Indexing or dividing_head

1. 1
The Indexing or
Dividing Head
Session 14

2. 2
Indexing (Dividing) Head
•Once one of the more important
attachments for milling machine
•Used to divide circumference of
workpiece into equally spaced
divisions when milling gear teeth,
squares, hexagons, and octagons
•Also used to rotate workpiece at
predetermined ratio to table feed rate

3. 3
Index Head Parts
•Headstock with index plates
•Headstock change gears
•Quadrant
•Universal chuck
•Footstock
•Center rest

4. 4
Index Head Parts
•Swiveling block
•Mounted in base enables headstock to be
tilted from 5º below horizontal to 10º beyond
vertical
•Spindle
•Mounted in swiveling block with 40-tooth
worm wheel, meshes with worm
•Worm
•Right angle to spindle, connected to index
crank
•Direct indexing plate
•Engaged by pin and attached to front of
spindle

5. 5
Index Head Parts

6. 6
Section view
of a dividing
head

7. 7
Index Head Parts
•Universal chuck
•Threaded onto end of spindle

8. 8
Index Head Parts
•Footstock
•Used in conjunction with headstock to
support work held between centers or in
chuck
•May be adjusted longitudinally, raised or
lowered off center, and tilted out of parallel

9. 9
Index Head Parts
Adjustable center rest
•Holds long, slender work between centers

10. 10
Methods of Indexing
1.Direct
2.Simple
3.Angular
4.Differential

11. 11
Direct Indexing
•Simplest form of indexing
•Performed by disengaging worm shaft
from worm wheel by means of
eccentric device in dividing head
•Spring-loaded tongue lock engages
numbered slots in index plate
•Used for quick indexing of workpiece
when cutting flutes, hexagons,
squares, etc.

12. 12
Direct Indexing Divisions
•Direct indexing plate usually contains
three sets of hole circles or slots: 24,
30, and 36
•Number of divisions possible to index
limited to numbers that are factors of 24,
30, 36
Slots Direct indexing divisions
24 2 3 4 _ 6 8 _ __ 12 __ __ 24 __ __
30 2 3 _ 5 6 _ _ 10 __ 15 __ __ 30 __
36 2 3 4 _ 6 _ 9 __ 12 __ 18 __ __ 36

13. 13
Example: Direct Indexing
•What direct indexing is necessary to mill eight
flutes on a reamer blank?
Slots Direct indexing divisions
24 2 3 4 _ 6 8 _ __ 12 __ __ 24 __ __
30 2 3 _ 5 6 _ _ 10 __ 15 __ __ 30 __
36 2 3 4 _ 6 _ 9 __ 12 __ 18 __ __ 36
Since the 24-hole circle is the only one divisible
by 8 (the required number of divisions), it is the
only circle that can be used in this case.
Never count the hole or slot in which
the index pin is engaged.

14. 14
Milling a Square with
Direct Indexing
1.Disengage worm and worm shaft by
turning worm disengaging shaft lever
if dividing head is so equipped
2.Adjust plunger behind index plate
into the 24-hole circle or slot
3.Mount workpiece in dividing head
chuck or between centers
4.Adjust cutter height and cut first side

15. 15
1.Remove plunger pin using plunger pin
lever
2.Turn plate attached to dividing head
spindle one-half turn and engage
plunger pin
3.Take second cut
Milling a Square with
Direct Indexing

16. 16
1.Measure work across flats and adjust
work height if required
2.Cut remaining sides by indexing every
six holes until all surfaces cut
3.Check for finish size
Milling a Square with
Direct Indexing

17. 17
Simple Indexing
•Work positioned by means of crank,
index plate, and sector arms
•Worm attached to crank must be
engaged with worm wheel on dividing
head spindle
•40 teeth on worm wheel
•One complete turn on index crank cause
spindle and work to rotate one-fortieth of a
turn (ratio of 40:1)

18. 18
Simple Indexing
•Calculating the indexing or number of
turns of crank for most divisions, simply
divide 40 by number of divisions to be
cut or,
40
Indexing =
N

19. 19
Simple Indexing
•The indexing required to cut eight
flutes:
crankindex of turns full 5
8
40
=
•The indexing required to cut seven flutes:
crankindex of turns
7
5
5
7
40
=
The five-sevenths turn involves use of
an index plate and sector arms.

20. 20
Index Plate and Sector
Arms
•Index plate
•Circular plate provided with series of
equally spaced holes into which index
crank pin engages
•Sector arms
•Fit on front of plate and may be set to any
portion of a complete turn

21. 21
Finishing Indexing for
Seven Flutes
Index-plate hole circles
Brown & Sharpe
Plate 1 15-16-17-18-19-20
Plate 2 21-23-27-29-31-33
Plate 3 37-39-41-43-47-49
Cincinnati Standard Plate
One side 24-25-28-30-34-37-38-39-41-42-43
Other side 46-47-49-51-53-54-57-58-59-62-66
Choose any hole
circle that is divisible
by denominator 7
5/7 = /21
So, 5 full turns plus
15 holes on 21 hole
circle!
15

22. 22
Finishing Indexing for
Seven Flutes
Index-plate hole circles
Brown & Sharpe
Plate 1 15-16-17-18-19-20
Plate 2 21-23-27-29-31-33
Plate 3 37-39-41-43-47-49
Cincinnati Standard Plate
One side 24-25-28-30-34-37-38-39-41-42-43
Other side 46-47-49-51-53-54-57-58-59-62-66
Choose any hole
circle that is divisible
by denominator 7
5/7 = /49
So, 5 full turns plus
35 holes on 49 hole
circle!
35

23. 23
Finishing Indexing for
Seven Flutes
Index-plate hole circles
Brown & Sharpe
Plate 1 15-16-17-18-19-20
Plate 2 21-23-27-29-31-33
Plate 3 37-39-41-43-47-49
Cincinnati Standard Plate
One side 24-25-28-30-34-37-38-39-41-42-43
Other side 46-47-49-51-53-54-57-58-59-62-66
Choose any hole
circle that is divisible
by denominator 7
5/7 = /28
So, 5 full turns plus
20 holes on 28 hole
circle!
20

24. 24
Finishing Indexing for
Seven Flutes
Index-plate hole circles
Brown & Sharpe
Plate 1 15-16-17-18-19-20
Plate 2 21-23-27-29-31-33
Plate 3 37-39-41-43-47-49
Cincinnati Standard Plate
One side 24-25-28-30-34-37-38-39-41-42-43
Other side 46-47-49-51-53-54-57-58-59-62-66
Choose any hole
circle that is divisible
by denominator 7
5/7 = /42
So, 5 full turns plus
30 holes on 42 hole
circle!
30

25. 25
Finishing Indexing for
Seven Flutes
Index-plate hole circles
Brown & Sharpe
Plate 1 15-16-17-18-19-20
Plate 2 21-23-27-29-31-33
Plate 3 37-39-41-43-47-49
Cincinnati Standard Plate
One side 24-25-28-30-34-37-38-39-41-42-43
Other side 46-47-49-51-53-54-57-58-59-62-66
Choose any hole
circle that is divisible
by denominator 7
5/7 = /49
So, 5 full turns plus
35 holes on 49 hole
circle!
35

26. 26
Cutting Seven Flutes
1.Mount B&S Plate 2 index plate on
dividing head
2.Loosen index crank nut and set index
pin into hole on 21-hole circle
3.Tighten index crank nut and check to
see that the pin enters hole easily
4.Loosen setscrew on sector arm
5.Place narrow edge of left arm against
index pin

27. 27
1.Count 15 holes on 21-hole circle
•Do not include hole in which index crank
pin is engaged.
2.Move right sector arm slightly beyond
fifteenth hole and tighten sector arm
setscrew
3.Align cutter with work piece
4.Start machine and set cutter to top of
work by using paper feeler
Cutting Seven Flutes

28. 28
1.Move table so cutter clears end of work
2.Tighten friction lock on dividing head
before making each cut and loosen
lock when indexing for spaces
3.Set depth of cut and take first cut
4.After first flute has been cut, return
table to original starting position
Cutting Seven Flutes

29. 29
1.Withdraw index pin and turn crank
clockwise five full turns plus the 15
holes indicated right sector arm
•Release index pin between 14
th
and 15
th

holes and gently tap until it drops into
15
th
hole
•Turn sector arm farthest from pin
clockwise until it is against index pin
Cutting Seven Flutes

30. 30
1.Lock dividing head; continue machining
and indexing for remaining flutes
Cutting Seven Flutes
The arm farthest from the pin is held and
turned. If the arm next to the pin were held
and turned, the spacing between both
sector arms could be increased when the
other arm hits the pin. This could result in
an indexing error not noticeable until the
work was completed.

31. 31
Angular Indexing
•Setup for simple indexing may be
used
•Must calculate indexing with angular
distance between divisions instead
number of divisions
•One complete turn of index crank
turns work 1/40 of a turn
•1/40 of 360º equals 9 degrees
9
required degrees of no.
degrees in Indexing =

32. 32
Angular Indexing
Calculate indexing for 45º
5
9
45
Indexing ==
5 complete turns

33. 33
Angular Indexing
Calculate indexing for 60º
3
2
6
9
60
Indexing ==
6 full turns plus 12 holes on 18 hole
circle

34. 34
Angular Indexing
Calculate indexing for 24'
Divide 24'/540' = 4/90
4/90 = 1/22.5
1 hole on a 22.5 hole circle
The nearest is a 23 hole circle. Indexing
would be 1 hole on a 23 hole circle with
a slight error (approximately 1/2 minute).
A need for higher accuracy requires
differential indexing.

35. 35
Angular Indexing
Calculate indexing for 24º30'
•First, convert angle into minutes
(24 x 60') = 1440' now add 30' = 1470'
Convert 9° to minutes 9°x60 = 540'
Divide 1470'/540' = 2 13/18
2 full turns and 13 holes on 18
hole circle

36. 36
Differential Indexing
•Used when 40/N cannot be reduced to a
factor of one of the available hole circles
•Index plate must be revolved either
forward or backward part of a turn while
index crank turned to attain proper
spacing (indexing)
•Change of rotation effected by idler gear or
gears in gear train

37. 37
Differential Method
•Number chosen close to required
divisions that can be indexed by simple
indexing
•Example: Assume index crank has to
be rotated 1/9
th
of a turn and only 8-hole
circle
•Crank moved 1/9
th
, index pin contacts plate
at spot before first hole
•Exact position would be the difference
between 1/8
th
and 1/9
th
of a revolution of
the crank

38. 38
Differential Method cont.
72
1
72
8
72
9
9
1
8
1
=-=-
one-seventy-second of a turn short of
first hole
Since there is no hole at this point, it is
necessary to cause plate to rotate backward
by means of change gears one-seventy-
second of a turn of pin will engage in hole.

39. 39
Method of Calculating the Change
Gears
gear (worm) driven
gear (spindle) driver

A
40
x N) -(A ratio gear Change
=
=
A = approximate number of divisions
N = required number of divisions
If A is greater than N, resulting fraction is positive and
the index plate must move in same direction as crank
(clockwise). This positive rotation uses an idler gear.
If N is greater than A, resulting fraction is negative and
index plate must move counterclockwise. This negative
rotation required use of two idler gears.

40. 40
Gearing
•Simple
•One idler for positive rotation of index
plate and two idlers for negative
rotation
•Compound
•One idler for negative rotation of index
plate and two idlers for positive rotation

41. 41
Example:
Calculate the indexing and change gears required
for 57 divisions. The change gears supplied with
the dividing head are as follows:
24, 24, 28, 32, 40, 44, 48, 56, 64, 72, 86
The available index plate hole circles are as follows:
Plate 1: 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20
Plate 2: 21, 23, 27, 29, 31, 33
Plate 3: 37, 39, 41, 43, 47, 49
57
40
==
N
40
Indexing
No 57 hole circle so select
number close to 57
7
5
56
40
=
5/7 would be 15 holes
on 21-hole circle
Choose plate 2: 21 holes

42. 42
Example: continued
The fraction is negative and simple gearing is to be
used, the index plate rotation is counterclockwise
and two idlers must be used.
gear) (worm 56
gear) (spindle 40
8
8
x
7
5
- gears Change
7
5
56
40
x
56
40
x 57) - (56
A
40
x N) -(A ratio Gear
-==
-=-==
=
1

43. 43
•For indexing 57 divisions, a 40-tooth
gear is mounted on the dividing head
spindle and a 56-tooth gear is mounted
on the worm shaft.
•Index idlers must be used. plate rotation
is negative and two
•After proper gears installed, the simple
indexing for 56 divisions should be
followed
Example: continued

44. 44
Wide-Range Dividing Head
•Possible for 2 to 400,000 divisions
•Large index plate contains 11 hole
circles on each side
•Small index plate mounted in front of
large, contains a 54 hole and a 100-
hole circle
•40:1 ratio between worm and dividing
head spindle

45. 45
A –
large
index
plate
B - crank
C –
small
index
plate
D - crank G – gear housing

46. 46
Indexing for Divisions
•One turn of small crank drives index
head spindle 1/100 of 1/40, or 1/4000 of
a turn
•Ratio of large index crank to dividing head
40:1
•Ratio of small index crank 100:1

47. 47
Indexing for Divisions
•One hole on 100-hole circle of small
index plate C = 1/100 x 1/4000
•1/400,000 of a turn
•Formula for indexing divisions =
400,000/N

48. 48
Indexing for Divisions
No. of turns
of large
index crank
No. of holes on
100-hole circle
of large plate
No. of holes on
100-hole circle
of small plate
4 0 0 0 0 04 04 0 0 0
N
Number of
Divisions
x x

49. 49
Indexing for Divisions
For 1250 divisions
400000/1250
40|00|00
1250
Since ratio of large index crank is 40:1 ,
any number that divides into 40 (first two
numbers) represents full turns of large
index crank
No. of turns
of large Index
Crank = 0
One hole on 100-hole
circle produces 1/4000
of a turn; any number
divides into 4000 are
indexed on large plate
20
No. turns
100-hole=
Large plate
3 20 holes on the
100-hole circle
small plate
4 0 0 0 0 04 04 0 0 0
N
30
Zero turns of large crank, 3 turns of 100-hole
large plate and 20 holes on 100-hole small plate

50. 50
Angular Indexing with the
Wide-Range Divider
•Indexing in degrees, minutes, and
seconds easily accomplished
•Both large and small index cranks set
on 54-hole circle of each plate
•Each space on 54-hole large plate will
cause dividing head spindle to rotate 10'
•Each space on 54-hole small plate will
cause work to rotate 6"

51. 51
Angular Indexing: cont.
plate) small on (indexed
6
N
Seconds
plate) large on (indexed
10
N
Minutes
plate) large on (indexed
9
N
Degrees
=
=
=
Example: Index for an angle of 17º36'18"
turns
9
8
1
9
17
==
One full turn + 48 holes on large plate
6' of r with3
10
36
==
3 holes on large plate
63
6
378

6
18x60)(6'
==
+
=
One full turn + 9 holes on small plate
One full turn + 51 holes on large plate

52. 52
Linear Graduating
•Operation of producing accurate
spaces on piece of flat or round stock
•Align workpiece parallel with table
travel
•Dividing head spindle geared to lead
screw of milling machine for accurate
longitudinal movement of table
•1 revolution of index crank = 1/40
th

revolution of spindle and lead screw

53. 53
Linear Graduating: cont.
•Rotation of lead screw (4 threads per
inch) would cause table to move 1/40
th
x
1/4
th
or 1/160
th
= .0025 in.
•Formula for calculating indexing for
linear graduations in thousandths of an
inch
.00625
N
Example: Movement of table .001 in
turns
4
1
6
1
.00625
.001
=
4 holes on 25-hole circle

54. 54
•If lead screw of metric milling
machine has pitch of 5mm, 1 turn of
index crank would move table 1/40
th

of 5 mm or 0.125 mm
•Point of toolbit used for graduating
generally ground to V-shape
Linear Graduating: cont.

55. 55
•Uniformity of line length controlled by
accurate movement of crossfeed
handwheel
•Uniformity of line width maintained if
work held absolutely flat and table
height never adjusted
Linear Graduating: cont.