Ideal Medical laboratory lab

The infrastructure of an ideal clinical laboratory

1. 17-PML-014 LET YOUR LIGHT SHINE Vamsi kumar.A

2. AN IDEAL LABORATORY SETUP A good laboratory setup is an essential element of quality assurance program. Use of adequate working space is necessary for ease and hassel free movement for lab personals. Premises should be Safe, Clean, Hygenic It is the place where materials of human origine biological specimens are collected , stored, processed, analyzed and reported for the purpose of screening,diagnosis,prognosis and treatment

3. DEPARTMENTS IN A TYPICAL MEDICAL LABORATORY A) CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY B) MICROBIOLOGY C)SEROLOGY D) PATHOLOGY

4. SOME ESSENTIAL FACTORS IN AN IDEAL LAB SETUP 1.Laboratory premises 2.Heating, ventilation and lighting system 3.Services like Drinage system,Continious electricity 4.Fire prevention and Emergency facilities 5.Stock,Record Storage facilities and staff eating area 6.Bio medical waste management system 7.Computers and IT department 8.PERSONALES:-Medical officer, lab technician etc 9.Non medical staff like scavngers,helpers etc 10.Security system

5. 1.LABORATORY PREMISES Use of adequate working space is necessary for ease and hassel free movement for lab personals Premises should be Safe, Clean, Hygenic It should have good conditioned non reactive durable furniture and fittings Walls,celings and floors should be smooth, easily cleanable, imprermeable to liquids and should be resistent to disinfectents Each room should have atleast One HAND BASIN to clean and dispose waste materials Dustbin should be availble at the corner of the lab

6. Continued...... The laboratory space must have: Impervious and chemically resistant work surfaces; A sink; two sinks if you are using radioactive material; Safety shower (if hazardous chemicals are used); Eye-wash station (if hazardous chemicals and/or biological material is used); A fire extinguisher mounted to the wall or in an extinguisher cabinet; A functioning chemical fume hood for use of hazardous chemicals; A functioning biosafety cabinet for BL2; Chairs and furniture that are constructed of non-cloth material so that they can be effectively decontaminated; Electrical outlets sufficient in number and location to minimize the use of extension cords.

7. 1.LABORATORY PREMISES

8. 2.HEATING, VENTILATION AND LIGHTING SYSTEM It should have right working temperature if possible windowns are exposed to full sunlight Adequate ventilation “laminar air flow” Adequate lighting each Work bench should provide atleast TWO local lighting systems

9. 3.DRINAGE SYSTEM AND CONTINIOUS ELECTICITY liquid wastes pose a serious threat to human health and the environment because of their ability to enter watersheds, pollute ground water, and drinking water when improperly handled and disposed. At the same time, illegal and unethical reuse of this untreated waste, can be extremely dangerous and even fatal in causing diseases like cholera, plague, tuberculosis, hepatitis B, diphtheria etc. , in either epidemic or even in endemic form, which can pose grave public health risks and consequences and thus is a major problem for healthcare facilities, their employees, and the community at a large portion so proper drinage system is essential in a medical laboratory....

10. TYPES OF LIQUID WASTE The liquid waste generated from a CLINICAL LABORATORY is usually of the following types: INFECTIOUS WASTE Blood and body fluids Laboratory wastes (cultures of infectious agents, cultures from laboratories, biological, discarded vaccines, culture dishes and devices) Chemically hazardous Formaldehyde (obtained from pathology labs, autopsy, dialysis, embalming) Mercury (broken thermometers, sphygmomanometer, dental amalgams) Solvents (pathology and embalming) Radioactive isotopes Pharmaceutical liquid waste (discarded/unused/expiry date medicines) Photographic chemicals (fixer and developer) From cleaning and washing water channeled into the drain.

11. DRINAGE SYSTEM IN A MEDICAL LAB

12. 4.FIRE PREVENTION FACILITIES

13. 5.STORRAGE FACILITIES and STAFF EATING AREA It is provided for the storage of records, reagentts,consumables,stationary atc... Eating area for all staff shall be provided as per requirment and workload of the laboratory the staff eating area should provide adequate drinking water and hand basin for cleaning of hands staff eating area

14. 6.BIO-MEDICAL WASTE MANAGMENT SYSTEM Biomedical waste must be properly managed and disposed off to protect the environment, general public and workers, especially healthcare and sanitation workers who are at risk of exposure to biomedical waste as an occupational hazard. Steps in the management of biomedical waste include generation, accumulation, handling, storage, treatment, transport and disposa l Biomedical waste should be collected in containers that are leak-proof and sufficiently strong to prevent breakage during handling. Containers of biomedical waste are marked with a biohazard symbol . The container, marking, and labels are often red. Discarded sharps are usually collected in specialized boxes, often called needle boxes.

15. 7.ROLE OF COMPUTERS There is a huge inflow of data into the laboratory. This begins with gathering data on the patient with respect to personal details, clinical details, the type of testing required, and the details about the parameters generated subsequent to the testing process. The testing itself is done by various instruments. These vary from simple colorimeters to complex flow cytometers. The data generated can be stored manually or using COMPUTERS

16. TYPES OF AREAS WHERE COMPUTERS ARE USED 1. The pre-analytical phase: this comprises of patient identification, test request registration and billing, sample collection, labelling and transport and sample processing. 2. The analytical phase: This comprises of properly calibrating the instruments, the quality control process and analysis of samples. 3. The post-analytical phase: This includes all the processes that follow the testing of the samples. Namely, the validation of test results, transcription of results into the records, typing the results, printing and despatch of the results. Also, the data so generated needs to be stored. The samples also need to be stored for specified period of time.

17. 8.MANAGMENT IN CLINICAL LABORATORY The laboratory shall have qualified staff as per the scope of service provided these include:- qualified PATHOLOGIST/BIOCHEMIST/MICROBIOLOGIST or registered MEDICAL PRACTIONAR for interpretation and reporting of results The lab reports can be processed by the DMLT,BSc.MLT,MSc.MLT,MSc medical biochemist and MSc medical Microbiologist

18. continued.... the person SIGNING and INTERPRETING the report shall be registered with the MEDICAL COUNCIL OF INDIA/STATE MEDICAL COUNCIL in case of location in the rural area where qualified personal not availble reports can be interpreted by MBBS/MD/MS in othere specialization can release intrpret the routine reports as per local law and regulation ALL LABORATORY STAFF MUST BE QUALIFIED AS PER NABL Doc....

19. 9.NON MEDICAL STAFF Non-medical staff plays a vital role in healthcare access for patients by providing the required support round the clock. From dietetics staff to accountants, these professionals assure that everything is set to deliver highest standards of patient care in a supportive environment. Non-medical departments range from cafeteria, gift shop and switchboard personnel to patient escorts and social workers, accounting, housekeeping, maintenance, physical plant, information technology, human resources/recruiting, risk managers and laundry personnel. It is the commitment of our medical staff members which keeps the lab running 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.

20. 10 SECURITY SYSTEM