internet protocol

internet protocol

1. Internet protocol in computer network M.Raj shree M.SC(IT) Nadar saraswathi college of arts&science

2. Internet Protocol The Internet Protocol (IP) is the method or protocol  by which data  is sent from one computer to another on the internet. Each computer on the Internet has at least one ip address  that uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the Internet . The  Internet Protocol  ( IP ) is a  protocol , or set of rules, for routing and addressing packets of data so that they can travel across networks and arrive at the correct destination.  

3. When you send or receive data (for example, an e-mail note or a Web page), the message gets divided into little chunks called packets. Each of these packets contains both the sender's Internet address and the receiver's address. Any packet  is sent first to a gateway  computer that understands a small part of the Internet IP is a connectionless protocol, which means that there is no continuing connection between the end points that are communicating

4. IP has the task of delivering packets  from the source host  to the destination host solely based on the  IP address  in the packet headers The Internet Protocol is the principal communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries. Its routing function enables internetworking, and essentially establishes the Internet Internet Protocol  is very crucial because the entire web keeps running over it.  

5. Types of internet protocol Several  protocols  are used on the  Internet , including Electronic Mail (e-mail), File Transfer  Protocol  (FTP), HTTP (World Wide Web), News (or Usenet), Gopher and Telnet. Each of these has its own standard and usage .

6. File Transfer Protocol File Transfer Protocol, or FTP, is a means of transferring a file from one computer to another. FTP is commonly used for uploading a web page to a web server so that it may be seen on the World Wide Web. A special program, called a client, is usually needed to use FTP . The File Transfer  Protocol  ( FTP ) is a standard network  protocol  used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network.  FTP  is built on a client-server model architecture using separate control and data connections between the client and the server

7. FTP Clients FTP client is a program that implements a file transfer protocol which allows you to transfer files between two hosts on the internet. It allows a user to connect to a remote host and upload or download the files. It has a set of commands that we can use to connect to a host, transfer the files between you and your host and close the connection. The FTP program is also available as a built-in component in a Web browser. This GUI based FTP client makes the file transfer very easy and also does not require to remember the FTP commands.

8. HTTP HTTPS stands for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure. It is a protocol for securing the communication between two systems e.g. the browser and the web server . Hypertext transfer protocol secure (HTTPS) is the secure version of http, which is the primary protocol used to send data between a web browser and a website. HTTPS is encrypted in order to increase security of data transfer.  " https :// example .com"

9. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) SSL is the standard security technology for establishing an encrypted link between the two systems. These can be browser to server, server to server or client to server. Basically, SSL ensures that the data transfer between the two systems remains encrypted and private . The https is essentially http over SSL. SSL establishes an encrypted link using an SSL certificate which is also known as a digital certificate.

10. Secure Communication:  https makes a secure connection by establishing an encrypted link between the browser and the server or any two systems. Data Integrity:  https provides data integrity by encrypting the data and so, even if hackers manage to trap the data, they cannot read or modify it. Privacy and Security:  https protects the privacy and security of website users by preventing hackers to passively listen to communication between the browser and the server. Advantage of http

11. Faster Performance:  https increases the speed of data transfer compared to http by encrypting and reducing the size of the data. SEO:  Use of https increases SEO ranking. In Google Chrome, Google shows the  Not Secure  label in the browser if users' data is collected over http. Future:  https represents the future of the web by making internet safe for users and website owners.

12. Telnet Telnet lets you log in to a remote computer just as you would if you were there. So any commands that you would be able to run from the remote computer if you were sitting in front of it, you would be able to run from the computer you logged in from . Telnet provides a connection to the remote computer in such a way that a local terminal appears to be at the remote side

13. Local Login When a user logs into a local computer, then it is known as local login . When the workstation running terminal emulator, the keystrokes entered by the user are accepted by the terminal driver. The terminal driver then passes these characters to the operating system which in turn, invokes the desired application program Remote login When the user wants to access an application program on a remote computer, then the user must perform remote login.

14. Gopher Another tool of the Internet is Gopher, a menu-based program that enables you to browse for information without knowing where the material is located. It lets you search a list of resources and then sends the material to you . A Gopher system consists of a series of hierarchical hyperlinkable menus. The choice of menu items and titles is controlled by the administrator of the server