Information comiunication technology HNDIT1212 Lecture 01.pptx

Information communication technology notes

1. Week1: Overview of systems analysis and design Subtopics: ● Information systems ● Types of information system HNDIT2034: System Analysis and Design

2. Course Details Course Code : HNDIT2032 Course Title : System Analysis and Design Diploma Program : HNDIT Semester : 2 Course Status :Compulsory, GPA Number of Credits : 03 Mode of Delivery : Lectures, Discussion, Presentations, Assignment, Practical, Field visit, blended learning, Demonstrations, LMS, e learning, independent learning, Guided learning,

3. Learning Outcomes After successful completion of this course the student should be able to: LO1: Collect data to analyze and specify the requirements of a system. LO2: Design system components and environments. LO3: Create general and detailed models that assist programmers in implementing a system. LO4: Describe how system analysts interact with users, management, and other information systems professionals LO5: Evaluate systems development alternatives

4. Outline Syllabus Introduction to System Analysis and Design Software development lifecycles Requirement elicitation and business analysis System analysis and design tools Logical Data flow Design System testing System conversion System maintenance

5. Information system 5 It is an arrangement of Computer Technology (Hardware & Software) and Telecommunication Technology (Data, image, voice) to support and improve day to day operations, problem solving and decision making needs of management and users.

6. Main components of an Information System 6 Information systems consist of four main components. They are, Input (collects data) Processing (process data) Output (disseminates data) Feedback

7. Computer Based Information Systems(CBIS) 7 The resources of a CBIS include, hardware software databases telecommunications people procedures

8. System development environment 8 Stakeholders Any person who has an interest in an information system and its outputs. Mainly, there are five types of stakeholders. Systems User Systems Owner Systems Builder Systems Designer Systems Analyst

9. Systems User 9   A “ customer ” who will use an information system by, capturing validating entering responding to storing exchanging data and information on a regular basis. A common synonym is client . Systems users define the business requirements and performance expectations for the system to be built.

10. Systems Owner 10 Systems owner is an information system’s sponsor and advocate and he owns the final system. They pay for the system to be built and maintained . They set the vision and the priorities for the system and determine the policies for its use. Responsible for funding the project of Developing Operating Maintaining the information system.

11. System builder 11 System builders are technical specialists involved with Constructing Testing Delivering the system into operation They construct the information system components based on the design specifications from the system designers.

12. Systems Designer 12 System designers are technical specialists Translate systems users business requirements and constrains into technical solutions They design the system including Databases Inputs Outputs Screens Network Software to meet the users requirements

13. Systems Analyst 13 System analysts are people who understand both business and computing

14. Role of system analyst 14 Identify the problem Analyze and understand the problem Identify the solution requirements Identify alternative solutions Design and implement the best solution Evaluate the result

15. Group Work List out Resources of computer-based information systems in education (Primary School, School, and University) You have been assigned to create a computer program for Pharmacy. If you are a System Analyst in your organization, make a list of what information you are collecting.

16. Types of Information Systems Information systems can be classified in many ways, Classification by mode of processing Classification by System Objectives 16

17. Classification by mode of processing Batch processing systems: The transactions are collected as they occur, but processed periodically, say, once a day or week. On-line batch systems: The transaction information is captured by on-line data-entry devices and logged on the system, but it is processed periodically as in batch processing systems. On-line Real-time systems: The transaction data capture as well as their processing in order to update records (and generate reports) is carried out in real-time as the transaction is taking place. 17

18. Classification by System Objectives Type of information System Transaction Processing System (TPS)   Management Information System (MIS) Decision Support System (DSS) Executive Information System (EIS) Expert Systems (ES)  Communications and Collaboration Systems   Office Automation System Geographic Information System (GIS) 18

19. The use of information systems by management level. 19

20. Transaction Processing System (TPS) Information Systems that capture and process data about business transactions. Used mainly by operational level employees 20

21. Management Information System MIS is an information system application that provides for management oriented reporting. lower and middle management can control, organize and plan more effectively and efficiently. 21

22. Decision Support System (DSS) Provides its user with decision-oriented information whenever decision making situation arise. They are interactive systems that assist a decision maker when faced with unstructured or semi structured business problems. Interactive computer-based modeling process 22

23. Executive Information System (EIS) /Executive Support System(ESS) An information system designed for top-level managers. They integrates data from all over the organization into graphical indicators and controls 23

24. Executive Information System (EIS).. ESSs serve to, indicate issues of importance to the organization indicate new directions the company may take help executives monitor the company’s progress 24

25. Expert Systems (ES) An expert system is a programmed decision making information system. It capture and reproduces the knowledge and expertise of a decision maker and Simulates the “thinking “ of the expert. 25

26. Communications and Collaboration Systems An IS that enables more effective communications between, Workers Partners Customers Suppliers Enhance their ability to collaborate 26

27. Office Automation System It supports the wide range of business office activities. Work group computing Work group scheduling E-mail Electronic document 27

28. Geographic Information System (GIS) A system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of spatial or geographical data.

29. Legacy Systems 29 Legacy system is an "antiquated" system. potentially problematic often run on obsolete hardware spare parts for such computers become increasingly difficult to obtain hard to maintain, improve and expand The designers of the system may have left the organization, leaving no one left to explain how it works.

30. Upgrading a Legacy System 30 Many complex legacy systems are yet to be upgraded to new technologies because of Cost Skills People required Force to change – to reflect new or changing business requirements. Year 2000 problem (Y2K) Euro conversion

31. Group Work ATI has IS. Write down the use of information systems by management-level processes and officer positions . Think about the organization you work for explain about information systems by management level. Explain the activities separately.