IC ENGINE PPT (5) types of combustion.pptx

Types of combustion chamber.

1. COURSE NAME- IC.ENGINE COURSE CODE: ME- 403

2. GROUP NO. - 02 AKHILESH – 22010306006 AKSHAY KUMAR – 22010306007 AKSHAY RANA – 22010306008 AKSHAY SHARMA – 22010306009 AKSHIT DOGRA - 22010306010

3. ESSENTIAL PARTS OF CARBURETTOR TYPES OF CARBURETTOR TOPICS TO BE COVERED :

4. C ARBURET T OR: ( the heart of petrol engine) A carburettor is a device that mixes Air and Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines in the proper ratio for combustion. The carburetor works on  Bernoulli’s principle : the  static pressure  of the intake air reduces at higher speeds, drawing more fuel into the airstream. This device has now been superseded by modern electronic fuel injection .

5. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF C ARBURET T OR:

6. ESSENTIAL PARTS OF CARBURETTOR : AIR FILTER : Air filter is a device located between the carburetor and the air intake of an engine. Its primary function is to filter the incoming air, removing impurities such as dust and dirt before it reaches the engine. By regulating the airflow, the air box helps maintain the optimal air-to-fuel ratio required for efficient combustion. CHOKE VALVE : A choke valve is a type of valve mainly used to control the mixture of air and fuel.The primary function of the choke valve is to control the quantity of air inside the mixing chamber mainly. Generally, when there is a requirement for a proper mixture of air and fuel, this valve is operated; otherwise, it mainly stays in a semi- open condition.Also, due to snow, when the engine does not start in the winter season, this valve is used to get proper air and fuel supply

7. ESSENTIAL PARTS OF CARBURETTOR : VENTURI : STRAINER : The venturi is the gradually decreasing cross sectional hollow tube. It helps to decrease the air pressure of the chamber.For which fuel comes out from the fuel pipe. This device is mainly used for filtering the fuel before it enters the float chamber.The strainer is mainly composed of a fine wire mesh that filters the fuel and removes dust and other suspended particles from it. So, if the particles are not removed, it leads to the blockage of the nozzle

8. ESSENTIAL PARTS OF CARBURETTOR : FLOAT CHAMBER : MIXING CHAMBER : The float chamber mainly works as a fuel storage tank for a continuous fuel supply. It mainly consists of a float valve used to maintain the fuel level in a float chamber. Hence, when the fuel level decreases, the float chamber moves downward, opening the fuel supply valve and allowing fuel flow in the float chamber. Hence, when there is an increase in fuel level, the float moves upward, which closes and stops the supply of fuel. The mixture of air and fuel happens in the mixing chamber, which is eventually sent to the engine cylinder.

9. ESSENTIAL PARTS OF CARBURETTOR : THE IDLING SYSTEM : The idling system mainly consists of a passage between the float chamber to the venturi tube. It is responsible for providing a rich mixture during idling at low speed. It also works when the throttle is open at < 15% For idling or low speed operation, engine requires a rich mixture (usually air:fuel being 10:1). To supply fuel during idling, an idling system is built into the carburetor.

10. ESSENTIAL PARTS OF CARBURETTOR : METERING SYSTEM : The metering system is mainly responsible for controlling fuel flow into the nozzle. It is also responsible for forming a correct mixture of air and fuel. It mainly consists of two parts: The metering office The fuel discharge nozzle Hence, as the air is passed from the venturi, it generates a low-pressure field across the throat. Hence due to the pressure difference, the fuel gets discharged into the air stream .The metering office and the discharge hole at the end of the fuel discharge nozzle control the fuel quantity.

11. ESSENTIAL PARTS OF CARBURETTOR : THROTTLE VALVE : One of the essential parts of a carburettor is a throttle valve. It mainly involves air and fuel mixture and is mainly supplied to the engine cylinder.When the driver presses the accelerator, it opens up the throttle valve

12. TYPES OF CARBURETTOR: UP DRA UGH T CARBURETTOR . DOWN DRA UGH T CARBURETTOR . HORIZONTAL TYPE CARBURETTOR . There are three general types of carburetor depending on the direction of flow of air.

13. UP DRA UGH T TYPE CARBURETTOR: In this type of carburettor ,air goes through the bottom of the . And fuel comes from the float chamber and due to pressure difference within the two chamber with the help of venturi , fuel comes out from the fuel pipe and mix with the inlet air and make a mixture of air fuel, which is passed through the throttle valve which is directly connected with the accelerator And goes to the engine cylinder where the combination of charge( air+fuel )takes place FORMS OF CARBURETTOR :

14. DOWN DRA UGH T TYPE CARBURETTOR: FORMS OF CARBURETTOR : In this type of carburettor air comes from the top of mixing chamber , and the fuel comes from the bottom of the mixing chamber , here also the same principle works, due to low pressure created by the two venturies fuel comes out through the pipe and then the mixing of fuel and air occurred here.The mixture of fuel and air is controlled by the choke valve,and the quantity of charge supplied to the engine cylinder is controlled by the throttling valve.

15. HORIZONTAL TYPE CARBURETTOR: FORMS OF CARBURETTOR : When you rotate the down draft carburettor in the horizontal direction then it becomes horizontal type carburettor.The working principle of the type of carburettor is very simple . Here the carburettor stays in the horizontal position where the air is coming in through the one end of the carburettor . And mixing with the fuel to make the air-fuel ,mixture and then the air fuel mixture is going to the engine cylinder for combustion.

16. TYPES OF MODERN CARBURETTOR: CONSTANT CHOKE CARBURETTOR . CONSTANT VACUUM CARBURETTOR . According to the method of Varying the Mixture Strength the carburetors are of two types :

17. CONSTANT CHOKE CARBURETTOR : In the constant choke carburetor, the mixture strength is determined by the varying depression of a fixed tube or venturi. Solex and zenith   carburettor  are of this type FORMS OF MODERN CARBURETTOR : CONSTANT VACUUM CARBURETTOR : In the constant vacuum carburetor, depression in the choke tube is reasonably constant. And the size of the jet is varied to provide the correct mixture for all engine operating conditions. S.U. the carburetor  is an example of a constant vacuum carburetor.

18. ZENITH CARBURETTOR: FORMS OF MODERN CARBURETTOR : This is the oldest type of Carburettor . It was used in all Automobile engines before 25 years. It consists of all components which basic carburetor have. Starting jet Main jet Compensating jet Float chamber Choke and throttle valve

19. SOLEX CARBURETTOR: FORMS OF MODERN CARBURETTOR : This is the most common type of Carburettor used in Fiat and Standard cars. It is famous for good and easy starting. Performance and reliability. Its also runs on starting jet for starting purpose. In addition it contains starting jet, compensating jet and acceleration jet.

20. CARTER CARBURETTOR: FORMS OF MODERN CARBURETTOR : It was founded by William Carter. Carter Carburetor Company was established in 1909 and ceased operation in 1985. A carter carburetor is an American make carburettor and is used in jeeps. It is a standard equipment on Chervolet and Pontiac series of cars.

21. THANK Y OU