📖 Informational Texts GRADE 9 Q2 WEEK 1.docx

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1. ?????? Informational Texts: Teacher’s Discussion
?????? 1. Diction and Style
What is Diction?
Diction means the choice of words used by the writer.
In informational texts, writers choose words that are:
oFormal → They avoid slang or casual words.
oObjective → They don’t include personal feelings, only facts.
oPrecise → They use exact words to avoid confusion.
✅ Example:
Informal: “Kids these days are addicted to their phones.”
Informational: “Many teenagers today spend excessive time using mobile devices.”
?????? Notice how the second sentence sounds more serious and reliable because of the formal and
precise diction.
What is Style?
Style is the way a writer expresses ideas.
In informational texts, the style is usually expository, which means the goal is to explain
or inform.
The sentences are clear, organized, and focused on facts—not opinions.
✅ Example:
Literary style (story-like): “The boy’s eyes sparkled with wonder as he stared at the stars.”
Informational style: “Stars are massive balls of hot gases that produce light and energy.”
?????? The first sentence tells a story, while the second explains a fact. That’s the difference in style.
?????? 2. Transition Devices
What are Transition Devices?
Transition devices are words or phrases that connect ideas.
They help the text flow smoothly so the reader doesn’t get lost.
Types of Transition Devices:
To Add Ideas → also, moreover, in addition, furthermore
To Compare → similarly, likewise
To Contrast → however, on the other hand, although
To Show Cause and Effect → therefore, as a result, consequently
To Give Examples → for example, for instance, such as

2. To Conclude → in conclusion, to sum up, overall
✅ Example Without Transitions:
“Exercise is good. It strengthens the heart. It helps in weight control.”
✅ Example With Transitions:
“Exercise is good. Moreover, it strengthens the heart. In addition, it helps in weight control.”
?????? The second version reads more smoothly because of transition devices.
?????? 3. Sentence Structure and Function
Sentence Structures
Sentences in informational texts can take different forms to express ideas clearly.
1.Simple Sentence → one complete idea.
“The sun is a star.”
2.Compound Sentence → two ideas joined with a conjunction (and, but, or).
“The sun is a star, and it gives light to the Earth.”
3.Complex Sentence → one main idea + one dependent idea.
“Plants grow faster when they receive enough sunlight.”
4.Compound-Complex Sentence → combines compound and complex.
“The sun is a star, and it gives light to the Earth, which supports life.”
?????? Using a variety of sentence structures makes the text clearer and less boring.
Sentence Functions
Sentences also serve different purposes in informational texts:
1.Declarative (statement of fact) → most common.
“Water boils at 100°C at sea level.”
2.Interrogative (asks a question) → sometimes used to guide thinking.
“What are the effects of pollution on human health?”
3.Imperative (gives instructions) → often seen in manuals or guides.
“Read the instructions carefully before answering.”
4.Exclamatory (expresses strong feeling) → rare in informational texts.
“How incredible this discovery is!”
?????? Summary for Students
Diction and Style: Informational texts use formal, objective, and precise words in an
expository style to explain ideas.
Transition Devices: Help connect ideas smoothly and show relationships (cause-effect,
comparison, conclusion, etc.).
Sentence Structure and Function: Writers use a mix of simple, compound, complex,
and compound-complex sentences, mostly in declarative form, to present information
clearly.