Input devices, Output devices , It's Types and CPU

This power point presentation contains most of the input devices , output devices with their description
,input device ,output device ,arithmetical logical unit ,control unit ,keyboard ,types of keyboards ,gaming keyboard ,ergonomic keyboard ,standard keyboard ,laptop keyboard ,types of keys on keyboard ,mouse ,types of mouse ,optical mouse ,mechanical mouse ,opto - mechanical mouse ,scanner ,joystick ,light pen ,output devices ,projector ,monitor. ,printer ,types of printer ,impact printers ,dot matrix printers ,daisy wheel printers ,non impact printers ,inkjet printers ,laser printer ,3 d printer ,central processing unit ,CPU

1. Nor

COMPUTER
Computer is an Advanced Electronic device that
takes the data as input, processes that data and
finally produce the Desired Information or result
as Output

Output

Proces
s
Input

2. INPUT DEVICES


Those Devices which help us enter the data
into the Computer are called Input Devices.

For example: -
1. Mouse
2. Keyboard
3. Joystick
4. Light pen
5. Scanner
6. Barcode reader

3. 1.MOUSE





1. It is also known as Pointing Device.
2. Using mouse, we can directly click on various
icons present on the system and open up various
files and programs.
3. A mouse comprises of 3 buttons on the top (left
button, right button, scroll button).
4. In a mouse, there is a trace ball and the
movement of cursor on the screen is controlled by
the movement of trace ball.
5. The most important benefit of mouse is to make
work easier and speedily.

4. WORKING PRINCIPLE OF MOUSE








In a Mechanical Mouse, Rollers and Sensors are
used to sense the direction and rate of movement
of mouse.
1. When the balls of mouse move the rollers sense
the horizontal and vertical movement and sensors
sense the Speed of movement
2. The Information is passed via chip through chord.
3. When an optical mouse is moved a beam of light
is reflected from its inside.
4. These pulses of light determine the direction and
rate of movement.

5. TYPES OF MOUSE

The different types of mouse are –

1] Mechanical Mouse

- Mechanical mouse has 2 rubber wheels with their
axles perpendicular to each other.
- Each wheel is connected to variable register or
potentiometer.
- When Wheel rotates around its axis the change in
resistance gives distance travelled.

2] Optical mouse

- This type of mouse has no Wheels or
Balls.
- It has LED and Photodiode assembly.
- This mouse is placed on the special plastic pad
containing a rectangular grid of closely spaced
lines.

6. 3] Opto-Mechanical Mouse

- It has 2 rotating wheels mounted at 90 degrees to
each other.
- Large no. of uniformly spaced slots is made along
the circumference of wheel.
- Each wheel contains an LED at the centre. A
detector gives an idea of distance travelled.






2]
KEYBOARD

7. 1. Keyboard is one of the input devices which is
similar to typewriter.
2. Through keyboard proper instructions are given to
computer and which is displayed on computer
screen according to key pressed.
3. Keyboard consists of 102- 104 or more keys.
4. Each key is attached with a switch. When key is
activated an electronic signal is produced which is
detected by an electronic circuit called Keyboard
Encoder.
5. The keyboard Encoder may be a special integrated
circuits or microcomputer chip.
6. Encoder detects which key has been pressed and
send binary code for that key to computer.
TYPES OF KEYS ON KEYBOARD

8. 1] FUNCTION KEY

- Across the top of keyboard are a row of Keys
called Function Keys.
- Each key of Function Key is composed of letter F
and a number ranging from F1 to F12.
- Each of function key performs specific operation
based upon what software is being used.



2]
NUMERIC KEYBOARD

- Many Large keyboard have extra section of
numeric keypad to right of keyboard.
- This consists of number from 1-9 , an asterisk ,
slash , dash , + sign , enter key and
a dot.
- There is also a Num lock key which
is used to turn on /off the numeric
keypad.

9. 3] NAVIGATION KEY

- Also called direction key.
- Contains up, down, left and right arrow keys.
- These keys are called Navigation Keys.







4] TYPEWRITER KEY –

- The centre of the keyboard which contains the
largest number of keys including letters and
numbers.
- Most typing is done with these keys.

10. 5]SPECIAL KEYS

The alt and ctrl keys (used for specific
functions) The tab key (Used to insert the
cursor) And shift key (Used to make capital
letter or symbol that are located on number
key)



-

11. STANDARD KEYBOARD
- Also known as Desktop Keyboard
- Includes Alphabetic Characters, punctuations,
symbols, numbers and a variety of function
keys.




-
-
- Has the same keyboard type as the normal
keyboard, except from fact that most laptop
keyboards condense the symbol into fewer
buttons to accommodate less space


TYPES OF KEYBOARDS


2. LAPTOP KEYBOARD

12. 3. GAMING KEYBOARD

- They are similar to normal keyboard except
they generally contains extra features such as
illuminated keys, Multimedia keys , an
additional LCD screen , palm rest and other
features.








4.ERGONOMIC KEYBOARD

- It is a computer keyboard designed with
ergonomic considerations to minimize chance
of wrist and Hand injuries

13. 5. LASER OR INFRARED
KEYBOARD

- This device projects the keyboard on to flat
surface such as table or desk


6. ROLLUP KEYBOARD
These are made of soft plastic or silicone which
can be rolled on itself for travel.

14. 3.JOYSTICK


- It is a device which comprises
of stick which is attached at an
angle to base so that it can be
moved and controlled.
- Mostly used to control
movement in video games



4. LIGHT PEN

- It is a Wand like looking device which can
directly be moved over device’s
screen
- It is light sensitive.
- Used in conjunction with
computer’s cathode ray tube

15. 6. SCANNER











Scanner is an input device that scans documents
such as Photograph and pages of text.
When document is scanned, it is converted into
digital format. This creates electronic version of
document that can be viewed and edited in
Computer.
It is a kind of optical
scanner. It can read bar
codes.
A source of light is passed
through a bar code and its
aspects and details are
displayed on the screen.

7. BARCODE READER

16. F


Those devices which give out the result of
entered input, once it is processed (i.e.
converts data from machine language to
human understandable language) is called
OUTPUT DEVICES.


Examples of Output Devices -
1. Monitor
2. Speaker
3. Printer
4. Projector
5. Headphone

OUTPUT DEVICES

17. 1.MONITOR
The device which displays all the
icons, text, images etc. over
screen is called the Monitor
When we ask the computer to
perform an action the result of
that action is displayed on
Monitor.
Various types of monitor have
also been developed over years.
2. SPEAKER

A device through which we can
listen to a sound as an outcome
of what we command a
computer to do is called Speaker.

18. 3.PRINTER
1] Printer is an online output device which is
used to print information, character, symbol and
alphanumeric characters on paper.
2] It converts the electronic signals from
computer to human readable form that is, they
provide hardcopy output to produce a printout of
the result of data processed in computer.












Impact
printers

Dot matrix
Printers

Daisy
Wheel
Printer

Non impact
Printers

Inkjet
Printer

Laser
Printer
3d Printer

19. 1] IMPACT PRINTERS
- An impact printer makes contact with paper
and produce an image.
- It produces noise while printing.

A) DOT MATRIX PRINTER


- Print one character at a time.
- They form character and all
kinds of images as pattern
of dots.
- To print a character the printer
activates the appropriate set
of pin as print head move
horizontally.
- E.g. Epson DFX 500 PLUS….

20. B] DAISY WHEEL PRINTERS

- The printed output of dot matrix printer
is not so fine because of infinite no. of
dots.
- Thus, Daisy Printers are launched in
which characters are usually represented
by sharp continuous line.
- Speed of Daisy Wheel Printers
ranges from 10-90 characters
per second. (cps)

21. 1] NON - IMPACT
PRINTERS

. Printers that do not strike characters against ribbon
or paper when they print are called NON IMPACT
PRINTERS

A] INKJET PRINTERS
- Has Fine Nozzles
- Multicolour Printed Output

B] LASER PRINTERS
- Laser Printers are page printers
which print one page art a time
- High quality , high speed , high
volume technology
- Expensive
C] 3D PRINTER
- Print 3D Images

22. 4. PROJECTOR

- An Optical Device which
presents an image or moving image onto
projection screen is called Projector.
- Most commonly, these projectors are used in
auditoriums and theatres for display of videos and
lightning.
- If projector is connected to computer then
image/video displayed on the screen is same as
one displayed on computer’s screen
5. HEADPHONE
- They perform same function as speaker,
the only difference is the frequency of sound.
- Using speaker, the sound can be heard
over a large area and using
headphone the sound is only
audible to person using them. - Also
known as Earphone or Headset

23. CENTRAL PROCESSING
UNIT
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is also called
the “Brain of Computer System”.
All the major calculations and comparisons
performed by a computer are carried outside,
inside the CPU.
The CPU is also responsible for activating
and controlling the operations of other nits of
computer system.
As one computer generation has evolved to
the next, the size of the CPU has become
smaller, while it’s speed and capacity has
increased tremendously.

24. The CPU has 2 main parts –
1] Control Unit
2] Arithmetic Logical Unit


The parts of the CPU are connected by an
electrical component referred to as a Bus,
which acts as an electronic highway between
them.
To temporarily store data and instructions,
the CPU has a special purpose storage device
called as Registers.

25. CONTROL UNIT

- Control Unit is one of the most important
subsystems in a computer
.
- It directs various subsystem/units to act in a desired
way.

- It co-ordinates and synchronizes their functioning.

- Control Unit executes instructions itself and tells
other parts of computer system about their working

- It determines the movement of electronic signals
between main memory and ALU, as well as control
the signals between CPU and input/output devices.

Components of Control Unit –
a) Instruction Register
b) Instruction Decoder
c) Control and Timing Unit

26. Thank
You
2]ARITHEMETIC LOGICAL UNIT
Also known as ALU.
This unit performs all the arithmetic and
logical functions like add, subtracts, multiplies,
divides and comparison.
Computer would not be able to do task
without ALU.
ALU controls speed of calculations to receive a
great deal of attention from computer engineers
trying to meet the needs of fast placed business
world.
Editing a digital photograph in an image
editing program, running a spelling checker in a
word processing program and burning a music
CD are all performed by ALU, with the help of
the FPU that work together to perform
necessary operations.