Intelligent Buildings_Case study_Building management systems.pptx

BMS

1. INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS CASE STUDY: MARGADARSI HEAD OFFICE, HYDERABAD, INDIA. ASSIGNMENT ON RISK FACTORS NEEDED TO BE INCLUDED IN BUILDING: FIRE SAFETY, GENERATOR, SECURITY SYSTEMS, DATA AND COMMUNICATION FIREWALL SYSTEMS(TO MINIMIZE DATA THEFT AND MALWARE ATTACKS)

2. FIRE SAFETY, GENERATOR AND UPS , SECURITY SYSTEMS, DATA AND COMMUNICATION FIREWALL SYSTEMS(TO MINIMIZE DATA THEFT AND MALWARE ATTACKS) Location: Margadarsi head office, Hyderabad, India. G+6 floor building., Area: 2 acres. Margadarsi head office is a corporate office in Hyderabad, it has risk factors such as fire safety, security, cyber security and end- end data communication and access control systems, ensuring safety from data theft in the building Office is well maintainted and equipped with all the infrastructure and safety measures with facility management and occupant comfort, comfortable environment for the stakeholders

3. FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS RECOMMENDED: Fire Extinguisher Hose reel Down comer Automatic Sprinkler System Manually Operated Electric Fire Alarm System Terrace Tank 10,000 liter capacity Terrace pump - 450 LPM FIRE HYDRANT SYSTEMS TERRACE PUMP Down comer system comprising of a terrace tank and a terrace pump is mandatory for firefighting installations; a mono- block pump, mentioned as terrace pump is considered near the OHT. Thus ensuring that water is always available in the form of positive suction. PIPING MS 'C' class pipes are considered for underground pipe, hydrants and sprinkler piping. The size of the main delivery line from the pump house is 150mm. The pipe sizing is followed as per the TAC norms and is as mentioned below: One hydrant – 80mm Two hydrant – 100mm Three hydrant – 150mm

4. YARD HYDRANT FIRE SAFETY SYSTEM

5. 3. INTERNAL AND YARD HYDRANTS • Internal Hydrants are provided inside the building at 30m distance apart. Internal Hydrants are to be provided in such a manner that a person should not travel a distance of more than 30m from any point inside the building to the nearest hydrant location. 4. SPRINKLER SYSTEM • Sprinklers are considered for entire area in the building except the electrical room, AHU room, staircase etc. Since false ceiling is considered, pendant sprinkler shall be fixed below the false ceiling. Since the ceiling void exceeds 800mm, sprinkler above false ceiling are also required. Hence, upright sprinklers are considered for the ceiling void protection. For the sprinklers to be fixed below false ceiling, flexible drop is considered which facilities easy positioning of the sprinkler from the main pipe. 5. FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEM • Fire detection and alarm system consists of conventional type alarm panel, manual call points, and hooters etc. Manual Call Points and hooters are provided in the building along with 4 zone conventional fire alarm panel such that the operation of a manual call point will activate the hooter thus creating an emergency awareness. • Fire extinguishers are also considered in this estimate as first aid means of firefighting. Fire extinguisher of Dry chemical powder type are provided to fight Class A&B fire (Class A fires from the ordinary combustible materials such as wood, paper, cloth, etc; Class B fires are from flammable liquid fires such as gasoline, paints and solvents, alcohols, acetone, etc). Fire extinguishers of CO2 are provided to fight Class C fire (Class C fires are electrical fires). Electrical Engineer- Chandrasekhar sir explaining about the Fire safety systems HOSTRILES SPRIKNLER SYSTEM

6. Fire protection system flow chat

7. Implementing firefighting systems involves considering various risks and ensuring effective solutions to mitigate those risks. Here are some common risks associated with firefighting systems and potential solutions: Risk: System Failure: Firefighting systems may fail to operate during a fire emergency due to technical malfunctions, power outages, or lack of maintenance. Solution: Regular maintenance and testing of firefighting systems are essential to ensure their reliability. Implementing automated monitoring systems that alert maintenance personnel of any issues can help prevent failures. Additionally, redundant systems and backup power sources can provide fail- safe mechanisms in case of primary system failures. Risk: Inadequate Coverage: Inadequate coverage of firefighting systems may result in certain areas of a building being unprotected, leading to increased risk of fire damage and loss of life. Solution: Conducting comprehensive risk assessments and fire hazard analyses can help identify areas that require adequate coverage. Installing additional firefighting equipment such as sprinklers, smoke detectors, and fire extinguishers in high- risk areas can help mitigate this risk. Regular inspections and audits can ensure that firefighting systems provide sufficient coverage as building layouts and occupancy needs change over time.

8. Risk: Water Damage: Sprinkler systems, while effective in suppressing fires, can cause water damage to building contents and infrastructure if activated unnecessarily or malfunctioning. Solution: Designing sprinkler systems with appropriate zoning and deluge systems can help minimize water damage by targeting only the affected areas. Implementing automatic shut- off valves and water flow sensors can help prevent excessive water discharge. Additionally, using alternative fire suppression systems such as gaseous or foam- based agents in sensitive areas can reduce the risk of water damage. Risk: Human Error: Human error, such as improper use of fire extinguishers, failure to evacuate promptly, or negligence in maintaining firefighting equipment, can compromise the effectiveness of firefighting systems. Solution: Providing comprehensive fire safety training and emergency response drills for building occupants can help reduce the risk of human error. Clear signage, instructions, and emergency evacuation plans can guide occupants in the event of a fire. Additionally, implementing fire safety policies and procedures, along with regular training and reinforcement, can promote a culture of safety and accountability among building occupants and staff. Smoke Detector Fire extinguisher

9. Risk: External Threats: External threats, such as vandalism, sabotage, or terrorist attacks, can compromise the integrity and functionality of firefighting systems. Solution: Implementing security measures, such as access control systems, surveillance cameras, and perimeter fencing, can help deter external threats and unauthorized access to firefighting equipment. Regular security audits and risk assessments can identify vulnerabilities and inform security upgrades to protect firefighting systems from external threats. By identifying potential risks and implementing appropriate solutions, building owners and managers can ensure the effectiveness and reliability of firefighting systems in protecting lives and property during fire emergencies. Regular maintenance, testing, and training are essential components of a comprehensive fire safety program. TYPES OF FIRE-EXTINGUISHERS- USES AND APPLICATIONS

10. RECEPTION AREA- Ceiling is equipped with Fire sprinklers, CC cameras, Smoke detectors and Fire extinguishers are also equipped near emergency exits and basement of the building Hostriles are equipped for exterior building fire safety the pipes are provided with water connection in case of fire accidents. Cellar entrance and exit

11. GENERATOR AND UPS Generator : A backup power source that activates during outages to keep essential systems running. It ensures continuity during power disruptions. UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) : A device that provides short- term power backup in case of outages, ensuring uninterrupted operation of critical equipment by instantly switching to battery power. GENERATOR In intelligent buildings, generators play a crucial role in providing backup power during outages and ensuring continuous operation of critical systems. However, they also present certain risks and challenges that need to be addressed. Here are some common risks associated with generators in intelligent buildings along with potential solutions: Fuel Supply Dependency : Generators rely on fuel to operate, and disruptions in fuel supply can render them ineffective during emergencies. Solution : Implement a robust fuel management strategy that includes regular inspections, maintenance, and monitoring of fuel levels. Consider alternative fuel sources such as natural gas or renewable energy options like solar or wind to reduce dependency on traditional fuels.

12. Equipment Failure : Like any machinery, generators are susceptible to wear and tear, leading to unexpected failures. Solution : Conduct regular preventive maintenance checks and inspections to identify and address potential issues before they escalate. Implement predictive maintenance techniques using sensors and monitoring systems to detect early signs of equipment failure and schedule timely repairs. Environmental Impact : Generators emit pollutants such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter, contributing to air pollution and environmental degradation. Solution : Invest in generators with advanced emission control technologies to minimize pollutant emissions. Opt for low- emission fuels and consider integrating exhaust gas treatment systems such as catalytic converters or diesel particulate filters. Noise Pollution : Generators can generate significant noise levels, especially in densely populated areas or sensitive environments. Solution : Install soundproof enclosures or barriers around the generator to reduce noise transmission. Position the generator away from residential or noise-sensitive areas whenever possible. Select generators with quieter operation or invest in noise- reducing accessories such as mufflers. Cybersecurity Risks : In intelligent buildings, generators are often connected to building management systems (BMS) or smart grid networks, making them vulnerable to cyber attacks. Solution : Implement robust cybersecurity measures such as firewalls, encryption, and access controls to protect generator control systems from unauthorized access or tampering. Regularly update firmware and software to patch vulnerabilities and stay ahead of emerging threats. Operational Efficiency : Inefficient operation of generators can lead to increased fuel consumption and operational costs. Solution : Optimize generator scheduling and load management strategies to match power demand more efficiently. Utilize energy management systems to monitor and optimize generator performance in real-time, adjusting settings for maximum efficiency. TRANSFORMER

13. UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY ( UPS ) : • In intelligent buildings, Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) are essential for providing backup power and ensuring the continuous operation of critical systems during power outages or fluctuations. However, UPS systems also pose certain risks that need to be managed effectively. Here are some common risks associated with UPS systems in intelligent buildings, along with potential solutions: Battery Failure : Risk : UPS systems rely on batteries to provide backup power, and battery failure can result in extended downtime and loss of critical services. Solution : Implement regular battery testing and maintenance procedures to identify and replace weak or failing batteries proactively. Utilize battery monitoring systems to track battery health, temperature, and other performance metrics in real-time. Consider using advanced battery technologies such as lithium-ion batteries, which offer longer lifespans and higher reliability compared to traditional lead-acid batteries. Overloading and Overheating : Risk : UPS systems can be susceptible to overloading and overheating, especially during prolonged power outages or periods of high demand. Solution : Conduct load assessments to ensure UPS systems are sized appropriately for the connected equipment and loads. Implement load shedding or prioritization strategies to manage critical and non-critical loads during power outages. Install temperature sensors and cooling systems to prevent overheating and maintain optimal operating conditions for UPS components. Environmental Impact : Risk : UPS systems may contain hazardous materials and chemicals that pose environmental risks if not managed properly, including lead-acid batteries and cooling fluids. Solution : Follow proper disposal and recycling procedures for UPS batteries and other components at the end of their lifecycle. Choose UPS systems with energy-efficient designs and components to minimize environmental impact during operation. Consider environmentally-friendly alternatives such as UPS systems with recyclable materials or energy storage solutions integrated with renewable energy sources.

14. UPS: Uninterrupted Power Supply- Capacities 60KV UPS- 1 (Input from main panel) 60KV UPS- 2 (Input from main panel) Batteries and Capacitors: These systems are used when there is a repair with generator systems as a backup mechanism.

15. Maintenance and Service Disruptions : Risk : Scheduled maintenance or repairs of UPS systems can result in temporary disruptions to powersupply and potential downtime for critical systems. Solution : Develop comprehensive maintenance plans that include regular inspections, testing, and servicing of UPS systems during off- peak hours or scheduled maintenance windows to minimizedisruptions. Implement redundant UPS configurations or backup power sources to maintain continuous power supply during maintenance activities. Establish service contracts with qualified maintenance providers to ensure prompt response and resolution of UPS issues. Compatibility and Integration Challenges : Risk : UPS systems must integrate seamlessly with other building systems and infrastructure components, including power distribution systems, backup generators, and building management systems (BMS). Solution : Ensure compatibility and interoperability between UPS systems and other building systems through proper planning and coordination during the design and installation phases. Utilize standardized communication protocols and interfaces to facilitate integration with BMS platforms and monitoring systems. Conduct thorough testing and commissioning to verify proper functionalityand performance of integrated systems. Cyber security Vulnerabilities : Risk : Like other interconnected devices in intelligent buildings, UPS systems are potential targets for cyber- attacks that could disrupt operations or compromise sensitive data. Solution : Implement cybersecurity measures such as firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and encryption protocols to protect UPS control systems and communication networks from unauthorized access or tampering. Regularly update firmware and software to address security vulnerabilities and ensure compliance with industry standards and best practices. Train personnel on cybersecurity best practices and protocols to mitigate the risk of human error or insider threats. UPS: Uninterrupted Power Supply- Maintenance and Services and Control Room

16. Services and Security Frisking booth- To ensure safety and security of the building and occupants Emergency exits- Emergency exits are designed to provide a safe and efficient way out of a building in an emergency, such as a fire, flood, or earthquake Fuzzy logic Automatic lift systems: The Fuzzy Logic controller has the ability to track a user defined elevator's speed profile without compromising the accuracy in reaching a designated position. The response of the FL controller will be compared with the ubiquitous PID controller by means of computer simulation s.

17. DATA SECURITY CONTROL AND COMMUNICTION SYSTEMS ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS- BIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATION EDP STAFF ROOM- ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING ROOM

18. MCB SWITCH PANEL- MAIN DISTRIBUTION BOX This is a main control panel is with a manual control, after switching on this panel automatic security firewall, data and communication systems are operated with machine to machine communication commands and data is secured. AIRTEL WIFI ROUTER BSNL ROUTER SOPHOS FIREWALL SERVICE SYTEM: This system enables to identify data errors and system alerts in case of risk or data theft RELIANCE ROUTER There are three Routers- BSNL, AIRTEL, RELAINACE for the backup and safety if incase of any connection errors of one type of router other type routers get connected to ensure no loss of data and connectivity. DATA AND NETWORK CONNECTION RACK CYBER SECURITY CONTROL AND NETWORK COMMUNICTION SYSTEMS

19. CCTV SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL SYSTEMS TOTAL CONTROL PANEL AND BLOWER This panel has control for all data and network systems CCTV CONTROL PANEL BOX: This panel regulates automatic CCTV surveillance and gives regulates cameras and alerts in case of any misconception. BLOWER

20. ELECTRICAL STABILIZER UPS for Electronic Data Processing room and Computer peripherals- To avoid power issues as a backup for cyber security and communication systems. BATTERIES FOR BACKUP: When power is interrupted, or fluctuates outside safe levels, a UPS will instantly provide clean battery backup power and surge protection for plugged- in, sensitive equipment. UPS: Uninterrupted Power Supply for Data Safety and Communication Systems EPABX- The electronic private automatic branch exchange (EPABX) is equipment that has made day- to- day working in the offices much simpler, especially in the area of communication

21. MULTI-LEVEL CAR PARKING - 45 CARS ON CAMPUS An automatically parking and retrieving cars that typically use a system of lifts and signaling devices for retrieval. They serve advantages like safety, saving of space, time, and fuel. CAR PARKING IN OFFICE CAMPUS DOUBLE -LEVEL CAR PARKING- 25 CARS Traction Hydraulic lift used to pull the track when other car need to be placed. FIRE SAFETY IN CELLAR TWO WHEELER PARKING- 400 BIKES IN THE CELLAR GATE FOR CAR PARKING