Intelligence

Lesson in Introduction to Psychology and General Psychology

1. Intelligence
Prepared by:
Orlando A. Pistan, MAEd
Psychology Instructor

2. What is Intelligence?
A general mental
capability that involves
the ability to reason,
plan, solve problems,
think abstractly, learn
quickly and gain
knowledge from
experiences.

3. Is Intelligence inherited?
It is generally accepted that intelligence is
inherited.
Studies showed that the grey matter volume is
strongly determined by genes, and reflected
cognitive performance. It was also suggested
that there is a strong genetic influence onIQ,
verbal and spatial abilities, So in short our
genes determine the quality of our intelligence.

4. Environmental Factors
Environmental factors can play a role as
well, but in fact they are capable of slowing
down our mental processes more than
enhancing it. There is no evidence to
indicate that our environment can increase
intelligence to a relatively high level.

5. Definitions related to
Intelligence:
Gifted:used to describe individuals having
great natural ability or talent, usually the
equivalent of “intelligent”, this term is used
often with children ”a gifted child”, also
other possible equivalent words are “smart”,
“nerd”, “brainy”, “genius”.

6. Definitions related to
Intelligence:
IQ(intelligence quotient) : is used to refer to
tests “measuring” intelligence, and scoring it.
Artificial Intelligence:generally used to refer to
the ability of a computer or other machine to
perform activities that normally require
intelligence, or automating tasks requiring
intelligent behavior. Artificial intelligence is also
abbreviated into “AI”.

7. 8 Types of Intelligence
In the 1980s to 1990s,
psychologistHoward
Gardnerproposed the
idea of not one kind of
intelligence but eight,
which are relatively
independent of one
another.

8. 8 Types of Intelligence
1.Linguistic
2.Logical-
mathematical
3.Musical
4.Spatial
5.Bodily-kinesthetic
6.Interpersonal
7.Intrapersonal
8.Naturalist

9. Linguistic
Prowess with spoken
and written
language.
Careers: Author,
Critic, Editor,
Host, Emcee,
News anchor,
Language
Interpreter.

10. Logical-Mathematical
High numerical skills; they are
skilled at deductive
reasoning, detecting
patterns,
andlogicalthinking. People
who are good at scientific
investigations and
identifying relationships
between different things.
Careers: Accountant,
Mathematician, Scientist,
Statistician, Computer
analyst, Engineer

11. Musical
The capacity to discern
pitch, rhythm, timbre,
and tone. This
intelligenceenables us
to recognize, create,
reproduce, and reflect
on music.
Careers: Composers,
Conductors,Musician,
Vocalist, and sensitive
listeners.

12. Spatial
Ability to evaluate and
analyzethe visual
world.
Careers:
Photographer,
Landscaper,
Painter,
Animator,
Decorator,
Fashion
designer,

13. Bodily-Kinesthetic
They have fine and
coordinated motor
skills compared to
average persons.
Careers: Athlete,
Dancer,
Choreographer,
Gymnast, Surgeon.

14. Interpersonal
The ability to understand and interact
effectively with others. It involves
effective verbal and nonverbal
communication, the ability to
note distinctions among others,
sensitivity to the moods and
temperaments of others, and the
ability to
entertainmultipleperspective.
Careers: Politician, Teacher,
Counselor, Social worker,
Coach.

15. Intrapersonal
The wordintrapersonalmeans
“within the self”—so,
“intrapersonal intelligence” is
another term for self-
awareness. People who
have high intrapersonal
intelligenceare aware of
their emotions, motivations,
beliefs, and goals.
Career: Psychologist, Poet,
Writer, Counselor.

16. Naturalist
They are gifted at nurturing
and growing things.
They can easily
distinguish patterns in
nature.
Careers: Zookeeper,
Veterinarian,
Gardener, Biologist,
Animal trainer,
Farmer.

17. IQ Scores

18. IQ Scores
Intelligence Interval Cognitive Designation
40 -54
Severely challenged (Less than 1% of test
takers)
55 -69 Challenged (2.3% of test takers)
70 -84 Below average
85 -114 Average (68% of test takers)
115 -129 Above average
130 -144 Gifted (2.3% of test takers)
145 -159 Genius (Less than 1% of test takers)
160 -175 Extraordinary genius

19. Intelligence Tests
Intelligence tests come
in many forms, and
some tests use a single
type of item or question.
Regardless of design,
all IQ tests attempt to
measure the same
general intelligence.

20. Mental retardation
A significantly sub-average general
intellectual functioning.
Also known as Feeblemindedness
Retardationsufficientto
falloutsidethenormalrange
ofintelligence.

21. Types of Mental Retardation
Mild.(Educable) -Mental Age 8-12; learn to
approximately 6th grade level.
Moderate.(Trainable) -Mental Age 5-8; cannot
learn academic subjects in school.
Profound-Many require life-long care and
supervision and are often confined to institutions.

22. Feeble-minded IQ Levels
Normal —–IQ 85-100
Deficient —-IQ 71-84
Moron ——IQ 51-70
Imbecile —-IQ 26-50
Idiot ——–IQ 0-25

23. Intelligence
Thank you for
paying attention.