INDIAN POSTION ANDPHYSIOGRAPHY STD 10TH.pptx

Indian position

1. B.J.P.S Samiti’s M.V.HERWADKAR ENGLISH MEDIUM HIGH SCHOOL INDIA - GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION AND PHYSICAL FEATURES VANITA MODAGI Program: Semester: Course: NAME OF THE COURSE Staff Namevvvvvv 1

2. Heritage of our country exhibits unity in diversity, from ancient times. we observe a diverse of physical features, climatic conditions, natural vegetation and people, we feel this country can be called a subcontinent.

3. India’s position in the world: India – a peninsula located in South-East Asia. also called ‘India’ and ‘Hindustan’. ‘India’ has been derived from river Indus. ‘Bharat’ after the ancient Indian king Bharata. lies in the northern hemisphere. wide in the north, tapering to form a triangle in the south, ending in the Indian Ocean.

4. Size : 32,87,263 sq. kms. Area Seventh largest country in the world. 2.4% of the world’s total area. 17.5% of the world’s population.

5. Latitudinal position : 8°4’ to 37°6’ in the North Latitude. total length 3,214 kms from Kanyakumari in the South to Kashmir in the North Southernmost point ‘Indira Point’ located at 6°45 ’ (Great Nicobar Island) The Tropic of Cancer or 23° North Latitude passes through Central part of India.

6. Longitudinal Position : extends from 68°7’ east to 97°25 ’ East longitude. 2933 kms. from East to West Indian Standard Time is based on 82° East longitude passing through Allahabad. Indian time is ahead of Greenwich Meantime (0° latitude) by about 5 hours and 30 minutes.

7. Frontiers and Neighbouring Countries : being a peninsula, has land and water frontriers 15,200 kms of land frontiers and 6,100 kms of coastline India shares land frontier with seven nations. north-west Afghanistan and Pakistan north China, Nepal and Bhutan east Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh south Sri Lanka and south-west Maldives

8. PHYSICAL FEATURES OF INDIA The Northern Mountains: young fold mountains, highest range in the world; cover about 5 lakh sq. km. Three ranges a) Siwalik Range : called ‘the Foothills’ lesser height, narrow strips of plains or valleys called “Dunes”. height 600-1500 meters above the sea level.

9. b) The Himachal (Middle Himalaya) (central) : height 3600 meters to 4,500 meters width 60-80 kms hill stations likeShimla , Mussorie , Nainital, Ranikhet , Chakrata and Darjeeling etc.

10. c) Greater Himalayas ( Himadri ) : Height 6000 meters to 8000 meters above sea level ‘Mount Everest’ is the highest peak Mt.Godwin Austin or K2 is the highest peak in India

11. Importance of the Himalayas : influenced the life of Indians provide protection to India birth-place of many rivers home to many types of plants and animals treasure-house of minerals

12. 2. Northern great plain : also called ‘Sutlej-Ganga plains’ these plains stretch from the river Indus in the west to the Brahmaputra valley in the east breadth is around 2,400 kms width is 70 km to 500 kms largest alluvial tract suitable for agriculture and irrigitation

13. 3. Peninsular Plateau : Largest physical division Oldest landmass, part of Gondwanaland Total area 16 lakh sq.km.; triangle in shape The Aravalli range- oldest fold mountains, Vindhya Mountains, Satpura hills Malwa Plateau, Chotanagapur plateau Rivers like Narmada, Tapti and Damodar Western Ghats to the west of Deccan Plateau

14. 4. Coastal Plains : From Rann Kutch in the west to the delta of the Ganga in the east Two parts – The Western Coastal Plains and the Eastern Coastal Plains Islands : totally 247 islands 204 in Andaman and Nicobar islands in the Bay of Bengal - hard volcanic rocks 43 Lakshadweep islands coral islands