IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTERS IN TRANSPORTATION GROUP15.pptx

Importance of computer in Transportation

1. TOPIC: IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTERS IN TRANSPORTATION DS ADEGBENRO ICT POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER SCIENCE NATIONAL DIPLOMA LECTURER: MR. AKINWUNMI O.O SEMINAR ON COMPUTER AND SOCIETY COURSE CODE: COM 222

2. PRESENTED BY: OGUNMOLA TUNDE SUNDAY NCS-20-EP-0003 OKE USMAN OLUWASEYI NCS-20-EP-0006 TOVIZUNKU NOAH JIMOH NCS-20-EP-0008 MOSHOOD ABIOLA ADELEKE NCS-20-EP-0009 GROUP 15

3. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM GENERAL USES OF COMPUTER IN TRANSPORTATION IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER IN ROAD TRANSPORT

4. INTRODUCTION Recent advances in computational technologies have led to a move towards fewer, more capable computer processors which has play a vital role in the sector of transportation. The current trend is toward fewer, less costly microprocessor modules with hardware memory management and real-time operating systems. The new embedded system platforms allow for more sophisticated software applications to be implemented, including model-based process control, artificial intelligence, and ubiquitous computing. Perhaps the most important of these for Intelligent transportation systems is artificial intelligence. The software applications have the potential to increase the efficiency of transport networks and decrease the negative externalities e.g., decrease the congestion and increase the quality of transport networks. In the transport sector, the deployment of ICT in the developed cities like Stockholm has been the era of developing sensing capabilities both of vehicles and traffic monitoring systems to perceive anomalies, and hazards in the environment, and to improve the fluency of traffic for less costs and cleaner environment. This presentation will briefly review some of the importance of computers in transportation.

5. General Uses of Computer in Transportation New subways, elevated systems, commuter rails, etc., are all relying on computer guidance and control Navigation System and Mapping: One important use of computer in transportation is Global Positing System(GPS). These feature a screen that shows a map which track your vehicle's movement through satellites signals. We can find the route of any location where we want to go through this by inputting our address and destination address then computer will give us visual map, distance, total driving time, traffic congestion etc. Online seat reservation and ticket booking, E-booking is achieve with the use of computer Positive Train Control by Federal Railroad Administration is the computer system that tracks the movement of trains on various railways around the country. PTC technology is capable of preventing train to train collisions ,derailments caused by excessive speed and the associated death or injuries. Computers are use in traffic control and signaling Vehicles use embedded micro computers to implement smart locking systems for increased security.

6. General uses of Computer in Transportation Computer S imulation of public transportation systems to analyze their performance before they are built Computers are use in vehicle diagnostics and repairs Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) have greatly reduced the cost of producing aircraft, ships, cars etc. Computers produce accurate drawings and can alert designers to possible conflicts before a design is produced. They can also manufacture parts more precisely and faster than humans weather forecast and analysis information is through the use of computers which is very useful for transportation especially air transportation. We can travel according to the weather forecast given by computers. Also, there are many more uses of computers in transportation like intelligent highway infrastructure including electronic toll collection, emergency vehicle notification systems, automatic road enforcement with red light and speed cameras, variable speed limits, collision avoidance systems, dynamic traffic light sequencing.

7. Impacts of Computer on Transport  It facilitate the way people travel. Airways, Roadways and waterways uses computers to control their operation. I It saves time and relieve severity of traveling difficulties. Reduce traffic congestion and Smoothen the traffic flow Reduce accidents, loss of life and properties Reduce environmental pollution Increase the viability of public transportation I ncrease the quality of transport networks Improved safety and efficiency

8. Modes of Transport The development of large-scale computers with easily programmable languages plays a vital role in all modes of transport, leading to the rapid expansion in the sector of transport . Transport consists of four major modes viz;  Road Transport Air Transport Rail Transport Water Transport

9. IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER IN ROAD TRANSPORT

10. Intelligent transportation system( ITS ) An intelligent transportation system (ITS) is an advanced application using computers, advanced sensors, electronics and communication to provide innovative services relating to different modes of transport and traffic management and enable users to be better informed and make safer, more coordinated, and 'smarter' use of transport networks. Thus improving the safety and efficiency of the transportation system. Some of these technologies include basic management systems such as navigation and mapping system, traffic signal  control systems, emergency vehicle notification systems, container management systems , variable message signs, automatic number plate recognition or speed cameras to monitor applications, such as security CCTV systems, and automatic incident detection or stopped vehicle detection systems to more advanced applications that integrate live data and feedback from a number of other sources, such as parking guidance and information systems, weather information , bridge de-icing (US  deicing ) systems, electronic toll collection system etc .

11. Intelligent transportation system(ITS)

12. Intelligent transportation applications Vehicle Information And Communication System (VICS) Automatic Vehicle I dentification (AVI) Advanced Cruise-assist Highway Systems(AHS) Advanced Traveler Information System (ATIS) Advanced Traffic Management Systems(ATMS) Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) Electronic Toll Collection System Assistance For Safe Driving Emergency Vehicle Notification Systems Automatic Road Enforcement System In-vehicle Transit Information System Parking Management System

13. Benefits Of Intelligent transportation system( ITS ) Reduce traffic congestion Smoothen the traffic flow Reduce traffic accidents Improved safety Enhance the mobility of travelers, especially the elderly and disabled Reduce the use of energy Reduce fuel consumption Reduce environmental pollution Reduce capital and operating costs Increase the viability of public transportation Responding more effectively and quickly to incidents Increase the ease and convenience of travel Increase user satisfaction

14. USES OF COMPUTERS IN AUTOMOBILES AND HIGHWAYS Sensors/Feedback Anti-lock brakes Performance Optimization Four-wheel Steering Shock adjustments Comfort/Sound Systems Automotive navigation system Computer Simulators Video Vehicle Detection Transit Surveillance Inductive loop Detection

15. Vehicle Detection System

16. Inductive loop Detection

17. Traffic Volume Studies Pavement Design Design of Bridges and Culverts Terrain Surveying Passenger Safety Signaling and Traffic Control Emergency Services Major Challenges of Roadways

18. Traffic Volume Studies Done using a camera or manually. Data is then analyzed using Statistical analysis Tools like IBM’s SPSS. Data so obtained is then used for design of roads by using Technical software like MX Road.

19. Traffic Control and Signaling Now, most of the traffic control is done using computerized traffic signals, which helps in achieving automatic density based traffic signaling. Violation of Traffic rules are easily recorded on computerized cameras.

20. Traffic Control and Signaling

21. Intelligent Vehicle Technologies Computers are being actively used in manufacturing, Research and Development activities for automobiles. Automobiles are equipped with smart ignition system, locking system and On-Board diagnostics. Autonomous car Automated Parking Navigation System/Global Positioning System

22. Autonomous car

23. Automotive navigation system One common computer used in land transportation today is the Global Positioning System.  It typically uses a satellite navigation device to get its position data which is then correlated to a position on a road. These extremely accurate devices can pinpoint your location to within 100 feet. Some cellular phones even have the technology built in. The navigation system will talk to the driver to let him know when to prepare to make turns, how far it is until the next required turn, and can estimate to the minute when the vehicle will arrive at the preferred destination.

24. In car computers, GPS technology guides drivers to their destination

25. IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER IN AIR TRANSPORT

26. ROLES OF COMPUTERS IN AIR TRANSPORTAION Computers are an integral part of the aviation industry. Listed below are few roles of computer in airport Ensure that planes stay on schedule and fly safely Allows you to easily modify travel arrangements at any airport Computers are crucial to an airport’s air traffic control services Computers are necessary for the use of prescreening measures Computers are central to th e efficient communication and recording of an airplane’s flight data. Computer conserve fuel by flying a plane straighter than a human pilot can Improve the reliability of aircraft Simplify the troubleshooting of malfunctioning equipment

27. MAINLY USED AREAS OF COMPUTER IN AIR-TRANSPORTATION Airport Services and Passenger Services Air Traffic Plane Mechanics Graphic Reconstruction of Crashes

28. AIRPORT SERVICES AND PASSENGER SERVICES Flight Information Display System (FIDS) Baggage Handling System (BHS) Biometric passport Full Body Scanner

29. Flight Information Display System (FIDS)

30. Baggage Handling System (BHS)

31. Biometric passport

32. Border Control Process

33. Full Body Scanner

34. AIR TRAFFIC Communication between air traffic controllers and pilots occurs through radio, the system by which this communication is synthesized with the radar and weather data is based on computers Computers allow air traffic controllers to visualize and track the location of planes in the air, and then instruct pilots as to the correct course of action.

35. PLANE MECHANICS The Instrument Panel Fly-By-Wire Technology Airliners that can Fly Themselves ( Autopilot) Recording a Flight’s Vital Statistics ( Black boxes)

36. The Instrument Panel The Primary Flight Displays showing the planes altitude, heading, airspeed, and altitude The Navigation Displays showing present directional and routing information on a compass layout, and can also project a radar image of the weather. Functioning of the engines and other critical components Display

37. Fly-By-Wire Technology Basic elements of a Fly-by-Wire Flight Control System

38. IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER IN RAIL TRANSPORT

39. USES OF COMPUTERS IN Rail Data tracks Matching cars to cargo Keeping track of rolling stock Flexible bottlenecks

40. DOOR CONTROLLER COMMUNICATION INTERFACE DRIVER DESK HMIS FOR TRAINS AND COACHES DIAGNOSIS AND MAINTENANCE SYSTEMS TRACK MEASUREMENT

41. Major Challenges To provide with a reservation system which can serve more than half million passengers. To provide with best passenger security even at the time of bad climatic conditions. Real time tracking of trains. To control the flow of freight between various sources and destinations.

42. Use of ICT in Railways Computer simulation programs in railway systems For ticketing and Ticket Cancellation Time Table Information Passenger information Freight information Tourist Information Press Releases Railway Board Directors Budget for financial year Train Route Information Crew information

43. Important Computer Applications Of Railways Control Office Automation ( COA) Crew Management System (CMS) Passenger Reservation System (PRS) Unreserved Ticketing System (UTS) Parcel Management System National Train Enquiry System (NTES) Integrated Train Enquiry System (ITES) Computerization of Complaints

44. Passenger Reservation System(PRS) Developed and Maintained by CRIS on C and Fortran programming language. CONCERT (Country-wide Network of Computerized Enhanced Reservation and Ticketing) allows a passenger from any location to book train tickets from any station to any station. Handles Reservation, Modifications and Cancellations/Refunds. Performs more than 1.6 m reservations daily.

45. E-ticketing Replaced Manually printed card tickets with centralised online sales and accounting. Handheld ticketing Terminal for e-ticketing, smart card enabled Ticketing unit. RFID technology for real time data on demand. Smart card based tickets with photo id.

46. Automated Ticket Vending Machine (ATVM), Smart Card, Electronic Push Button Ticket Vending Machine On Local Train Ticket Counters . Ticket vending devices

47. Crew Management System (CMS) Software that provides information regarding railway crew, status-wise records, assigning crew to trains, etc. Database covering 89000 crew members and 30000 crew members are being booked daily.

48. National Train Enquiry System Provides real time information about latest train running timings and live train tracking. Rail Radar shows all trains running in India in an overlay map. Can be accessed from mobile internet or through laptops.

49. TrainEnquiry.com

50. RAIL RADAR – Interactive train Maps

51. Freight Operations Information System Online real-time system for management and control of freight traffic. Management and control of freight movement Optimization of asset utilization: Wagons, Locomotives and Paths on Network Real-time Information allows decision making and ensures high level of mobility within the system. Better Logistics Management.

52. IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER IN WATER TRANSPORT

53. Use of Computers in Water transport Sail power Electronic wayfinding Crewless ship Nautical charts Control of pitch and roll Crewless engine room Containers/ RoRo

54. IMPACTS OF COMPUTER IN WATER TRANSPORTATION Vehicles in water are constantly under monitoring as various monitoring devices are monitoring the vehicle and its circumstances, and the information is sent regularly to the cloud service for observation. The vehicle overweight condition is constantly monitored as the passenger counter and the weight monitor let the authority know about the number of passengers and the total weight taken on board. Since the vehicle's status is always known, illegal passenger overloading will be reported immediately and as other natural issues are consistently taken care of proactively, the possibility of occurrence of accidents will be reduced drastically. As the information about any emergency and accidents is predicted immediately, the rescue operations become easier and faster. This brings a radical decrease in the loss of lives and properties. Since the vehicle location is always known with its status and the information is available through the Internet, passengers may have the opportunity to have real-time forecasting of their journey. It enhances the safety of the water transportation system, which leads to an increased use of this mode of transportation.

55. Intelligent Water Transportation System (IWTS)

56. Conclusions Is improving the economics of public transportation Is making new forms of transport possible To conclude, computers have changed our life beyond imagination and continue to play important role on human life and behaviors. It provides advanced facilities for our life and also create effective learning, production, control and utilization.

57. Thank You