immunosuppression and stimulants Bsc Nursing

Drugs that suppress immune response and stimulae immune response

1. Drugs Acting on Blood And Reticuloendothelial System Immunosuppressants & immunostimulants Dr. Saroj K. Suwal

2. immunosuppressants Drugs that suppress immune response They suppress cell mediated or antibody mediated immune response or both.. Main application is in auto-immune disease and organ transplantations Inflammatory bowel  disease, including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Lupus . Multiple sclerosis. Psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis

3. Immunosuppressant Drugs Classifications Selective Cyclosporine Tacrolimus Infliximab Rapamycin Non Selective Corticosteroids azathioprine Antilymphocyte antibodies

4. Types of immunosuppresants   1. T-Cell Inhibitors-  cyclosporine, tacrolimus, sirolimus 2 . Cytotoxic drugs :- Methotrexate, Azathioprine, Cyclophosphamide, Chlrambucil 3 . Corticosteroids :- Methyl prednisone, Hydrocortisone 4. Immunosuppressant antibodies :- muronomab , infliximab

5. Glucocorticoids Methylprednisolone, prednisolone, hydrocortisone Have immunosuppressant and anti-inflammatory effect Inhibit T-lymphocytes proliferations Used in preventing rejection during organ transplantations Autoimmune disease like RA, SLE, myasthenia gravis, psoriasis, IBD

6. Azathioprine MOA Suppress cell mediated and humoral mediated immune responses Has also anti-inflammatory effect Used in combination with glucocorticoids or cyclosporine  for prevention of rejection episodes in organ transplantation and in RA Adverse effect Bone marrow suppression, hepatotoxicity, alopecia and GI side effects

7. Cyclophosphamide Alkylating agent Used in autoimmune disorder Multiple sclerosis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia Rarely in organ transplantations

8. Cyclosporine MOA: Inhibit proliferation of T-lymphocyte and IL 2 Productions Orally or IV Used in organ transplant to prevent rejection Also used in in auto-immune disease Mysthenia gravis, RA, SLE Side effects Nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, gingival hyperplasia, GI effect Inscreased incidence of lymphoma

9. Tacrolimus MOA and adverse effects are similar to cyclosporine Oral , Parental and topical use Used topically for psoriasis and atopic dermatitis

10. Immunostimulants Drugs which enhance immune response Also called as immunomodulators or immunostimulators Drugs that stimulate immune system Used for infections, cancer, immune deficiency test

11. Levamisole Used in colon cancer Thalidomide RA, Multiple Myeloma, Lepra reactions BCG vaccine Carcinoma in situ in urinary bladder Interferons Hairy cell leukemia, malignant melanoma, AIDS, HCC

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