Importance of angiosperm

Biodiversity

1. Importance of angiosperm

2. As a good source of nutrients As a source of income Medicinal plants

3. As a good source of nutrients

4. As a source of income

5. Medicinal plants

6. Poisonous Plants

7. Poison Any substance which, when taken into the system, acts injuriously, in a manner neither thermal nor mechanical, tending to cause death or serious detriment to health.

8. In General More than 700 plants toxic to animals Economic losses Chemicals in plants are natural defense

9. Can you tell by looking at a plant if it is poisonous? NO

10. Suspect Plant Families Philodendron family (Araceae) Cactus family (Cactaceae) Tomato family (Solanaceae) Spurge family (Euphorbiaceae)

11. Levels of Poisoning Chronic - Over a period of time. Can refer to prolonged or repeated exposure to toxins or to the progression of clinical signs. Acute - A rapid, severe onset of signs.

12. Classes of Poisons Poisons acting on the brain Poisons acting on the spinal cord Poisons acting on the heart Vegetable irritants

13. Houseplants

14. Amaryllis Houseplant Bulbs and seeds are toxic

15. Caladiums & Dieffenbachia Houseplant All parts Humans and pets

16. Easter Lily Houseplant or ornamental All parts Humans, cats, livestock

17. Oleander Ornamental shrub Extremely toxic Livestock, pets and humans Gastroenteritis, diarrhea, abdominal pain, sweating and weakness

18. Landscaping Plants

19. Azalea, Rhododendron Shrub Entire plant Livestock, pets and humans

20. Castor bean Ornamental herb Various parts of the plant – particularly in the seed All livestock, pets and humans 6 seeds can kill a horse 1-2 seeds can kill a child

21. Poison Ivy a climbing vine of the cashew family that has three-part leaves and white berries.

22. Foxglove Biennial plant All parts – most toxic just before the seeds ripen Cats, cattle, dogs, goats, horses, humans

23. Lantana Annual flower, warm climates spreading shrub All parts are quite toxic Cattle, sheep, horses and humans Gastric, vomiting, diarrhea, circulatory collapse

24. Lily of the Valley Perennial flower All parts are extremely toxic Humans, cats, dogs, goats

25. Red Maple Ornamental tree Leaves, especially when fallen, damaged, or wilted Horses only Breathing difficulties, jaundice, dark brown urine, death

26. Black Walnut Natural and ornamental tree Moderately toxic, depending upon length of exposure Horses, dogs, possibly other animals Laminitis, breathing problems, gastroenteritis

27. Yew Ornamental Shrub All parts extremely toxic, death is likely All animals-livestock, pets, humans and birds Sudden death is the typical sign. Occasionally: breathing problems, trembling, weakness, heart problems, stomach upset.

28. Plants in Nature

29. Black Locust Shrub or tree Roots, bark, sprouts, seed pods and/or trimmings Horses, cattle, sheep, poultry and humans Weakness, posterior paralysis, depression and loss of appetite

30. Jetropha Curcas

31. Dawa-dawa and saka-saka

32. Hemp Dogbane Native perennial All parts- particularly tender shoots. Can be in hay Horses, cattle, humans, sheep, cats, dogs, goats Heart stimulant, increased temperature and pulse, pupils dilated. Can result in death.

33. Horsenettle Perennial, thorny herb Berries most toxic, leaves to a lesser degree Mostly cattle, humans, rodents Sometimes sheep, horses, goats Irritation of the mouth, gastrointestinal lesions, unthriftiness, jaundiced mucous membranes, abdominal dropsy and constipation

34. Jimsonweed Annual All parts, green or dried are poisonous – especially seeds Cattle, swine:primary Horses, poultry, goats, dogs and humans: possible Cattle – .5 to 1# Weak, rapid pulse and heartbeat

35. Poison Hemlock Biennial Herb All parts are toxic, but the seeds are the worst Livestock, poultry and humans Gastrointestinal irritation, nervousness, trembling, staggering, coldness of the extremities, slow heartbeat and eventually coma and death

36. Pokeweed Perennial herb Young leaves often used as cooked green Cattle, horses, swine and man Severe gastroenteritis w/ cramping, diarrhea and convulsions Can be fatal Treat with gastrointestinal protectives and sedatives

37. Myths & Potentially Poisonous Plants

38. Poinsettia No part of these holiday beauties is toxic to either people or pets Tastes extremely bitter and could cause stomach upset

39. Nitrate Toxicity