Instruct Nirmaana 24-Smart and Lean Construction Through Technology.pdf

Smart and Lean Construction Through Futuristic Technology

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Curtain Raiser Lecture Series# 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
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Theme:-Smart Sustainable construction
Topic:-Smart and Lean Construction Through
Technology
By-Er. Sonali Shreyas Nasikkar
Disclaimer: Music & All images used in this presentation are only for illustration purpose. Credit goes to the original
owners
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Curtain Raiser Lecture Series# 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
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Introduction to Innovative Technologies in Construction
Presentation Outline:
1.Present scenario of developments
2.Need of time
3.Innovative technologies and their benefits
4.Concept of Smart Sustainability
5.Relation between Innovative techniques
and smart sustainable construction
6.Power of Operational Excellence in
Construction
7.Lean Construction principles and methods
8.Case studies
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Present scenario of development in Construction
1.Increased demand of buildings and infra
2.Time crunch
3.Focus on Time ,Cost, Quality
4.Need and Inventions
5.Vision and Mission of Organizations-Commitments matters
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Sustainable developments, Green material use,
Lean construction, CSR, Advance technologies
Need is the Mother of Inventions !

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Sustainable development can be defined as development that meets
the Environmental, Social and Economic needs of the present without
compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
•Sustainable thinking
•Sustainable lifestyle
•Sustainable Practices
•Sustainable Development
What is Sustainability for you ?
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Introduction to Innovative Technologies in Construction
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The construction industry is undergoing a profound transformation, driven by the rapid advancements in
innovative technologies. From Building Information Modeling (BIM) to Prefabrication, 3DCP and
Automation, these new tools are revolutionizing the way we Design, Build, and Maintain our built
environment.
•
This Curtain Raiser will provide an overview of the key innovative technologies that are reshaping the
construction industry, setting the stage for a deeper exploration of their applications and impacts
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Innovative technologies are ushering in a new era of increased Efficiency,enhanced Collaboration, and
greater Sustainabilityin construction projects.
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By leveraging the power of Data, Automation, and Advanced Materials , Construction Professionals can
streamline processes, improve project outcomes, and reduce the Environmental footprint of their work.
•
This introduction will highlight the most significant innovations that are driving this transformation,
setting the scene for the detailed discussions to follow at Instruct Nirmaana2024 .
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BIM (Building Information Modeling)
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a revolutionary technology that is transforming the
construction industry.
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BIM is a digital representation of a building or infrastructure project, encompassing all its
physical andfunctional characteristics.
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This comprehensive 3D model serves as a shared knowledge resource, allowing for enhanced
collaboration, improved decision-making, and more efficient project delivery.
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At the heart of BIM is the creation of a centralized, intelligent, and data-rich model that can
be accessed and updated by all project stakeholders throughout the Design, Construction,
and Operational phases.
•
This model-based approach enables construction professionals to visualize the entire project,
detect potential issues, and make informed decisions before physical construction begins.
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By frontloading the design and planning process, BIM helps to mitigate risks, reduce costly
rework, and ensure a more streamlined construction workflow.
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BIM
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Beyond its visual capabilities, BIM also serves as a powerful
data management tool.
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The model contains detailed information about the project's
materials, systems, and components, allowing for accurate
cost estimating, schedule planning, and asset
management.
•
This data-driven approach facilitates greater transparency,
improves project coordination, and enables the use of
emerging technologies like augmented Reality, Robotics, and
Predictive Maintenance.
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8. Prefabrication and Modular Construction
Sustainability and Cost-Effectiveness
•The inherent efficiencies of prefabrication and modular construction translate
to significant CostSavings and Enhanced Sustainability.
•By minimizing material Waste, reducing on-site Labor, and streamlining the
overall construction process, these techniques help construction firms achieve
substantial reductions in both project costs and environmental impact.
•Additionally, the ability to leverage advanced materials and technologies in
the controlled factory setting further enhances the eco-friendly and cost-
effective nature of prefabricated and modular construction.
Curtain Raiser Lecture Series# 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
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Streamlined Production
•Prefabrication and modular construction techniques revolutionize
the building process by allowing for the off-site manufacturing of
standardized components and modules.
•This approach enables a more efficient and controlled production
environment, where elements are constructed in a factory setting
with precise Qualitycontrol and optimized workflow.
•By shifting a significant portion of the work off-site, construction
teams can Minimizeon-site disruptions, Reduce waste, and
accelerate the overall project timeline.
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Introduction to Innovative Technologies in Construction-Robotics
and Automation (Jidoka)
Increased Productivity
•Robotics and automation are revolutionizing the
construction industry by dramatically increasing
productivity and efficiency.
•Using advanced machinery, sensors, and control
systems, construction tasks that were once labor-
intensive and time-consuming can now be executed with
greater speed, precision, and consistency.
•From autonomous heavy equipment to automated
material handling systems, these technologies are
enabling construction teams to complete projects faster,
reduce downtime, and optimize workflow to an
unprecedented degree.
Enhanced Safety
•By automating hazardous or repetitive tasks, these
technologies can remove human workers from
dangerous environments, reducing the risk of injuries,
accidents, and fatalities.
•This not only protects the well-being of construction
personnel but also helps construction firms minimize
costly downtime and comply with increasingly
stringent safety regulations.
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Improved Precision
•Precision and Accuracy to construction that is
unattainable by manual labor alone.
•Using advanced sensors, computer-controlled
systems, and sophisticated software,
construction robots can perform tasks with
micron-level tolerances, ensuring thehighest
levels of quality and consistency.
•This precision translates to reduced rework,
tighter tolerances,and the ability to execute
complex architectural designs with unparalleled
fidelity.
Cost Savings & Operational Excellence
•Significant cost savings for construction firms.
•By streamlining processes, reducing labor requirements,
and minimizing waste and errors, these technologies
help to lower overall project expenses.
•Additionally, the long-term maintenance and
operational costs of automated systems can be more
predictable and manageable than the fluctuating costs
associated with human labor.
•As the technology continues to evolve and become more
accessible, the financial benefits of embracing robotics
and automation in construction will only continue to
grow.
Introduction to Innovative Technologies in Construction-Robotics
and Automation (Jidoka) and AI
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Introduction to Innovative Technologies in Construction
Examples-Robotics arms, also called articulated robots
Their main tasks include 3DCP, welding, handling
materials, thermal spraying, painting, drilling,
excavation and waste separation process
Using AI- Augmented reality, Visual reality
3DCP
•Beyond its design capabilities, 3D concrete printing also
delivers significant benefits in terms of material efficiency
and sustainability.
•By minimizing material waste and optimizing the use of
concrete, this technology reduces the environmental impact
of construction projects, aligning with the industry's growing
focus on green building practices.
•3D print on-site or in centralized production facilities further
enhances the logistical and cost-saving advantages of this
innovative approach.
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12. Curtain Raiser Lecture Series# 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
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Oreo,Zubin, OkiBOETH
Zurich,Hilti-developed
Robo for plaster work,
Painting work, Drill
work with great finish,
Accuracy and Quality
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Introduction to Innovative Technologies in Construction
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Transformative shift
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Unprecedented levels of design flexibility, cost-efficiency, and
sustainability.
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Ability to create complex, customized structures without the
need for traditional formwork or molds. By leveraging
advanced robotic systems and specialized concrete mixtures,
construction teams can 3D print intricate architectural
elements, load-bearing walls, and even entire buildings layer
by layer.
•
This unprecedented freedom of design allows for the
creation of organic, sculptural forms that push the
boundaries of what is possible in construction.(Biophilic
designs)
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14. Curtain Raiser Lecture Series# 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
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India’s first 3DCP –post office building at
Bengaluru by L&T
Ashwin Sheth Group-3DCP Home
IIT-M Tvasta3DCP in Chennai
Amaze 28 at Kerala by Tvasta
Indian Army HQ
Micob
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15. AI in construction -Market
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Source: Global Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Construction Market
Curtain Raiser Lecture Series# 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
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16. AI in construction
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Curtain Raiser Lecture Series # 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
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Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) are revolutionizing the construction industry by
offering innovative solutions to various challenges. Here are some of the key ways AR and VR are
being utilized in construction:
1.Design and Visualization: it allow architects, engineers, and clients to visualize projects in 3D before
construction begins,
2.Virtual Prototyping: creation of virtual prototypes of buildings and structures, allowing designers and
engineers to test different design iterations and simulate real-world scenarios. This helps identify potential
design flaws, optimize building performance, and reduce the risk of costly errors during construction.
3.Construction Planning and Coordination: AR and VR can be used to enhance construction planning and
coordination by overlaying digital models onto physical construction sites.
4.Safety Training and Simulation: VR is used to create realistic simulations of construction sites and hazardous
scenarios, allowing workers to undergo safety training in a controlled environment, improving safety
awareness, reduce accidents, and ensure compliance with safety regulations.
5.Remote Collaboration: AR and VR platforms facilitate remote collaboration among project stakeholders,
allowing team members to interact and collaborate in virtual environments regardless of their physical
location.
6.Client Presentations and Marketing: AR and VR can be used to create immersive presentations and
marketing materials for clients, allowing them to explore virtual models of projects and experience them in a
realistic way.
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Introduction to Innovative Technologies in Construction-Drone
Aerial Inspections
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inspect and monitor structures.
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These unmanned aerial vehicles (UMAV) can access
hard-to-reach areas,
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capturing high-resolution imagery and video that
provides detailed insights into the condition of
buildings, bridges, and other infrastructure.
•
By combining with powerful data analysis,
construction teams can identify potential issues,
prioritize Maintenance, and ensure the Safety and
Integrity of critical assets.
Sensor Integration
•
can be equipped with a variety of sensors,
including thermal cameras, LiDAR scanners,
andvibration sensors.
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By integrating these advanced monitoring
capabilities, drones can collect data of -
temperature fluctuations, structural
deformations, andvibration patterns.
•
to develop predictivemaintenance
strategies,
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anticipate potential failures, &make informed
decisions to extend the lifespan of their built
assets.
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Introduction to Innovative Technologies in Construction
Automated
Inspections
Usage of Drone with technology-
•Structural Inspection
•Forensic investigation /analysis
•Façade monitoring /inspection
•NDT of structure
•Leakage detection
BIM Integration
Integrating drone-collected data with BIM enables
construction professionals to create a comprehensive
Digital twin of their physical assets.
By overlaying Real-time Drone imagery and Sensor Data
onto the BIM model, teams can gain a deeper
understanding of a structure's condition, identify areas of
concern, and make more informed decisions about
Maintenance, Repairs, and future renovations.
This seamless integration of drone technology and BIM
revolutionizes the way construction firms manage their
built environment throughout the entire lifecycle.
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Sustainable Construction Materials
Eco-Friendly Materials
The construction industry is embracing a new wave of sustainable
building materials that are redefining the way we construct our built
environment. From renewable resources like bamboo and hemp to
recycled and repurposed materials, these innovative solutions are
reducing the environmental impact of construction projects while
offering superior performance and aesthetics. By incorporating these
eco-friendly alternatives, construction firms can play a pivotal role in
promoting a more sustainable future.
Green material directory of CII-IGBC can be referred for use.
Mass Timber Construction
One of the most exciting advancements in sustainable
construction materials is the rise of mass timber technologies.
Engineered wood products like Cross-laminated timber (CLT)
and Glue-laminated timber (Glulam) offer incredible strength
and durability, while sequestering carbon and reducing the
embodied energy of buildings.
These renewable materials are transforming the way we
approach multi-story and large-scale construction, enabling the
creation of low-carbon structures that are both environmentally
responsible and aesthetically pleasing.
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Recycled Plastics-Best from Waste
•The construction industry is also finding innovative ways to
upcycle and repurpose waste materials, including plastics.
•By incorporating recycled plastic into building products like
Bricks/blocks, Tiles, Pavers and insulation, gardenPlanters and
Flexible pavements
construction firms can divert millions of tons of plastic from landfills
and oceans, while providing high-performance and cost-effective
alternatives to traditional materials. This circular approach not only
reduces waste but also helps to address the global plastic pollution
crisis, making it a true win-win for the environment and the
industry.
Biobased Materials
In addition to recycled and engineered materials, the construction
industry is also embracing biobased solutions derived from natural,
renewable sources. From mycelium-based insulation to hemp-
based concrete, these innovative materials harness the power of
nature to create high-performing, low-impact building products. By
leveraging the inherent properties of these biobased materials,
construction firms can construct buildings that are not only
sustainable but also actively contribute to carbon sequestration
and the regeneration of natural ecosystems.
Sustainable Construction Materials
Green material directory of CII-IGBC can be referred for use.
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Agenda 2030
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Introducing the New Combination in
this Curtain Raiser Session today
“Sustainable = Smart”
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The concept of Smart Sustainability
•Important Roles of civil engineers
and construction industry in
developments-
•What is your take?
•What are your actions?
•Does it cost you extra?
•What can be line of action ?
•Plan Do Check Act (PDCA)
•Quality Principles
•What is Quality for us?
•How to achieve quality in
construction ?
•Operational Excellence practices
•Six Sigma
•Lean Sigma
•Lean construction
•Green Principles
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SDG-5P
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Sustainable Development Goals(SDG)-
total 17 points.
Although all goalssare equally important
and achievable.
For construction Industry we shall
commit to
•SDG 6: clean water and sanitation
•SDG 7: affordable and clean energy
•SDG 9 : industry, innovation and
infrastructure
•SDG 11: sustainable cities and
communities
•SDG 12: responsible consumption and
production
•SDG 13: climate action
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The four pillars/principles of
sustainability -Social, Environmental,
Economic, and Cultural Sustainability.
Six Sigma + Lean tools combo = Lean Six
Sigma
=Lean construction
Lean and Green
Construction = Smart
& Sustainable
Construction
+ Green Principles=Lean &
Green Construction
Sustainable construction is
the use of renewableand
recyclable materials in
construction to reduce
energy consumption and
wastage.
Here starts the role of Lean
tools
Sustainable construction
primarily exists to minimize
the impact of construction
on the environment.
Here starts the role of QHSE
There are 7 principles of Sustainable
Construction:-
1) Design.
2) Durability.
3) Energy efficiency.
4) Waste Reduction.
5) Indoor air quality.
6) Water conservation.
7) Building materials.
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27. Case Studies and Best Practices-Bricks/Blocks/Pavers /Planters from wastes
Rhino-leading
company of India for
Sustainable
Construction Materials
70%-80% Waste
Sand/Dust &
20% -30% Waste Plastic
Curtain Raiser Lecture Series# 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
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Case Studies and Best Practices-Flexible pavement with Plastic waste

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International standards supporting Sustainability in construction industry
ISO StandardSustainability Components
ISO 9001 :2015 (QMS);
ISO 31000:2018 (RMS);
ISO 31010 (Risk Assessment
tech);
ISO Guide 73 (RM Vocabulary)
Business Sustainability
ISO 14001:2015 (EMS),
ISO 50001:2018 (EnMS)
Environmental Sustainability
ISO 26000 :2010(Social
responsibility);
ISO 45001:2018 (OHSMS)
ISO 20400:2017
ISO 37101:2016
ISO 37001:2016 (ABMS)
Social Responsibility (OH&S)
Sustainable procurement
Sustainable development in
communities
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Diving deep into ISO 14000 family
ISO 14064 and ISO 14065 are two
international standards that address
greenhouse gasses.
ISO 14064provides a framework for
organizations to measure greenhouse
gasses emissions; however, ISO 14065
specifies requirements for
organizations that verify resulting
greenhouse gasses emission claims.
International standards supporting Sustainability in construction industry
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ISO 20121 specifies requirements for Event
Sustainability Management Systems for any
type of event or event-related activity and
provides guidance for event organizers to
Establish, Implement, Maintain and Improve
an event sustainability management system by
addressing the management of improved
sustainability throughout the entire event
management cycle.
International standards supporting Sustainability in construction industry
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Power of Operational Excellence in Construction
What is Lean construction ?
It is a project delivery approach focused on maximizing value
and minimizing waste throughout the construction process
Few Benefits of lean are-
1.Increased productivity
2.Enhanced Quality and Safety
3.Cost savings
4. Waste minimization
5.Collaborative works –teams and stake holders, customer
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Power of Operational Excellence in ConstructionJourney Towards Excellence….
•Lean Sigma
•Hoshin Kanri
•5S
•Mistake proofing/Pokayoke
•Gemba
•Wastages removal
•Jidoka/Automation
•Continuous improvement
•Six Sigma
•Define-Measure-Analyse-Improve-Control
•Define-Measure-Analyse-Design-Verify
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12 Aims of Sustainable Development
Are you committed to sustainable developments?
What are your initiatives ?
How many of these 12 aims you are Planning to achieve?
First time in our Construction industry we are combining
Sustainability with Six Sigma and Lean Sigma technologies
1.Resource efficiency -5S, JIT, Waste minimization, Poka yoke,
Kaizen
2.Environmental Purity –Hoshin,5S
3.Local prosperity-Hoshin
4.Employment Quality-Hoshin, Gemba
5.Community wellbeing-Hoshin, Gemba
6.Local control-PESTEL, RCA, Kaizen
7.Visible fulfilments-Hoshin , Poka yoke
8.Economic visibility-Hoshin ,Kaizen
9.Cultural Richness-Hoshin ,Kaizen
10.Biological diversity -Hoshin
11.Social equity-Hoshin,5S
12.Physical integrity-Hoshin , Poka yoke, Gemba, Kaizen
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Power of Operational Excellence in Construction-Principles of Lean construction
Continuous Improvement
•Streamline processes,
•Eliminatewaste,
•Enhancevalue delivery.
•This mindset encourages a never-ending
cycle of learning and optimization.
Waste Elimination
•Identifyand Eliminateall forms of Waste,
including Overproduction, Waiting,
Transportation, inventory, Motion, Over-
processing, and Defects.
•By removing these inefficiencies, teams can
improve ProductivityandReduce Costs.
Customer-Centric Focus
•At the heart of lean construction is a deep
understanding of customer needs and
requirements.
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36. 36
•Sorting of
Activities
•Materials
•Priority
matrix
•Set in order
•Straightening
•Grouping
•Labelling
•Storage
•Shining
•Maintenance
•Records
•Housekeeping
•Standardize
•Checklists
•SOP
•Audits
•Sustain the
betterment
•Continuous
improvements
•Audits
•Making
Quality our
habit
Lean Construction tool-5S
Curtain Raiser Lecture Series# 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
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37. Mistake proofing (Pokayoke)-Principles
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Curtain Raiser Lecture Series# 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
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38. Errors/ Mistakes …?
•Construction activities
•Labour work
•Design changes
•Changes in Resources-
material, machines,
methods, management,
manpower(contractor/sub
con-teams, labours)
•Wastages of resources
•Human Error
•Machine Error
•System Error
•wastes
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Focus

39. Categories of human errors & their controls
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Curtain Raiser Lecture Series# 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
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40. Why Human error happens?
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41. Handling Human Error in construction
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42. System implementation, Automation Trained, competent teams
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Power of Operational Excellence in Construction-Change Management
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44. There is a lot of waste in construction thus a big opportunity to improve. Following wastes have been
identified in construction:
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•Multiple handling of material
•Excess material
•Waiting on supplies
•Waiting on another trade
•Safety losses
•Improper sequencing of work
•Rework
•Requests for Information
•Change orders
•Inadequate Resources
•Inefficient work flow
•Work arounds
Kaizen in construction
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45. Cost of Poor Quality of Construction
Internal Failures –Costs associated with defects /non conformances found before the product or service reaches
thecustomer. Internal Failures may include, but are not limited to, the following examples:
•Excessive Scrap
•Re-work
•Waste due to poorly designed processes
•Machine breakdown due to improper maintenance
•Costs associated with failure analysis.
External Failures –Costs associated with defects found after the customer receives the product or
•service. External Failures may include, but are not limited to, the following examples:
•Service and Repair Costs
•WarrantyClaims
•Customer Complaints
•Product or Material Returns
•Incorrect Sales Orders
•Shipping Damage due to Inadequate Packaging
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46. Cost of Good Quality of construction
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•Appraisal costs : The costs associated
withmeasuring, evaluating, or auditing products
orservices to assure conformance to quality
standardsand performance requirements. Some
of theexamples are :
•Audits
•Document / Drawing / Proposal checking
•Equipment calibration
•Inspection : Receiving Inspection, In-
process,Outgoing Inspection , Prototype Inspection
•Laboratory testing
•Procedure checking
•Prototype inspection
•Shipping inspection
•Prevention costs : The costs of
activitiesspecifically designed to prevent
poor quality inproducts or services. Some
of the examples are :
•Establishing Product Specifications
•Quality Planning
•feasibility studies
•New channel Development and Testing
•Development of a QMS
•Proper Employee Training
•Reviews : Design / Quality/ Procedures
•Prototype testing/Mockups
•Quality design
•Equipment maintenance
•Field testing
•Fixture design and fabrication
•Servicing
•
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47. Case Studies and Best Practices
Sutter Medical Center
By implementing lean construction techniques, the Sutter Medical Center project
team was able to reduce construction time by 25% and lower project costs by 15%.Denver International Airport
The Denver International Airport terminal expansion project utilized lean
construction principles to streamline workflows, increase productivity, and deliver
the project ahead of schedule.
Skanska UK
Skanska UK, a leading construction company, has successfully integrated lean
construction practices across its projects, leading to improved safety, reduced
waste, and enhanced customer satisfaction.
Curtain Raiser Lecture Series# 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
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48. The Future of Lean Construction
Increased Digitalization
The integration of advanced technologies,
such as BIM, drones, and IoT, AI will further
enhance the capabilities of lean
construction, enabling real-time data-driven
decision-making and optimization.
Sustainability Focus
Lean construction principles will play a crucial
role in driving sustainable construction
practices, reducing resource consumption,
waste, and environmental impact.
Collaborative Partnerships
Stronger collaboration and integration among
construction stakeholders, including clients,
designers, contractors, and suppliers, will be
essential for the successful implementation of lean
construction.
As the construction industry continues to evolve, the principles of lean construction are poised to play an increasingly important role in
shaping the future of the industry, driving greater efficiency, sustainability, and innovation.
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May 2024, Wednesday

49. Type
Curtain Raiser Lecture Series# 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
15
th
May 2024, Wednesday
Mission 2030 …….Let us all take a Pledge for Sustainable Construction
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As we gather here today, united by our shared vision for smart and sustainable construction, let us commit ourselves
to the following pledge:
“I pledge to prioritize the use of Renewable Resources, Reduce Waste, and Minimize Carbon Emissions in all
construction projects under my purview. I will advocate for Green building Practices, promote Energy efficiency, and
embrace Sustainable Design Principles in every aspect of my workduring this journey towards a sustainable future.
Together, let us build not just structures, but legacies. Let us construct not just buildings, but communities.
Let us shape not just the present, but the future. This is our pledge, and together, we will make it a reality."

50. Type
Curtain Raiser Lecture Series# 1 Topic: Smart and Lean Construction through Technology
15
th
May 2024, Wednesday
50