insect order.pdf

Insect Orders

1. 1

2. Thysanura
(Silverfish / Firebrats / Bristle tail)
Greek"thysano-"meaningfringed"ura"meaningtail.
Bodyrelativelyflat,tapered
andoftencoveredwithscales.
Compoundeyessmallor
absent.
Antennaelong,thread-like,
andmultisegmented.
Abdomenwithtencomplete
segments.
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3. Diplura
Double tail
The name Diplura, derived from the Greek words
"diplo-" meaning two and "ura" meaning tails.
•Thesesmall,eyelessarthropods.
•Theyhaveapairoflongbeaded
antennae(moniliform)onthehead.
•Apairofsegmentedsensory
structures(cerci).
•Long and slender, or forceps-like
in appearance .
•Tarsi one-segmented .
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4. Protura
Telsontail
The name Protura, derived from the Greek words "proto-"
meaning first (or original) and "ura" meaning tail.
Antennaeabsent.
Compoundeyesabsent.
Frontlegsdirectedforward(probably
sensoryinfunction).
Abdomenwith9-12complete
segments.
Cerciandabdominalfilaments
entirelyabsent.
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5. Collembola
(Springtails)
The name Collembola, derived from the Greek
"coll"meaning glue and "embol"meaning a wedge.
•Compound and simple eyes
are absent.
•FilliformAntennae present,
•Abdomen 6-segmented .
•Body frequently clothed
with scales .
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6. 6
Metabola

7. Ephemeroptera
(Mayflies)
AntennaeshortandSetaceous.
Fourtoninepairsofleaf-likeor
fan-likegillsalongthesidesofthe
abdomen.
Frontwingslarge,triangular
hindwingssmaller,fan-shaped
Threelongfilamentsatrearof
abdomen.
Greek "ephemera" meaning short-lived, "ptera"
meaning wings.
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8. Odonata
(Dragonflies and Damselflies)
Greek "odonto-", meaning tooth, refers to the
strong teeth found on the mandibles of most adults.
Antennae short ,Setaceous.
Compound eyes large.
Four membranous wings.
Chewing mouth part.
Legsareusedeitherasabasket
forcatchingpreyorasgrapples
forclingingtoemergent
vegetation.
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9. Plecoptera
(Stoneflies)
Greek "pleco" meaning folded and "ptera"meaning
wing, refers to the pleated hind wings.
•Antennae long, filiform.
•Front wings long and narrow.
•Body flattened.
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10. Grylloblattodea
(Rock Crawlers / Icebugs)
Greek"gryll"meaningcricketand"blatta"
meaningcockroach.
•Antennae slender, filiform.
•Mouthparts is chewing.
•Body cylindrical
•Tarsi 5-segmented .
•Secondarily wingless .
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11. Orthoptera
(Grasshoppers / Locusts Crickets / Katydids)
Greek "ortho" meaning straight and "ptera" meaning wing.
Slender, thickened front
wings fold back over the
abdomen to protect
membranous, hind wings.
Chewing mouthpart.
Hind leg is jumping leg.
Antennae filiform.
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12. Phasmida
(Walkingsticks/ Stick Insects / Leaf Insects)
Greek "phasm" meaning phantom.
•Antennae short filliform.
•Mouthparts is chewing.
•Body long, cylindrical.
•Mesoand meta thorax is
long in Stick insect while
broad in leaf insect.
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13. Dermaptera
(Earwigs)
Greek "derma"meaning skin and "ptera"meaning wings.
Activeatnight.
Chewingmouthpart.
Antennaeslender,longfilliform.
Forewingsshort,thick,veinless
andleathery.
Hindwingsmembranousand
foldedunderforewings.
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14. Embioptera
(Webspinners/ Embiids)
Greek "embio" meaning lively and "ptera" meaning wings.
Antennae slender, filiform.
Mouthparts is chewing.
Tarsi 3-segmented,bearing
silk glands .
Asymmetrical circi.
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15. Dictyoptera
The name Blattodeais derived from "blatta", the
Greek word for cockroach.
•Antennaeslender,filiform.
•Muchoftheheadandthoraxis
coveredandprotecteddorsallybya
largeplateofexoskeleton(the
pronotum).
•Legsadaptedforrunning.
•Frontwingsthickened;hindwings
membranous,pleated.
•Styluspresentat9segment.
(Cockroaches / Waterbugs/ Mentid)
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16. Isoptera
(Termites / White Ants)
Greek "iso" meaning equal and "ptera" meaning wings.
•Headlargeandcylindricalor
smallandround.
•Antennaelongmoniliform.
•Compoundeyespresent.
•Twopairsofmembranous
wings.
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17. Zoraptera
(Zorapterans/ Angel Insects)
Name, derived from the Greek "zor" meaning pure and
"aptera" meaning wingless.
•MoniliformAntennae9-
segmented.
•Mouthpartsischewing.
•Wingsoftenabsent,with
reducedvenationwhenpresent.
•Long stylus,short
unsegmentescirci.
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18. Psocoptera
Psocids/ Barklice/ Booklice
The name Psocopterais derived from the Greek "psokos"meaning
rubbed or gnawed and "ptera"meaning wings.
•Headprominent,withLonf
filiformantennae.
•Narrow"neck"betweenheadand
thorax.
•Twopairsofwings;somespecies
arewingless.
•Tarsi2-or3-segmented
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19. Mallophaga
Biting Lice / Bird lice / Chicken lice
•Chewingorbitingtype.
•Headisbroad.
•Antennaeshortfilliform;3-5
segmented.
•Clinginglegs.
•Eyesreducedorabsent
•Tarsi1-or2-segmented,most
specieshavetwosmallclaws.
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20. Siphonculata
Sucking Lice / Mammal Lice / Human Lice
•Headconical,withsuctorial
mouthparts
•Antennaeshortfilliform,3-to
5-segmented
•Eyesreducedorabsent
•Tarsiusually1-segmentedwith
asinglelargeclaw.
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21. Hemiptera
True Bugs
The name Heteroptera, derived from the Greek "hetero-
"meaning different and "ptera"meaning wings.
•LongfilliformAntennaewith4-5
segments.
•Proboscis3-4segmented,arising
fromfrontofhead.
•Tarsi2-or3-segmented.
•Circiabsent.
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22. Homoptera
Plant hoppers / Tree hoppers / /white fly / Aphid / Jasid
Short setaceous antenna.
Piercing sucking mouthpart.
Membranous or hard throughout
of forewings.
Circiabsent.
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23. Thysanoptera
Thrips
The name Thysanoptera, derived from the Greek
"thysanos"meaning fringe and "ptera"meaning wings.
•Antennaeshortmoniliform,6-10
segments.
•Bodycylindricalorspindle-shaped.
•Frontandhindwingsslender,rod-
like,withadensefringeoflong
hairs.Manyspeciesaresecondarily
wingless.
•Rodlikestripywings.
•Endofabdominaltubepresent
calledoviposter.
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24. Neuroptera
Lacewings / Antlions/ Dobsonflies/ Alderflies / Snakeflies
The name Neuropterais derived from the Greek word
"neuron"meaning sinew and "ptera"meaning wings.
•Antennaelongsetaceous.
•Chewingmouthparts.
•Frontandhindwingmembranous,
similarinsize.
•Extensivebranchingofvenationin
allwings.
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25. Coleoptera
Beetles / Weevils
The name Coleoptera, derived from the Greek words "koleos"
meaning sheath and "ptera"meaning wings.
Coleoptera(beetles and weevils) is the largest order in the class Insecta.
•Chewingmouthparts(sometimes
locatedatthetipofabeak).
•Frontwings(elytra)arehardand
serveascoversforthehindwings;
meetinalinedownthemiddleofthe
back.
•Hindwingslarge,membranous,
foldedbeneaththeelytra.
•Tarsi2-to5-segmented.
•Mostbeetleshaveahard,dense
exoskeleton.
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26. Strepsiptera
Twisted-wing parasites / Stylopids/ Strepsipterans
The name Strepsiptera, derived from the Greek "strepsi"meaning
turned or twisted and "ptera"meaning wings.
•Largefan-shapedhindwings;
smallclub-likefrontwings.
•Forewingformhaltere.
•Vestigialandchewing
mouthparts.
•Antennae4-to7-segmented;
oftenwithlateralbranching.
•Flabellateantenna.
•Protrudedeyes.
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27. Mecoptera
Scorpionflies/ Hangingflies
The name Mecoptera, derived from the Greek words
"meco"meaning long and "ptera"meaning wings.
•Headelongatewithslenderchewing
mouthparts.
•Frontandhindwingsnarrow,elongate,and
similarinsize;crossveinsnumerous.
•Tarsi5-segmented
•Malesofsomespecieshaveenlarged
externalgenitaliaheldrecurvedoverthe
abdomenlikeascorpion'stail.
•Raisedabdomen.
•Longnarrowsimilarwings
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28. Diptera
True Flies / Mosquitoes / Gnats / Midges
The name Diptera, derived from the Greek words "di"meaning
two and "ptera"meaning wings.
Antennaefiliform,stylate,or
aristate.
Mouthpartssuctorial.
Mesothoraxlargerthanpro-or
metathorax.
Onepairofwings(front);hind
wingsreduced(halteres).
Tarsi5-segmented.
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29. Siphonaptera
Fleas
The name Siphonapterais derived from the Greek words "siphon"
meaning a tube or pipe and "aptera"meaning wingless.
•Shortsetaceousantenna.
•Bodybilaterallyflattened
•Mouthpartspiercingsucking.
•Largebristles(ctenidia)often
presentonheadorthorax.
•Hindfemurenlarged,adapted
forjumping.
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30. Lepidoptera
Butterflies / Moths
The name Lepidoptera, derived from the Greek words "lepido"
for scale and "ptera"for wings.
Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) is the
second largest order in the class Insecta.
•Mouthparts form a coiled tube (proboscis)
beneath the head.
•Antennal type:
Butterflies: Clavate
Moths: thread-like, spindle-shaped, or
comb-like
•Front wings large, triangular; hind wings
large, fan-shaped.
•Body and wings covered with small,
overlapping scales. 30

31. Trichoptera
Caddisflies
The name Trichoptera, derived from the Greek words "trichos"
meaning hair and "ptera"meaning wings.
Setaceousantennae.
Mouthpartsreducedor
vestigal.
Twopairsofwingsclothed
withlonghairs.
Wingsheldtent-likeover
theabdomen.
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32. Hymenoptera
Ants / Wasps / Bees / Sawflies / Horntails
The name Hymenoptera is derived from the Greek words
"hymen"meaning membrane and "ptera"meaning wings.
•Chewingmouthparts-exceptinbees
wheremaxillaeandlabiumforma
proboscisforcollectingnectar.
•Compoundeyeswelldeveloped.
•Tarsiusually5-segmented.
•Triangularstigmainfrontwings.
•Hindwingssmallerthanfrontwings.
•Geniculateantenna.
•Sucking/Licking/Chewingmouthpart.
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