internal fault testing of instrument trasformer.pptx

fault testing for instrument transformer

1. METHOD FOR INTERNAL FAULT TESTING OF INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS 1 PRESENTED BY : VISHAK R B S7 EEE ROLL NO : 28 GUIDED BY : R AHUL R ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF EEE

2. LITERATURE SURVEY INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES TRANSFORMER TYPES INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER FAULT FAULTS IDENTIFICATION METHODS TEST EQUIPMENT CONCLUSION FUTURE SCOPE REFERENCE CONTENTS : 2

3. LITERATURE SURVEY SL NO Paper Title Author Objective N. Damer, J. H. Grebe, C. Chen, F. Boutros, F. Kirchbuchner, A. Kuijper The effect of wearing a mask on face recognition performance: An exploratory study 1 2 Iris recognition and the challenge of homeland and border control security in UAE A. N. Al-Raisi A. M. Al-Khouri 3 An overview of text-independent speaker recognition: From features to supervectors T. Kinnunen H. Li Assess the need for new datasets that include masked faces to train and optimize recognition systems Assess how iris recognition technology enhances security measures and helps in fraud prevention UAE borders and entry points Describe the matrix used to evaluate the performance of text - independent speaker recognition systems Table 1 : Literature Survey 7

4. OVERVIEW OF TRANSFORMERS INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER AND TYPES CAUSES OF FAULT IMPACT OF FAULTS ON TRANSFORMER ANALYSIS OF FAULT IDENTIFICATION METHODS 4 INTRODUCTION

5. UNDERSTANDING INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS IMPACT OF FAULTS ON TRANSFORMERS METHODS TO ANALIZE FAULT KNOW THE LIMITATIONS 6 OBJECTIVES

6. Instrument transformers are necessary for Isolating the protection, control & measurement equipment from the high voltages of a power system Supplying the equipment with the appropriate values of current and voltage 10 INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS Fig.1

7. TYPES OF INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS Two Types of Instrument Transformers: 12 CONTD. Fig.2 CURRENT TRANSFORMER (CT) POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER (PT)

8. 13 CURRENT TRANSFORMER

9. Functions:- Measures current in power systems Provides isolation and protection Enables accurate metering and monitoring Types:- Wound-type CTs Bar-type CTs Rogowski coils Applications :- Power generation and distribution Industrial power systems Renewable energy systemS Benefits :- Accurate current measurement High isolation and protection Reliability and durability

10. POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER Purpose: Measurement O f Voltage Metering Protection PT is step down high voltage to safer and measurable value Voltage Current Connection phase to ground

11. FAULT IN INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER Internal faults Insulation Failure Winding Faults Core Faults Internal Arcing Thermal Faults Partial Discharge Breakdown of insulation between the windings or between windings and the core 1.Short-Circuit within the Winding , 2. Inter-turn Faults 1.Core Saturation, 2. Core Displacement Arcing within the transformer due to insulation failure or other defects, which can severely damage the internal components Overheating of the transformer windings or core, typically due to overloading, poor ventilation, or internal short circuits Localized dielectric breakdown within the insulation that can progressively damage the insulation material over time.

12. External Faults Over Voltage Over Current External Mechanical Stress Environmental Factors Lightning Strikes, Switching Surges 1.System Short Circuits 2. Load Increase Vibrations Physical Damage Temperature Extremes Contamination

13. Identification methods of internal fault Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA ) Partial Discharge (PD) Testing Insulation Resistance Testing Tan Delta (Dissipation Factor) Testing Sweep Frequency Response Analysis (SFRA ) Temperature Monitoring Capacitance and Power Factor Testing

14. These methods can be categorized into three main groups: Testing Electrical Testing Chemical and Physical Analysis Thermal and Visual Inspection Insulation Resistance Testing Tan Delta (Dissipation Factor) Testing Electrical Testing (e.g., Turns Ratio, Winding Resistance) Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA ) Partial Discharge (PD) Testing Capacitance and Power Factor Testing Ultrasonic Detection- Acoustic Emission Testing Temperature Monitoring Visual and Infrared Inspection

15. FAILURE ANALYSIS Insulation Breakdown Thermal over loading Mechanical stresses Electrical stress Aging Environmental Factors

16. Test Equipment Insulation resistance tester Winding resistance tester Ratio test set Magnetic test equipment (core loss tester, magnetic balance tester ) Thermal imaging camera

17. Conclusion Internal fault testing of instrument transformers is crucial for ensuring reliability and accuracy- Regular testing helps detect and prevent faults, reducing downtime and improving system performance

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