Interoperability academy 2024 - Day 1 - Once-Only Principle and Cross-border interoperability infrastructures.pdf

Presentation given at the Cross-regional exchange and learning week on Interoperability and Digital Transformation in the Western Balkans and Eastern Partnership region that took place 24-28 June 2024 in Brussels.

1. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
Cross-regional exchange between
Western Balkan and EaPcountries on
Once-Only Principle and Cross -
border interoperability
infrastructures in Europe: The
benefits and its challenges.
Stefan Dedovic, KU Leuven –Belgium, Universityof Tartu = Estonia
Brussels, 24.06.2024

2. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
The vision and a need

3. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
Calls for Once-only Principle
Action16oftheDigitalSingleMarket(DSM)strategycalls
forimprovedcooperationamongnationalsystemstoensure
that“businessesandindividualsonlyhaveto
communicatetheirdataoncetopublicadministrations”
andthat,inconsequence,governmentswillnolongermake
“multiplerequestsforthesameinformationwhenthey
canusetheinformationtheyalreadyhave”.
WEWILLINOURCOUNTRIES:
•“…introduceonceonlyoptionsforcitizensand
businessesindigitalpublicservicesbycollaboration
anddataexchangeacrossouradministrationsat
national,regionalandlocallevelaswellaswithother
countriesforcross- borderdigitalpublicservices; ”
•“…increasethefindability,qualityandtechnical
accessibilityofdatainkeybaseregistersand/or
similardatabasestobuildupreadinessforapplyingthe
once-onlyprinciplefornationalorcross- border
digitalpublicservices; ”
•worktocreateacultureofre-use,includingresponsible
andtransparentre-useofdatawithinouradministrations;
•makeuseofavailablefundingtodigitiseallnecessarykey
dataandimplementdataexchangeservicesbetween
administrationsforapplyingonceonlyonboth
nationaland/orcross- borderlevels.

4. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
High costs
Businesses and citizens
incur high costs when
operating across borders.
Increasing
mobility
Increasing mobility
across the borders within
the EU.
Administrative
burden
There is a growing
dissatisfaction with the
administrative burden
when operating across
borders.
Growing
reliance on ICT
This is a space to add a
short explanation of this
first item.
The need for
cross-border
digital public
services

5. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
What do we mean?

6. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
Once-only
>Citizens and businesses provide data
only once
>Public administration bodies take
action to share and reusethese data
internally
>Nationally but also across borders
>Always in respect of data protection
regulations and other constraints
Understanding “the once-only principle”

7. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
Interpretation of “the once-only principle”
>In some countries, the once-only principle
stipulates that the data need ONLY TO BE
SUBMITTED ONCE but does allow multiple
records of the same data.
The data is collected only once – Tell Us Once The data is stored only once
>In other countries, Once-Only is closely linked to
formal legal requirements that data submitted to
the government may be stored once only (in a
unique and authoritative database) regardless of
how many times or in what context they were
provided.

8. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
The challenges that are faced

9. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
National level implementation
Keyword: Heterogeneity
Ways of implementation of
OOP in Member States:
•Separate law (Spain,
Netherlands)
•Integrated into national
law (most countries)
•Non-legislative means
(Sweden, Hungary,
Bulgaria)
Mamrot, S., Rzyszczak, K. (2021). Implementation of the ‘Once- Only’ Principle in Europe –National Approach. In: Krimmer, R., Prentza, A., Mamrot, S. (eds) The Once- Only Principle. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12621.
Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978- 3-030-79851- 2_2

10. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
Challenges
Legal challenges
Data protection
challenges
Legal certainty over
security measures
Legal restrictions on
data sharing
Lack of legal validity
of evidence
exchanged
Organisational challenges
Organisational silo’s
Organisational change
Cultural resistance
Political priority
Business process heterogenitity
Governance challenges
Lack of human resources
Lack of awareness of benefits
Scarce economic resources
Scarce technical expertise in
SDG regards
Technical challenges
Heterogenous ICT
systems
Heterogenous data
handling approaches
Data fragmentation
Differences in data
quality
Leosk, N., Põder, I., Schmidt, C., Kalvet, T., Krimmer, R. (2021). Drivers for and Barriers to the Cross-border Implementation of the Once- Only Principle. In:
Krimmer, R., Prentza , A., Mamrot, S. (eds) The Once-Only Principle. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12621. Springer, Cham.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79851-2_ 3

11. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
What is the value?

12. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
Benefits of the OOP implementation
Timan, T., van Veenstra, A.F., Karanikolova, K. (2021). Measuring the Impact of the Once Only Principle for Businesses Across Borders. In: Krimmer, R., Prentza, A., Mamrot, S. (eds) The Once- Only Principle. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12621.
Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978- 3-030-79851- 2_11

13. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
National vs Cross-border value
National-level value
examples:
•Basic data
programme in
Denmark -> 100
million euros.
•Register of non-
residents in the
Netherlands ->
112 million euros.
Cross-border value examples:
•A business that establishes a cross-
border subsidiary and hires employees
incurs an average cost of EUR 9 700.
•This is 80% more than what a domestic
business would have incurred for the
same procedures (i.e. EUR 5 400).
•On average, domestic EU businesses
spend EUR 1423 to register their
economic activity. Businesses from
another Member State (excluding sole
traders) spend almost double this
amount, i.e. on average EUR 2799.
Estimated total savings:
5 billion euros
Study on eGovernment and the Reduction of Administrative Burden
Impact assessment as a preparation for Single Digital Gateway Regulation

14. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
How is it being solved?

15. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
Large scale pilot projects
EC, together with MS,
initiated the piloting of the
large-scale information
systems.
Most notable were:
•STORK (2.0) –
electronic identification
•Peppol – public
procurement domain
•e-Sens – cross-sector
services
•e-Codex - the e-justice
domain
•TOOP – the once-only
principle for businesses

16. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
Single digital gateway regulation (2018/1724)

17. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
SDGR Procedures for citizens and businesses

18. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
What infrastructures are being
employed for cross-border
digital public services?

19. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint

20. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
E-Delivery
•eDeliveryprovides set of standards and
specifications to create a secure
channel for the data and document
exchange by electronic means.
•Specifications
•AS4 Access Point
•eDelivery SMP specification
•Asynchronous data exchange
•Public and closed network
•Characteristics
•Domain independent
•Easily scalable
•Vendor neutral
•Multi- vendor
•Governance and Usage
•Connecting European Facility
•39 use cases: public sector, finance, justice, social
security etc.

21. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
EUCARIS
•EUCARIS is a proprietary solution and
enables cross-border data exchange of vehicle
registration, driving licenses, and other
transport-related data.
•Specifications:
•4 cornermodel
•Synchronous and asynchronous data-exchange
•Private network
•Characteristics:
•Proprietary solution
•Vertical Specialization
•Low-cost technical solution
•Easy to implement
•Governance and usage
•EUCARIS General Assembly
•EUCARIS is used by EU and EFTA countries and non-
EU countries.

22. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
E-Health
•eHDSI is a digital service infrastructure that enables data
exchange across borders EU in the health sector and aims
to establish conditions under which citizens may travel to
another EU country and receive treatment.
•Specifications:
•NCPeH Connector
•4 corner model
•Asynchronous
•Closed network
•Characteristics:
•Vertical specialisation
•Distributive architecture
•Open access specifications
•Governance and usage
•EC DG Sante
•Used in Finland, Estonia, Croatia, France, Spain and
Portugal

23. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
Business Registers Interconnection System (BRIS) ​
•Enables cross-border access to business
information on EU companies and ensures that
EU business registries communicate with each
other across the borders.
•Legal framework:
•Directive 2017/1132/EU
•Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/2244
•BRIS uses CEF eDelivery solution for data-
exchange
•Governance and Usage
•DSI/EC
•Implemented in all 27 MS of the EU and the EEA
countries, Iceland, Lichtenstein, and Norway

24. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
Particular focuson once-only
technical system

25. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
OOTS as administrative data-space
All relevant information about OOTS can be found here: Architecture - OOTSHUB -(europa.eu)

26. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
Let’s have a look at a prototype.

27. A joint initiative of the OECD and the EU, principally financed by the EU.
Restricted Use - À usage restreint
Questions for you
>What systems of data exchange
are you employing in your
collaboration?
>Do you find any relevant system
that may be reused for your
needs?