integrated farming system and its importnce.ppt

Recycling and utilization of other available resources in the farm
Maximum possible return and Profitability
Create adequate employment opportunities
Increased productivity
Potentiality or Sustainability
Balanced Food
Environmental Safety
Adoption of New Technology
Saving Energy
Meeting Fodder crisis
Solving Fuel and Timber Crisis
Agro – industries
Increasing Input Efficiency

1. INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEMS (IFS)

2. FLOW OF SEMINAR
Problems of present agriculture
Introduction
Definition of IFS
Why we need IFS?
Importance of IFS
Objectives of IFS
Scope of IFS
Goals of IFS
Ideal situations for introduction to IFS
Factors determining types of IFS
Components of IFS
IFS for different agro-climatic zones
Integrated Farming Systems for Agricultural Diversification, Enhanced Income and
Employment
Assistance under National Mission forsustainable agriculture
Success stories of IFS
Advantages of IFS
Limitations of IFS
Future Thrust
Conclusion

3. Decline in agricultural productivity rate
Static or decline in food production
Increasing malnutrition
Shrinkage in net cultivable area
Increasing environmental pollution
Depleting ground water table
Increasing cost of production
Low farm income
WHATS THE SOLUTION ?
“INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM”
PROBLEMS OF PRESENT AGRICULTURE

4. INTRODUCTION
“Farming”isaprocessofharnessingsolarenergyinformofeconomic
plantandanimalproducts.“System”anarrangementofcomponentsor
partsthatareinterrelatedandinteractaccordingtosomeprocessand
transformsinputsintooutput.
“Farmingsystem”→Afarmingsystemistheresultofcomplex
interactionsamonganumberofinter-dependententerprises/components,
whereanindividualfarmerallocatescertainquantitiesandqualitiesof
fourfactorsofproduction,namelyland,labour,capitalandmanagement
towhichhehasaccess.
Theendproductsandwastesofoneenterpriseareusedasinputsin
others.Eg:Thewastesofdairylikedung,urine,refuseetc,areusedfor
thepreparationoffarmyardmanure,whichisaninputincropping
systems.Thestrawobtainedfromthecropisusedasfodderforcattle.
Thecattleareusedfordifferentfieldoperationsforgrowingcrops.Thus,
differententerpriseoffarmingsystemarehighlyinterrelated.

5. DEFINITION OF INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM
Integratedfarmingsystemisthescientificintegrationofdifferent
independentandinteractingfarmenterprisesfortheefficientuse
ofland,labourandotherresourcesofafarm,whichprovidesyear
roundincometothefarmersspeciallylocatedinthehandicapped
zone.
Itrepresentsintegrationoffarmenterprisessuchascropping
system,animalhusbandry,Fisheries,forestryetc.These
enterprisesareinterrelatedandinteractingamongthemselves.

8. WHY WE NEED IFS?
India’s
population
crossing
1.2 billion -
ensuring
food
security
Need 260-264
million tonnes of
food grains by
2030.
130-152 MT milk
151-193 MT vegetables
84-106 MT fruits
10-14 MT meat
550 MT edible oil -1.3
billion people
Increased
total
productivity
per unit area
in a specified
time
Divyaet al., 2008

9. IMPORTANCE OF IFS
Recyclingandutilizationofotheravailableresourcesinthefarm
MaximumpossiblereturnandProfitability
Createadequateemploymentopportunities
Increasedproductivity
PotentialityorSustainability
BalancedFood
EnvironmentalSafety
AdoptionofNewTechnology
SavingEnergy
MeetingFoddercrisis
SolvingFuelandTimberCrisis
Agro–industries
IncreasingInputEfficiency

10. OBJECTIVES OFIFS
1.Toidentifyexistingfarmingsystemsinspecificareas&
accesstheirrelativeviability.
2.Toformulatefarmingsystemmodelinvolvingmain&allied
enterprisesfordifferentfarmingsituations.
3.Toensureoptionalutilizationandconservationofavailable
resources.
4.Effectiverecyclingoffarmresidueswithinsystem.
5.Maintainsustainableproductionwithoutdamaging
environment.
6.Toraiseoverallprofitabilityoffarmhouseholdby
complementingmainalliedenterpriseswitheachother.

11. SCOPE OF IFS
Farmingenterprisesincludecrop,livestock,poultry,fish,
tree,sericultureetc.
Acombinationofoneormoreenterpriseswithcropping
whencarefullychosen,plannedandexecutedgivesgreater
returnsthanasingleenterprise,especiallyforsmalland
marginalfarmers.
Farmasaunitistobeconsideredandplannedfor
effectiveintegrationoftheenterprisestobecombined
withcropproductionactivity.

12. GOALSOFIFS
1.
•Maximization of yield of all component enterprises to
provide steady & stable income.
2.
•Rejuvenation of systems productivity & achieve agro-
ecological equilibrium.
3.
•Avoid build up of insect pests, diseases & weed
population through natural cropping system & keep
them at low level of intensity.
4.
•Reducing use of chemicals, pesticides.

13. IDEALSITUATIONSFORINTRODUCTION OFIFS
Thefarmerwishestoimprovethesoilquality.
Thefarmhouseholdisstrugglingtobuyfoodorbelowthepovertyline.
Waterisstoredon-far,inpondsorriver-chargedoverflowareas.
Soilsalinityhasincreasedasaresultofinorganicfertilizeruse.
Thefarmerisseekingtomaximizeprofitsonexistingholding.
Thefarmisbeingerodedbywindorwater.
Thefarmerislookingtoreducechemicalcontrolmethods.
Thefarmerwantstoreducepollutionorwastedisposalcosts.

14. Integration of Farm Enterprises Depends on Many
Factors Such as:
Soil and climatic features of the selected area.
Availability of the resources, land, labour and Capital.
Present level of utilization of resources.
Economics of proposed integrated farming system.
Managerial skill of farmer.

15. FACTORS DETERMINING TYPE OF FARMING
Physical factors (Climate, soil, topography)
Economic factor
oMarketing cost
oLabour availability
oConsumer demand
oPrevalent pest and disease
Social factor (type of community, easy transport,
marketing facilities)
Environment(availability of resources and components)

16. 1.Field crops.
2.Vegetables.
3.Fruit cultivation.
4.Livestock Integration.
5.Poultry Farming.
6.Duckery.
7.Beekeeping
8.Agro forestry.
9.Fishery
10.Mushroom cultivation.
11.Biogas plant.
12.Integrated Quail farming
13.Integrated Turkey farming
14.Integrated Pigeon farming
15.Integrated Rabbit farming
16.Integrated Piggery farming
COMPONENTS OF IFS

17. Fieldcropslikerice,wheat,maize,sorghum;pulsesand
cashcropslikesugarcane,tobacco,jute,etc.aregrown.
Cropproductionconstitutesasizeableportionoffarm
incomefollowedbylivestockandagrohorticulture
system.Ashortdurationlegumesuchasmungbeanand
beanorcowpeacanbeplantedwithminimumtillage
andirrigationtomaximizetheeconomicreturnandalso
improvesthenutritionofthefarmer’sfamily.
TheincomefromthisunitmaybeuptoRs.1.80/rupee
invested.
1. Crop Production

18. Vegetablesformaveryimportantcomponentspeciallyfor
marginalFarmerstoprovideincomeatfrequentshort
intervalsroundtheyear.Cashcropsliketomato,brinjal,
Colecrops,gourds,melons,pumpkinetc.couldbegrown.
TheincomefromthisunitmaybeRs.1.60/rupeeinvested.
Fruitplantslikecoconut,banana,etcmaybeplantedby
smallfarmersinasystematicmanner.Multistoried
croppingbytakingcoconut,banana,pineappleand
ginger/turmericcanbepracticedwhichalsoimprovesthe
nutritionofthefarmer’sfamily..Thereturnsperrupee
investedmaygobeyondRs.2.50/rupeeinvested.
2. Vegetables
3. Fruit Cultivation

19. Crop-livestockintegrationisoldagepracticeof
Indianfarmers.Inpresentcontext,crop–livestock
integrationmustconsidercontinuingneedofgrowing
familysizeofsmallfarmers.Smallfarmmustadopta
croppingsystemthatsupportareasonablenumberof
animalsthatprovidesorganicnutrientforgrowthand
addtotheincomeofsmallfarmers.
4. Livestock Integration

20. Poultrydroppingandwaste
foodwouldbedirectly
availabletotheheavily
stockedfishesinpond
throughperforationscreated
ontheplatform.RhodeIsland
&WhiteLeghornbreedare
suitableforthispurpose.The
profitperlayerbird/yearis
Rs.26.56.
5. Poultry farming

21. Ducksarepreferredtocontinuewithfish
farming.Theirmeatisindemandandtheir
excretaserveasaneffectivepondfertilizer.
Duckexcretaindirectlyutilizedbyfish.The
Indianrunnerduckisreportedtoproduce
45-55kgofexcretainayear.
Thisisaverygoodsupplementaryenterpriseinafarming
system.Investmentrequiredislow.IndianspeciesApisindica
yield1.5kghoney/box/collectionwith4collectionperyear,
whereItalianspeciesApismelliferayield10timesmorei.e,15
kg/collection.Theboxescanbemaintainedfor5yearsduring
whichprofitfromcountrybreedwillbeRs.1238/boxandfor
ItalianbreedRs.5831/box.
6. Duckery
7. Beekeeping

22. 8. Agroforestry
Agro forestry is a system where woody and non-
woody interacting plant combinations are carried
out for achieving certain objectives like:
(1)conservation of soil and water.
(2)recycling of nutrients.
(3)maintenance of organic matter and some
important physical properties of soil.
(4)sustained crop productivity.
FueltreeslikeAcacia,subaboolandeucalyptusetc.canbeplantedto
meetthefuelandforagerequirementoffarmfamilyandcattle
respectively.

23. Rainfall-flattopography-lowland
Integratedaquaculturesystem
Traditionalmanagement-300-400kgfish/ha
Composite-fishculture5000-7500fingerlings/ha
AdvantagesofIntegratedFishFarming
Artificialbalancedecosystemwithnowaste
Increasedfoodsupply
Moreemployment-economicefficiency
9. Fishery

24. 10. Mushroom Cultivation
Itisagoodsupplementaryenterpriseinfarming
systemwhichprovidesengagementoffarmwomenand
children.Thereisagooddemandofthisproductinthe
marketandItcanalsobeconsumedbythefarmfamily
asadeliciousdish.Dhingrimushroominwinterseason
andpaddystrawmushroominrainyseasoninaddition
towhitemilkmushroomcouldbegrownsuccessfully.

25. Renewablesourceofenergy
Biologicaldecomposition
Cheaper&betterfuel
Optimizetheuseofchemical
fertilizer
Solidsarerecovered–Tanks
Effluent-proteinrichfeedfor
animals(fish)
10. Biogas Plant

26. 12.Integrated Quail farming
•Less space -better returns.
•Adults weight 250 to 300 g -Egg & meat.
•The life cycle very short..
12.Integrated Turkey farming
•White meat -western countries.
•Turkey farming is practiced experimentally –Haryana, Hisar university of
agricultural sciences, Bangalore & Rajasthan college of Agriculture.
•Difficult –replacing chickens -high cost.
•A study conducted at HAU, Hisar -production price of live weight of turkey 15
times higher than chicken broilers.

27. 14. Integrated Pigeon Farming
 Domestic pigeon –meat
 Females are smaller than male
15. Integrated Rabbit Farming
Easilyreared-veryhighreproductionrates
Meat-purewhite-lowinfatandcholesterol
Meatandwool

28. 16. Integrated Piggery Farming
Crop+Piggery
•Productionofpork
•Feedwithnon–ediblefeeds,forages
•Subsidiaryactivity
•Moreincome
•Pigmanure-biogasmanufacture

29. IFS FOR DIFFERENT AGRO -CLIMATIC ZONES
(INDIA)
1.High Altitude Cold Desert
Pasture + forestry + goats + rabbits + crops like
millets, wheat, barley, fodder crops
2. Arid & Desert Region
AH with camels + sheep + goat + crops like bajra,
wheat, pulses, gram, & fodder crops
3. Western & Central Himalayas
Horticrops+ agrion hill & slopes like maize, rice
pulses and fodder crops

30. 4. Eastern Himalayas
Rice + millets + pulses + agroforestry system + piggery +
poultry
5. Indo-gangeticPlains
Crop husbandary+ rice + wheat + maize + mustard
pulses + dairy + cattle + buffaloes
6. Central & Southern Highlands
Cotton-sorghum + millets pulses + dairy + cattle +
sheep + goats + poultry
7.Western Ghat
Plantation crops + rice + pulses + cattle + sheep + goats
8.Delta & Coastal Plains
Rice + fish culture + poultry + piggery

31. INTEGRATEDFARMINGSYSTEMSFOR
AGRICULTURALDIVERSIFICATION, ENHANCED
INCOMEANDEMPLOYMENT
Realizingtheimportanceofintegratedfarmingsystems,IndianCouncilof
AgriculturalResearch(ICAR)revisedthemandateofProjectDirectorate
forCroppingSystemsandAllIndiaCoordinatedResearchProjecton
CroppingSystemstofarmingsystems.
Accordingly,ICAR-IndianInstituteofFarmingSystemsResearch,
ModipuramwithcomponentschemesofAllIndiaCoordinatedResearch
ProjectonIntegratedFarmingSystems(AICRP-IFS)andAllIndiaNetwork
ProgrammeonOrganicFarming(AI-NPOF)startedresearchonIntegrated
FarmingSystemsbothatresearchfarmandfarmer’sfieldbypartnering
with25SAUs,6ICARinstitutesand1CentralUniversity.Common
methodologyofareaallocationfordifferentcomponents,withspecific
purposesuchasmeetingthefamilyandlivestocknutrition,soilhealthand
incomegenerationhavebeenmadeatalllocations.InitiationofNational
MissiononIntegratedFarmingSystemsbyconvergingtheschemesof
crops,horticulture,livestockandfisheriescangiveimpetusinpromoting
integratedfarmingsystemsamongfarmers.

32. Asanoutcome,45IFSmodelshavebeendeveloped.Further,themodels
developedfromotherICARinstitutesarealsoincluded.Thus,51
integratedfarmingsystemmodelscomprisingofseveralmoduleshave
beendevelopedwhicharesuitabletomarginalandsmallfarmholdersof
25States/UnionTerritories.
Thesemodulesandmodelsensureagriculturaldiversification,higher
incomeandemployment.

33. ASSISTANCEUNDERNATIONALMISSIONFORSUSTAINABLEAGRICULTURE
Sr.
No.
Type of Assistance Quantum of Assistance Scheme
1. HorticultureBased
Farming System
(Plantation +
Crops/Cropping
system)
50%ofinputcostlimitedtoRs
25,000/-perhawithpermissible
assistanceofmaximum 2
ha/beneficiary.
NationalMission
forSustainable
Agriculture
(NMSA)
2. Fishery Based
FarmingSystem
50% ofinputcostof
cropping/vegetable system
includingcostoffishfarming
limitedtoRs25.000/-perhawith
permissibleassistance of
maximum2ha/beneficiary
-do-
3. CroppingSystem
(CS)withrice,
wheat, coarse
cereal/oil-
seed/fibre/pulse
basedtwocrops
50%ofinputcostlimitedtoRs
10,000/-perhawithpermissible
assistanceofmaximum2ha/
beneficiary.
-do-

34. SUCCESS STORIES OF IFS

35. IF MODEL: W.BENGAL
BanamaliDas,Village:Gayadham
OutofhistotalinputofRs.12235.75/-
(excludinginternallabourvalue)thevalueof
internalinputsisRs.9497.75/-.

36. Outerbordertrees:eucalyptus,neem,subabul,bambooetc.
Homesteadgardensurroundedbyperennialtrees:banana,
guava,sapota,lemon,mangoandcoconut.
Grows25-30typesofvegetablestoday,usingmixedcropping
techniquesofvariouscombinations.
Has5cows,8ducklings4hensand14chicksandcultivates
fishessuchasRohu,Catla,Bata,Minorcarpandcatfishesinhis
pond.
ConstructedaBiodigestertogeneratebiogasandslurryand
preparesvermi-compostandcompostbyhimself.
Usessesamecakeandgradedbiogasslurryasorganicmanure
andpreparesmixtureofneemextract,garlicpasteandkerosene
aspestrepellent.

37. A SUCCESSFUL INTEGRATED FARMING MODEL
Smt.LekeshBailivesinThanabodiVillageunderThanabodi
BlockofUttarBastarKankerDistrictofChattisgarh.
SheispracticingIntegratedFarmingSysteminherfarmby
cultivationofcrop,fishcumduck,improveddairy,goatand
poultryrearing.
Changeinincome:
2010-11–Rs.1,11,800/annum
2016-17-Rs.7,46,650/annum
ShewasawardedwithInnovativefarmersAwardbyICAR
ResearchComplexforEasternRegion,Patna2018

38. IF MODEL: UTTARPRADESH
AMANLAKRA, 63, VILLAGEABHAYPUR, BAREILLY
Initially:1.5bighalandNow:55bigha
Heisrearingdesipoultrybird(Aseel),duck,goat,pig,buffalo,
generatingincomefromfishproduction,bee-keeping,cerealand
oilseedcropcultivationandfruitandvegetablecultivation.
Milkproduction:15-16litresofmilk/day
[email protected]/litreand(earningRs.750perday)
Mostofthefeedingredientsareprocuredfromownfarm.
MonthlyexpenditureonfeedingwasRs.5000
Purchasewheatbranandstrawonlyduringtheperiodof
scarcity

39. JOURNEYOFNURSETO BECOME A FARMER
MSNABANITADAS, DISTRICT: JORHAT, STATE: ASSAM
Atpresentherfarmhasbecomeasmallagri-hubwithproductionof
flowers(Anthurium,Gerbera,Gladiolus,tuberoseetc),rice,different
pulses,oilseeds,fruitsandvegetables,fish(localtypeandcarps),
eggs,milk,goateryanddifferentpoultrybreedsviz.SilkyChicken,
RainbowRoaster,Bonroja,Kadaknath,Turkey,Gunieafowl;Pigeon
((Masokali);duckbreeds(WhitePeikin),IndianRunnerand
indigenousduck.
Thebeautyofherfarmisshehasutilisedeveryinchofthefarm
landasaproductiveassetutilizingverticalspacealso.Recentlyshe
hasintroducedvermicompostproductionandAzollaculture.
HerearningfromthelandwasmerelyRs4000/-beforegovernment
interventions.NowsheearnsRs.30,000/-netprofitinfirstyear
(2014),Rs.56,000/-in2ndyear(2015),Rs.96,000/-in3rdyear(2016),
Rs1,10,000/-in4thyear(2017)andRs1,25,000/-in2019.

40. INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM APPROACH -A CASE
STUDY OF KULLU VALLEY
SMT. VEENABHARTI, DISTRICT-KULLU, STATE-HIMACHALPRADESH.
SheincorporatedallthemajorcomponentsofIntegratedFarmingSystems
fordiversifiedagricultureforenhancingherfarmincome.
Sheowns2.80haland,outofwhich1.3haiskeptforfruitcropsandthe
remaining1.5haforvegetables.About50%landisrainfedandremaining
areaisirrigatedthroughperennialstreamsandnallahbyadoptingportable
sprinklersystemwiththesupportofstateagriculturedepartment.
Avermi-compostunitof4-5vermi-pitshasbeenconstructedwiththe
assistancefromstateagriculturedepartment.About40quintalsofmanure
peryearisbeingproducedandusedforgrowingdifferentcrops.
Shealsomaintainsasmalldairyunitwithtwomilchcows.Shealsoownsa
smallmushroomunitforgettingadditionalincomethroughthisventure.
SheisawardedwithKrishiDootSammanbyCSKHPKV(2003),Statelevel
“InnovativeFarmer”AwardbyCSKHPKV,Palampur-2013,BestFarmer
Award2016byDepartmentofagricultureandwasMemberofExtension
Council,CSKHPKV,Palampur(2003-05)

41. ALLISWELLININTEGRATEDFARMING
MR. MUTTAPPAPUJARI, GULBARGADISTRICTOFKARNATAKASTATE
Heowns8acresofland,andhealsoownstwooxenandtwogoats.He
growsredgram,cotton,ginger,flowersandleafyvegetablesintheKharif
season.ImmediatelyafterharvestoftheKharifcrops,hetakesupwheat,
chilli,chickpeaandsorghumfortheRabi.
Mr.PujarigetsRs.4to5lakhnetprofitfromhis8acresofland.Heis
confidentthatifhehasaccesstoproperelectricityandirrigationduringthe
summerseason,hewouldbeabletoincreasehisincomeconsiderably.Apart
fromagriculture,hepurchasedtwogoatsworthRs.3,500/-,andwithintwo
months,hesoldthemforRs.7,000/-,withaprofitmarginofRs.2,500/-after
deductingtheexpenditure.Hedrawsparallelsbetweenfarmingandcatching
fishthroughanet:youneedtolookovereachandeverythingforeffective
implementationatafarmlevelinordertoincreaseproductionand
productivity.
Everyyear,thecattlefestivalisconductednearhisvillageduringthefestival
ofMakarSankranti.Tomakeuseofthisopportunity,hepurchasedtwooxen
andsoldthemwithinfourmonthsforRs.58,000/-,makingaprofitmarginof
Rs.21,000/-afterdeductingexpenditure.Inadditiontothat,hegottwo
tractorsofcowdungasorganicmanure.

42. ADVANTAGES OF IFS
Higher food production to equate the demand of the exploding population of our
nation
Increased farm income through proper residue recycling and allied components
Sustainable soil fertility and productivity through organic waste recycling
Integration of allied activities will result in the availability of nutritious food
enriched with protein, carbohydrate, fat,minerals and vitamins.
Integrated farming will help in environmental protection through effective
recycling ofwaste from animal activities like piggery, poultry and pigeon rearing.
Regular stable income through the products like egg, milk, mushroom,
vegetables, honey and silkworm cocoons from the linked activitiesin integrated
farming
Firewood and construction wood requirements could be met from the agro
forestry system without affecting the natural forest
Avoidance of soil loss through erosion by agro-forestry and proper cultivation of
eachpart of land by integratedfarming
Generation of regular employment for the farm family members of small and
marginal farmers.

43. LIMITATIONS OF IFS
Lack of awareness about sustainable farming systems.
Lack of credit facilities at easy and reasonable interest rate.
Non-availability of ensured marketing facilities specially for perishable
commodities.
Lack of deep freezing and storage facilities.
Lack of timely availability of inputs.
Lack of knowledgeamong farming community specially in rural youth.

44. Future Thrust
There is need to create a database on farming system in relation to type
of farming system, infrastructure, economics, sustainability, etc under
different farming situations.
Need to develop more research modulesof farming system under
different holding size with economically viable and socially acceptable
systems.
The assessment and refinement of the technologies developed at research
station at cultivator’s field.
Need to prepare a contingent planning to counteract the weather/climate
threats under different farming situation.

45. Conclusion
Integratedfarmingsystemseemstobetheanswertothe
problemsofincreasingfoodproduction,forincreasingincome
andforimprovingnutritionofthesmallscalefarmerswith
limitedresourceswithoutanyadverseeffectonenvironmentand
agro-eco-system.
Thisapproachisapowerfultoolforimprovingthelivelihood
securityofsmallfarmholders.

46. THANK YOU