Impact of radioactive pollution environment

radioactive pollution

1. Prepared By:-
▪Larssa ellia
▪Sasan Hussen
▪Mahdi ahmed

2. content
1.Introduction
2.Radiation Nature & Type
3.Radioactive Pollution & Their Sources
4.Dangerous of radiation
5.Effects of Radioactive Waste
6.Classification of Radioactive Waste
7.solution of radioactive pollution
1

3. Introduction
Radioactivepollution:likeanyotherkindofpollution,is
thereleaseofsomethingunwantedintotheenvironment
and,inthiscase,theunwantedthingisradioactive
material.
Radioactivepollution:canbedefinedastheemissionof
highenergyparticlesorradioactivesubstanceintoair,
waterorlandduetohumanactivitiesintheformof
radioactivewaste.
2

4. Radiation Nature & Type
•These radiations are of two types:
1.Non-ionizingradiations:aretheelectromagnetic
wavesoflongerwavelengthfromnearultravioletrays
toradiowaves.Thesewaveshaveenergiesenoughto
excitetheatomsandmoleculesofthemedium
throughwhichtheyaremoving,causingthemto
vibratefaster.Thesedonothaveenoughenergyto
ionizethem.
2.Ionizingradiations:aretheelectromagnetic
radiationshavinghighenergy,suchasshort
wavelengthultravioletradiations,x-raysandgamma
rays.Theenergeticrayslikeproducedinradioactive
decaycancauseionizationofatomsandmoleculesof
themediumthroughwhichtheypassandconvert
themintochargedions.
3

5. Radioactive Pollution &
Their Sources
1. Natural sources: Cosmic rays, Terrestrial radiation
2. Man-Made sources: Medical sources, Industrial
sources, Nuclear Explorations, Nuclear Power, Nuclear
& Radiation accidents
4

6. Dangerous of radiation
Although radiation appears very dangerous, we should
remember that individuals are struck by about a million
particles of radiation every minute from natural sources.
One third of this radiation comes from outer space,
another third comes from radio-active materials like
uranium, thorium, and potassium, which are found in the
ground and in materials we derive from the ground; the
remainder comes from radioactive materials in our
bodies, especially potassium, a substantial quantity of
which is vital to life.
5

7. In addition to these sources of radiation, which
affect all our organs, radon gas (a derivative of
uranium) exposes our bronchial regions to
radiation from the very air we breathe. Natural
radiation is not insignificant. It is hundreds of
times larger than the well-publicized radiation
exposure from the nuclear industry. Moreover,
many X-rays are not thorium in the ground is
abnormally large, the average exposure from
natural sources is more than 50 percent larger
than the now ever, and natural radiation exposure
varies considerably. Made for medical purposes,
but to protect hospitals and physicians against
libel suits, thus, a change in the legal structure
could help avoid unnecessary medical X-rays.
6
Dangerous of radiation

8. Effects of Radioactive Waste
•Transportation issues
•Storage issues
•Long-term contamination of storage
spaces
•Scavenging
•Nuclear accidents
•Health effects
•Social costs
•Effects on nature
7

9. Classification of
Radioactive Waste
•1.LowLevelRadioactiveWasteBasicallyallradioactive
wastethatisnothigh-levelradioactivewasteor
intermediate-levelwasteisclassifiedaslow-level
radioactivewaste.Volume-wiseitmaybelargerthan
thatofhigh-levelradioactivewasteorintermediate
levelradioactivewaste,buttheradioactivity
containedinthelow-levelradioactivewasteis
significantlylessandmadeupofisotopeshavingmuch
shorterhalf-livesthanmostoftheisotopesinhigh-
levelradioactivewasteorintermediatelevelwaste
8

10. 2.HighLevelRadioactiveWasteHigh-level
radioactivewasteisapproachedasthewaste
consistingofthespentfuel,theliquiddrainages
arisingfromthereprocessingofspentfuelandthe
solidsintowhichtheliquidwasteisconverted.It
consists,generally,materialfromthecoreofa
nuclearreactororanuclearweapon.Thiswaste
includesuranium,plutoniumandotherhighly
radioactiveelementscreatedduringfission,made
upoffissionfragments.
9
Classification of
Radioactive Waste

11. solution of radioactive
pollution
➢there are many minor solutions but the
following is the most common:-
•Proper Storage: It is mandatory for
containers carrying radioactive material
to be stored properly. For starters, such
substances should be stored in radiation
proof containers to ensure no seeping or
leakage during handling. Proper storage
means no harm and can minimize cases of
accidental leakage.
10