Imogene king theory.pptx

nursing theory

1. Supriya batwalkar IMOGENE KING THEORY

2. INTRODUCTION Theorist : Imogene King - born in 1923. Bachelor in science of nursing from St. Louis University in 1948 Master of science in nursing from St. Louis University in 1957 Doctorate from Teacher’s college, Columbia University. Theory describes a dynamic, interpersonal relationship in which a person grows and develops to attain certain life goals. Factors which affects the attainment of goal are: roles, stress, space & time

3. BASIC ASSUMPTIONS Nursing focus is the care of human being Nursing goal is the health care of individuals & groups Human beings: are open systems interacting constantly with their environment. Basic assumption of goal attainment theory is that nurse and client communicate information, set goal mutually and then act to attain those goals, is also the basic assumption of nursing process

4. BASIC ASSUMPTIONS “Each human being perceives the world as a total person in making transactions with individuals and things in environment” “Transaction represents a life situation in which perceiver & thing perceived are encountered and in which person enters the situation as an active participant and each is changed in the process of these experiences”

5. MAJOR CONCEPTS Interacting systems: personal system Interpersonal system Social system Concepts are given for each system

6. Concepts for Personal System Perception A process of organizing, interpreting, and transforming information from sense data and memory that gives meaning to one's experience, represents one's image of reality, and influences one's behaviour. Self A composite of thoughts and feelings that constitute a person's awareness of individual existence, of who and what he or she is .

7. Concepts for Personal System Space The physical area called territory that exists in all directions. Time The duration between the occurrence of one event and the occurrence of another event . Learning Gaining knowledge

8. Concepts for Personal System Growth & development Cellular, molecular, and behavioural changes in human beings that are a function of genetic endowment, meaningful and satisfying experiences, and an environment conducive to helping individuals move toward maturity. Body image A person's perceptions of his or her body.

9. Concepts for Interpersonal System Interaction The acts of two or more persons in mutual presence; a sequence of verbal and nonverbal behaviours that are goal directed. Communication The vehicle by which human relations are developed and maintained; encompasses intrapersonal, interpersonal, verbal, and nonverbal communication .

10. Concepts for Interpersonal System Transaction A process of interaction in which human beings communicate with the environment to achieve goals that are valued; goal-directed human behaviours. Role A set of behaviours expected of a person occupying a position in a social system.

11. Concepts for Interpersonal System Stress a dynamic state whereby a human being interacts with the environment to maintain balance for growth, development, and performance, involving an exchange of energy and information between the person and the environment for regulation and control of stressors. Coping A way of dealing with stress.

12. Concepts for Social System Organization Composed of human beings with prescribed roles and positions who use resources to accomplish personal and organizational goals. Authority a transactional process characterized by active, reciprocal relations in which members' values, backgrounds, and perceptions play a role in defining, validating, and accepting the authority of individuals within an organization .

13. Concepts for Social System Power The process whereby one or more persons influence other persons in a situation. Status The position of an individual in a group or a group in relation to other groups in an organization. Decision making a dynamic and systematic process by which goal-directed choice of perceived alternatives is made and acted upon by individuals or groups to answer a question and attain a goal. Control Being in charge.

14. Propositions of King’s Theory If perceptual interaction accuracy is present in nurse-client interactions, transaction will occur If nurse and client make transaction, goal will be attained If goal are attained, satisfaction will occur If transactions are made in nurse-client interactions, growth & development will be enhanced

15. Propositions of King’s Theory If role expectations and role performance as perceived by nurse & client are congruent, transaction will occur If role conflict is experienced by nurse or client or both, stress in nurse-client interaction will occur If nurse with special knowledge skill communicate appropriate information to client, mutual goal setting and goal attainment will occur.

16. Nursing Paradigms 1. Human being /person being or person refers to social being who are rational and sentient. Person has ability to : perceive think feel choose set goals select means to achieve goals and to make decision

17. Human being has three fundamental needs: The need for the health information that is unable at the time when it is needed and can be used The need for care that seek to prevent illness, and The need for care when human beings are unable to help themselves.

18. Theory of Goal Attainment and Nursing Process Assessment Assessment occurs during interaction. The nurse brings special knowledge and skills whereas client brings knowledge of self and perception of problems of concern, to this interaction. During assessment nurse collects data regarding client (his/her growth & development, perception of self and current health status, roles etc.) Perception is the base for collection and interpretation of data. Communication is required to verify accuracy of perception, for interaction and transaction.

19. Nursing diagnosis The data collected by assessment are used to make nursing diagnosis in nursing process. In process of attaining goal the nurse identifies the problems, concerns and disturbances about which person seek help.

20. Planning After diagnosis, planning for interventions to solve those problems is done. In goal attainment planning is represented by setting goals and making decisions about and being agreed on the means to achieve goals. This part of transaction and client’s participation is encouraged in making decision on the means to achieve the goals.

21. Implementations In nursing process implementation involves the actual activities to achieve the goals. In goal attainment it is the continuation of transaction.

22. Evaluation It involves to finding out whether goals are achieved or not. In king description evaluation speaks about attainment of goal and effectiveness of nursing care.

23. Nursing Process and Theory of Goal Attainment