Information and communication technology

communication technology

1. NFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY MADE BY:- TAMOJIT DAS

2. INTRODUCTION TO ICT WHAT IS ICT ? - ICT is the technology required for information processing, in particular, the use of electronic computers, communication devices and software applications to convert, store, protect, process, transmit and retrieve information from anywhere, anytime.

3. LETS LOOK AT THE TOPIC PART BY PART  INFORMATION Information refers to the knowledge obtained from reading, investigation, study or research. The tools to transmit information are the telephone, television and radio. Information is knowledge and helps us to fulfill our daily tasks.  COMMUNICATION Communication is an act of transmitting messages. It is a process whereby information is exchanged between individuals using symbols, signs or verbal interactions. Communication is important in order to gain knowledge.  TECHNOLOGY Technology is the use of scientific knowledge, experience and resources to create processes products that fulfill human needs. Technology is vital in communication

4. RANGE OF TECHNOLOGY UNDER ICT Look at the following table to get an understanding of range of technologies that fall under the category of ICT. Information Technologies Creation Personal Computers, Digital camera, Scanner, Smartphone Processing Calculator, PC, Smartphone Storage CD, DVD, Pen drive, Microchip, Cloud Display PC, TV, Projector, Smartphone, Transmission Internet, Teleconference, Video conferencing, Mobile technology, Radio Exchange e-mail, Cellphone,

5. A GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION * A graphical representation of what is ICT is represented in more details in the figure below  (Graphic courtesy: Dr.M.U.Paily , RIE, Mysore)

6. ICT in Business Today a lot of business transactions happen through internet and hence called e-commerce. ICT facilitates marketing, customer visit, product browsing, shopping basket checkout, tax and shopping, receipt and process order. Through e-commerce one can also offer services pertaining to processing transactions, documentation, presentations, inventory management and gathering product information. In other words, every business activity can be done being at home.  

7. Role of ICT in business *Inventory management: inventory management systems track the quantity of each item a company maintains, triggering an order of additional stock when the quantities fall below a pre-determined amount. * Data management- companies are ale to store and maintains tremendious amount of historical data economically, and employees benefit from immediate access to the document they ned

8. *ICT education creation of human resources to meet the IT needs *ICT supported education use of ict to support the print content *ICT enabled education educational programme that is purely delivered through ICTs

9. EVOLUTION OF ICT Phase I The first phase related to evolution of ICT is identified with the creation of electromagnetic calculator during World War II, weighing about 5 tons. Invention of transistors in 1947 led to development of smaller but versatile computers. With the input-output technology changing from punch cards to magnetic tapes, "Computer" became a catch word.

10. Phase II  The second phase of ICT evolution is associated with the development of personal computers during 1970's. Development of chip technology and manufacturing magnetic discs transformed huge computers into desktops, which are called personal computers. Word processing, accounting and graphics became very accessible.

11. Phase III  Third phase of ICT evolution is related to development of microprocessors. Microprocessor, a multipurpose, programmable device that accepts digital data as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory, and provides results as output. Microprocessors reduced the cost of processing power.

12. Phase IV  The fourth phase of ICT evolution is around networking. Starting from connecting computers within a small geographic area for the field of Defense and Education to connecting the computers worldwide resulting in internet is the landmark development in the field of ICT. This resulted in breaking the distance barrier across the geographies and world being called a global village. Social networking is a byproduct of this. Introduction of broadband has accelerated this evolution. NETWORK

13. Phase V The fifth phase of ICT evolution is related to the development of wireless, which refers to the present phase. This phase began with the invention of the mobile phone. The initial mobile phones were large and bulky. Reduction in size has been accompanied by a greatly expanded range of functions. Now mobile phones are used for talking, transmitting messages, pictures and music, browsing, navigating. Satellite phones have allowed us to get connected even in the absence of telephone and cell phones.

14. Convergence of technology and telecommunications Parallel developments in the field of technology lead to convergence of technology and telecommunications. We saw, as mentioned earlier, the way we got connected with each other. Social networking became a virtual reality. Interacting with people who are hundreds of thousands of kilometers away, especially, in real time became a reality. The barrier of distance to communicate dissolved. There were new avenues to express oneself in the form of blog and microblog. Digital revolution made data processing very easy to handle. In other words, ICT provided an ideal platform for learning in the new paradigm.