ICZM.pptx

Coastal zone management

1. ICZM NAME OF SPEAKER Designation [email protected] CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

2. Content Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM); concept, application and case studies. Communication, research, integration, institutional arrangements, regulations, stakeholder participation, the role of the private sector in ICZM. Impacts of human activities on coastal and ocean areas: Challenges related to climate change, expanding tourism, declining fisheries, intensive shipping and biodiversity protection. Problems related to sectors such as tourism and fisheries in the ICZM context; Analysis of multiple use management problems typical for the coastal areas with the maritime industry.

3. Coastal Zones The coastal zone is a region where land, ocean and atmosphere interact with each oher and therefore it is dynamic in nature. The coast contain some of the world’s most sensitive ecosystem like mangroves, wetlands, coral reefs, dunes and beaches. According to UN currently around 40% of the worlds population lives within 100kilometers of the coast. As population density and economic activity in the coastal zone increases, pressures on coastal ecosystems accelerate. Since the coast is very dynamic and fragile and is inhabited by an ever increasing population, it is subject to a number of natural hazards.

4. Interface between many natural ecosystem. Junction of two environments. Dyanamic area with frequently changing biological, chemical, and geological attributes. Coastal zones extends landwards to the limit of the tidal movements. Includes the sea and all those areas which are periodically covered by the tides.

5. Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) or integrated coastal management (ICM) is a process for the management of the coast using an integrated approach, regarding all aspects of the coastal zone, including geographical and political boundaries, in an attempt to achieve sustainability. This concept was born in 1992 during the Earth Summit of Rio de Janeiro. The European Commission defines the ICZM as follows:-

6. ICZM is a dynamic, multidisciplinary and iterative process to promote sustainable management of coastal zones. It covers the full cycle of information collection, planning (in its broadest sense), decision making, management and monitoring of implementation. ICZM uses the informed participation and cooperation of all stakeholders to assess the societal goals in a given coastal area, and to take actions towards meeting these objectives. ICZM seeks, over the long-term, to balance environmental, economic, social, cultural and recreational objectives, all within the limits set by natural dynamics.

7. 'Integrated' in ICZM refers to the integration of objectives and also to the integration of the many instruments needed to meet these objectives. It means integration of all relevant policy areas, sectors, and levels of administration. It means integration of the terrestrial and marine components of the target territory, in both time and space. The purpose of ICZM is to maximize the benefits provided by the coastal zone and to minimize the conflicts and harmful effects of activities upon each other

8. Goal To improve the quality of life of coastal communities who depend on coastal resources, while maintaining the biological diversity and productivity of coastal ecosystems. Objectives To provide sustainable utilization of coastal resources.

9. Overall goal To ensure optimum sustainable use of coastal natural resources maintenance of high levels of biodiversity Real conservation of critical habitats Supporting fisheries Protecting the community from storm ravages Attracting tourists Promoting public health Maintaining yields from mangrove forests Preserving coral reefs

10. What is ICZM Process of governance Legal and institutional framework Development and management plans Integrated with environmental goals Participation Maximize the benefit Minimize the conflict

11. ICZM dimensions The integration covers different dimensions: Horizontal integration –i.e. integrated planning related to socioeconomic and ecological aspects, Vertical integration at various administrative bodies , at different levels of communication International co-operation- National government- Regional/County level- Local/Municipal level; Territorial integration taking into account the interrelations between the land and the sea, the terrestrial, estuarine, littoral and offshore components of the coastal zone;

12. Integration through time in a consistent manner of the policies, planning and management strategies; Another essential aspect of the integration is community participation.

13. Integration The term 'integration' can be adopted for many different purposes, it is therefore quite important to define the term in the context of the management of the coastal zone to appreciate the intentions of ICZM. Integration within ICZM occurs in and between many different levels, 5 types of integration that occur within ICZM are explained below; Integration among sectors : Within the coastal environment there are many sectors that operate. These human activities are largely economic activities such as tourism, fisheries, and port companies.

14. A sense of co-operation between sectors is the main requirement for sector integration within ICZM. This comes from the realisation of a common goal focused around sustainability and the appreciation of one another within the area. Integration between land and water elements of the coastal zone: This is the realization of the physical environment being a whole. The coastal environment is a dynamic relationship between many processes all of which are interdependent. The link must be made between imposing a change on one system or feature and its inevitable 'flow on' effects.

15. Integration among levels of government : Between levels of governance, consistency and co-operation is needed throughout planning and policy making. ICZM is most effective where initiatives have common purpose at local, regional, and national levels. Common goals and actions increase efficiency and mitigate confusion. Integration between nations : This sees ICZM as an important tool on a global scale. If goals and beliefs are common on a supranational scale, large scale problems could be mitigated or avoided.

16. Integration among disciplines : Throughout ICZM, knowledge should be accepted from all disciplines. All means of scientific, cultural, traditional, political and local expertise need to be accounted for. By including all these elements a truly holistic approach towards management can be achieved. The term integration in a coastal management context has many horizontal and vertical aspects, which reflects the complexity of the task and it proves a challenge to implement.

17. General Principles of ICZM Work with natural processes Take geographically wide-ranging systems perspective Develop a clear mission statement Ensure support and involvement of all administrative level Work towards consensus Use participatory planning based on effective communication Explicitly acknowledge the uncertainty of future conditions and build flexibility into the planning processes.

18. CASE STUDY SRI LANKA'S COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT PLAN Sri Lanka's Coast Conservation Department (CCD), the nation's lead agency for coastal zone management, has recently completed a draft of its first legislatively mandated national Coastal Zone Management Plan (CZMP), culminating four years of intensive work. erosion management loss and degradation of coastal natural habitats protection of scenic areas and cultural and religious sites.

19. Management strategies, which include regulation, research programmes, enhanced intergovernmental coordination and public education, are presented for each priority issue. For example, the erosion management strategy establishes a setback line to ensure that structures are not sited so close to the shoreline that they contribute to or are affected by erosion. Regulatory measures prohibit the construction of shoreline protection work in some geographic locations, while they establish review procedures for constructing such structures along the rest of the coast. In addition, coral and sand mining are regulated.

20. Both activities accelerate the rate of coastal erosion in areas with already serious erosion problems. Also included in the erosion management strategy are: a public education campaign targeted at coral and sand miners regarding the impacts of their activities, a programme to identify alternative employment for displaced coral miners, and a research effort to identify alternate sources of lime for the building industry. Complementing these management efforts is a public investment programme to build shoreline protection works in appropriate areas.

21. SYMBOL OF TRUST