HYSTERECTOMY and it's types, indications and contraindications.

This presentation contains Hysterectomy, it's types, indications, contraindications and it's side effects after post surgery.

1. HYSTERECTOMY

2. INTRODUCTION Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus. It could be performed through the abdominal route, vaginal route, laparoscopically or combined method.

3. NORMAL UTERUS

4. INDICATIONS Uterine fibroids - Noncancerous growths that can cause pain and heavy bleeding. Uterine prolapse - Slippage of the uterus into the vagina. Endometriosis - Tissue similar to the lining of the uterus that grows outside of the uterus. Adenomyosis - Thickening of the uterus. Cancer or precancer  of the uterus, cervix, ovaries, or endometrium (the lining of the uterus). Heavy or unusual vaginal bleeding.

5. TYPES OF HYSTERECTOMY Total hysterectomy:  Removing your uterus and cervix, but leaving your ovaries. Supracervical hysterectomy:  Removing just the upper part of your uterus while leaving your cervix. Total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo -oophorectomy:  Removing your uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes (salpingectomy) and ovaries (oophorectomy). If you haven't experienced menopause, removing your ovaries will start menopausal symptoms. Radical hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo -oophorectomy:  The removal of your uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, ovaries, the upper portion of your vagina and some surrounding tissue and lymph nodes. This type of hysterectomy is performed when cancer is involved.

6. TYPES OF HYSTERECTOMY

7. APPROACHES VAGINAL HYSTERECTOMY U terus is removed through an incision at the top of your vagina. There isn’t an external incision. Dissolvable stitches are placed inside your vagina. Most commonly used in cases of uterine prolapse and other nonmalignant (or noncancerous) conditions. Fewest complications and fastest recovery (up to four weeks) and considered the preferred approach. People often go home on the same day of surgery.

8. LAPAROSCOPIC HYSTERECTOMY A laparoscope (a thin tube with a video camera on the end) is inserted in your lower abdomen through a small incision in your belly button. Surgical tools are inserted through several other small incisions. U terus can be removed in small pieces through the incisions in your abdomen or through your vagina. Some people go home the same day or after one night in the hospital. Full recovery is shorter and less painful than an abdominal hysterectomy.

9. ROBOTIC-ASSISTED LAPAROSCOPIC HYSTERECTOMY It is the procedure with the help of a robotic machine. A laparoscope is inserted in your abdomen so your pelvic area can be viewed. Small, thin surgical tools are inserted through three to five incisions around your belly button. Robotic arms and instruments are controlled by the surgeon. The recovery is similar to a laparoscopic hysterectomy.

10. ABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY U terus is removed through a six- to eight-inch-long incision in your abdomen. The incision is made either from your belly button to your pubic bone or across the top of your pubic hairline. S titches or staples to close the incision. Most commonly used when cancer is involved, when the uterus is enlarged or when disease spreads to other pelvic areas. It generally requires a longer hospital stay (two or three days) and a longer recovery time .

11. COMMON SIDE EFFECTS Hot flashes . Vaginal dryness. Loss of libido. Difficulty sleeping ( insomnia ).

12. COMPLICATIONS Blood clots . Severe infection. Bleeding. Bowel blockage. Torn internal stitches. Urinary tract injury . Issues related to anesthesia .