International economic institution

about international economic institutions

1. INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INSTITUTION

2. To boost the economic cooperation's among countries To help a quicker recovery of the international economy. Act as financial intermediary Why Were They Are Created

3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) World Bank Asian Development Bank (ADB) United Nations Conference On Trade And Tariff (UNCTAD) World Trade Organisation (WTO) The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) International Development Association (IDA) International Finance Corporation (IFC) International Economic Institution

4. History

5. After the great depression in 1930’s there was a need for an organisation to create a system for exchange rate stability The World Bank & International Monitory Fund (IMF) were created after world war Need for reconstruction of Countries economies affected by World War 2 nd & for the development of under developed nations History .....

6. The united state treasury passed proposal in 1943 for its establishment The USA proposal is known as “ white plan ” & UK’s proposal “ keynes plan ” become the basis for the international monetary & financial conference at Bretton woods in 1944 44 nations in this conference. It came in to being to promote economic and financial corporation among the member countries with a view to facilitate the expansion & balanced growth of world trade 1.International Monetary Fund

7. It was established to provide short term assistance to correct the balance of payments disequilibrium. Created in 1945, the IMF is governed by and accountable to the 189 countries. It also known as “ fund ” (IMF)

8. It is popularly known as world bank It was established to promote long-term assistance for the reconstruction & development of the economies of the member countries Established in 5 th December 1944 Reconstruction of week countries. 2.The International Bank For Reconstruction And Development (IBRD) Or The World Bank

9. Type : Development finance institution Purpose : Development assistance , Poverty reduction Headquarters: Washington,D.C.,United States Membership : 189 countries President of the World Bank: Jim Yong Kim Parent organization : World Bank

10. Established on 22 august 1966 to facilitate economic development of country’s in Asia Member country’s : 67 Aim : an Asia and pacific free from poverty Headquartered at Manila, Philippines. From 31 members at its establishment in 1966, ADB has grown to encompass 67 members - of which 48 are from within Asia and the Pacific and 19 outside. 3.Asian Development Bank (ADB)

11. IDA was established in 1960 as an affiliate of the World Bank It was established primarily to provide finance to less developed member countries on a soft loan basis It has 173 share holder nations. 4.International Development Association (IDA)

12. IFC was established in July 1956 To provide finance to private sector in developing countries It is affiliated of the World bank ,but it has separate legal entity funds & association . It has 187 members Aim : growth of productive private enterprises. 5.International Finance Corporations (IFC)

13. Established in 1964 , Geneva. Promote the development - friendly integration of developing countries in to the world economy Aims: to help shape current policy debates & thinking on development, with a particular focus on ensuring that domestic policies & international actions are mutually supportive in bringing about sustainable development Membership -194 6.United Nation Conference On Trade And Development (UNCTAD)

14. Established in April 1988 It was established to supplement the function of world bank & IFC Type: Development finance institution Headquarters: Washington, D.C. Membership: 181 countries Executive Vice President: Keiko Honda Parent organization World Bank Group . 7.The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)

15. In 1947 the General Agreement On Tariff & Trade (GATT) was formed In 1995 the WTO replaced the GATT Has 164 members Located in Geneva Aim: to improve the welfare of the member countries by lowering trade barriers 8.WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION (WTO)

16. ECONOMIC INSTITUTION YEAR NO.OF MEMBERS HEADQUARTERED IMF 1945 189 Washington D.C WORLD BANK 1944 189 Washington D.C ADB 1966 67 Manila UNCTAD 1964 194 Geneva WTO 1995 164 Geneva MIGA 1988 181 Washington D.C IDA 1960 173 Washington D.C IFC 1956 187 Washington D.C

17. International Business Text & Cases ;P.Subba Rao;3 rd Revised & Enlarged Edition;page No;420-442 International Business ;Dr.A.J.George ,Anish Thomas ;C.S.S M.Com Semester III MGU;page no:118-143 International business ; K Aswathappa; page no:409 References