intern preparation for intake pres and osce exams.pptx

Preparation for exams

1. Intern exam prep Dec 2021

2. T- trauma I- Infections: Bacteria, viruses, fungi, TB etc I- Infiltrations eg sarcoid , amyloid etc N- Neoplasms C- congenital A - Autoimmune V- vit deficiencies E- Endocrine( DM, thyroid, E- Electrolyte imbalances M- Metabolic, renal failure D- drugs

3. CVS History: Pg 46 Talley - symptoms: RVF, LVF CAD risk factors D/D of chest pains pg 46 Cardiac: M ischaemia or infarction Vascular: Aortic dissection Pleuropericardial : Pericarditis/ myocarditis, infective pleurisy, pneumothorax, pneumonia, autoimmune dx, mesothelioma, metastatic tumour Chest wall pain GIT pain Airway pain Central pain- panic attacks Mediastinal pain

4. Differentiate angina/pericarditis or pleurisy/ oesophageal reflux pain Clinical classification of angina table 4.3 Causes of orthopnea - pg 49 Cardiac failure Massive ascites, pregnancy, bil diaphragmatic paralysis, large pleural effusion, severe pneumonia Causes of palpitations DD syncope and dizziness Causes of clubbing Causes of bradycardia/ tachycardia Cardiac pg 81 murmurs Cardiac examination- systematic D/D of ankle edema / fluid overload

5. CVS conditions HF/ Corpulmonale SA heart failure guideline - symptoms and signs Dg, treatment 2. Hypertension guideline including emergencies 3. Metabolic syndrome 4. Valvular heart diseases 5. Postpartum CMO definition, RFs, Dg, treatment, prognosis 6. IHD: 7. Pulmonary hypertension Pulmonary edema S/S, causes, treatment Pulmonary embolism/ DVT RFs, symptoms and signs, CXR features, diagnosis, E CG changes. Treatment, how long, warfarin toxicity AF- management Dyslipidaemia guideline

6. Pulmonology Asthma/ COPD -GINA guidelines COPD guidelines Occupational lung disease Pneumonia: S/S, Dg, CXR features, complications of pneumonia Lung abscess/ empyema CXR features) Treatment guideline: nosocomial(what does it mean)/ CAP/ 2 nd line treatment Bronchiectasis- features, cxr , ct scan, management Include non pharmacologic Interstitial lung disease causes TB- incl disseminated, treatment guideline duration, monitoring PCP and management Resp exam Causes of tracheal displacement pg 143 Causes of bronchial breathsounds Pg 149 Causes of acute resp distress pg 152

7. GIT DD of hepatomegaly pg 200 Causes of hepatosplenomegaly pg 202 Jaundice approach- harrisons HB pg 180 Hepatocellular causes Cholestatic causes; intrahepatic and extrahepatic Ascites and pleural effusion 740 HHB, transudate and exudate causes and dg, management of ascites Splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy Inflamatory bowel disease Chronic diarrhea causes and management Liver cirrhosis causes Portal hypertension 831 HHB Liver failure Hepatitis B diagnoses, management, when to start treatment

8. Renal AKI causes, definition CKD definition, causes, management, indications for dialysis, complications of dialysis and of CKD Glomerulonephritis, UTI Nephrotic syndrome: features,

9. Rheumatology Approach to joint pains RA/ OA Gout: Management SLE Infectious causes

10. Endocrine Diabetes mellitus guideline Goitre - hyper/hypothyroidism Cushings syndrome Hyperaldosteronism

11. CNS Cerebrovascular accident: dg, mx Hemiplegia causes- also in HIV+ pts Paraparesis / quadriparesis GBS Neuroexam Parkinsons disease CTB images interpretation Seizures and status epilepticus - causes, breakthough seizures Cranial nerves Movement disorders: Chorea, Parkinsons disease

12. Haematology Anaemia approach Thrombocytopaenia / thrombocytosis Bi/ pancytopaenia Vit B12 deficiency- causes, treatment Fe deficiency- when to give venofer , causes Neutropaenia Haematological malignancies Other malignancies Leucocytosis/ leucopaneia

13. INFECTIOUS DISEASES TB- extrapulmonary TB HIV Syphillis Hepatitis Toxoplasmosis PCP Malaria Cryptococcus