interpersonal behaviour

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1. PRESENTATION ON INTERPERSONAL BEHAVIOUR Submitted To: Submitted By: Mrs. Monika Sharma Palak Gupta Astt. Prof. (MBA) MBA-HR (2 ND ) R.NO. 01213014

2. Interpersonal Behavior… {IPB} IPB is the study of one’s own perception, knowledge , attitude & motivation and how these affect one’s behavior to the self & with others. It is characterized mainly by 3 factors… Communication skill : Knowledge / literacy / intelligence Listening skill Verbal skill Active listening/feedback

3. {continue…} Emotional intelligence : Self awareness Emotional maturity Social skill : Good eye contact Body language Empathy/understanding & assimilating ability

4. Types Of Interpersonal Behaviour Co-operative Behaviour Conflicting Behaviour

5. Understanding Interpersonal Behaviour Behavioral scientists recommend the use of Johari Window & Transactional Analysis(TA). JOHARI WINDOW : JW is a psychological too created by Joseph Luft & Harry Ingham in 1955 in u.s . It helps people to understand their better interpersonal relations & communication Luft and Ingham called their Johari Window model ' Johari ' after combining their first names, Joe and Harry . In early publications the word appears as ' JoHari '.

6. What actually Model Represents: The Johari Window model is also referred to as a 'disclosure/feedback model of self awareness', and by some people an 'information processing tool'. The Johari Window actually represents information - feelings, experience, views, attitudes, skills, intentions, motivation, etc - within or about a person - in relation to their group, from four perspectives. Johari window four quadrants: 1. what is known by the person about him/herself and is also known by others - open area, open self , free area, free self, or 'the arena‘. 2. what is unknown by the person about him/herself but which others know - blind area, blind self , or ' blindspot ‘. 3. what the person knows about him/herself that others do not know - hidden area, hidden self , avoided area, avoided self or 'facade‘. 4. what is unknown by the person about him/herself and is also unknown by others - unknown area or unknown self.

7. Transactional Analysis When two people interact with each other, they engage in social transactions, in which one person responds to the other. Study of such ” Social Transactions” is called ’ Transactional Analysis ’. What is a Transaction? A Transaction is an exchange of two strokes between two people. The first stroke is called ’Stimulus’ , the second is called the ’Response’.

8. TYPE OF TRANSACTIONS COMPLEMENTARY NON-COMPLEMENTARY To understand Transactional Analysis we must first understand EGO STATES: EGO STATES : Within each human being, several human beings are existing at the same time , depending upon how the person is behaving at any given time . 1 . Parent Ego State Set of thoughts, feelings,and behaviours learnt from parents or other care takers . This pertains to behaviors, thoughts and feelings copied from parents Nurturing Parent Soft, loving and permission giving

9. P While in the parent ego state ,people treat others like children. Critical Parent : This is a role where people becomes authoritative; caring; controlling; and sometimes bossy. A) PARENT-PARENT TRANSACTION Stimulus : Her duty is at home with children . Response : She has no sense of duty P P A C A C

10. Adult Ego State Oriented towards current reality and objectivity gathering of information. Data processing centre. This is a role of care, concern, respect, responsibility and maturity.

11. B) ADULT-ADULT TRANSACTIONS 1 . Stimulus : What’s the time? Response: Exactly 4 pm by my watch. P P A C A C

12. Child Ego State Seat of emotions , thoughts and memories from childhood. The ’child’ ego state has the liberty of fun loving and carefree behaviour. It is a storehouse of Creativity. It is a set of behaviors, thoughts and feelings replayed from our childhood These are permanent recordings and can’t be erased

13. C) CHILD-CHILD TRANSACTIONS P P A C A C

14. Crossed Transactions

15. Ego States

16. LIFE POSITIONS T.A has four possible life positions : I am O.K You are O.K You are O.K I am not O.K I am O.K You are not O.K I am not O.K You are not O.K You are O.K You are not O.K I am O.K I am not O.K

17. Psychological Positions

18. ” I’m O.K.- You’re O.K” This is the best known expression of the purpose of Transactional Analysis, which is: 1 . To reinforce the position that recognizes the value and worth of every person . 2 . Transactional Analysits regard people as basically ”O.K”and thus capable of change , growth,and healthy interactions .

19. STROKES

20. What are strokes? Stroke is a form of recognition(social, physical or emotional) that we receive from people around us. Strokes are of following types: Positive - When the other person is viewed positively and appreciated in different ways. Negative - The other person is viewed negatively and reprimanded for his behavior. Indifference - No attention is paid to the person either positively or negatively.

21. Script analysis Acc. To Shakespeare , “All the world is a stage. And all the men and woman are merely players. They have their exits and their entrances . Each plays many parts or roles ”. Role in script analysis Legitimate roles:- these roles are realistically appropriate to the situation. Illegitimate roles :-the roles are said to be illegitimate if they are used like masks and people use them for the purposes of manipulation

22. Time structuring Whenever people get together in pairs or groups, there are six different ways in which they can spend their time. Eric Berne listed these six modes of time structuring as Withdrawal. Rituals. Pastimes. Activities. Games. Intimacy

23. 1. Withdrawl : When a person withdraws, she may stay with the group physically, but does not transact with other group members. They try to avoid psychological risk of rejection. 2. Rituals Ritual transactions are simple and stereotyped, complementary transactions, like everyday hellos and good byes. All children learn the ritual appropriate tin their family culture. Rituals vary from a simple “Hi” to complicated religious rituals

24. Structurally , the program for rituals belong in the parent ego states . Functionally , rituals are usually performed in Adapted child. Pastimes In pastime, the participants talk about something but engage in no action concerning it. A frequent clue to pastime is “ Pastime = Past time .” Most often pastimers will discuss on what happened in the past. Pastiming yields mainly positive strokes , with some negatives. Compared to rituals, pastime strokes are more intense and predictable.

25. Activities In activity, the communication between the group members is directed at achieving a goal, not just talking about it. In activity, people are directing their energy towards some material outcomes. We are likely to be in activity for much of the time at our workplace.

26. Games We all play games from time to time. In games, group members exchange sequence of transactions and at the end of it, they both feel bad. All games are replays of childhood strategies that are no longer appropriate to us as grown ups.

27. Intimacy In intimacy, there are no secret messages . The social level and psychological levels are congruent. This is an important difference between intimacy and games. In intimacy, feelings expressed are appropriate to finish the situation . By contrast, feelings experienced at the end of a game do nothing to resolve the situation of the players. This is why games are played over and over again.

28. Advantages of T.A Improves Interpersonal Communication Simple to learn Applicable to Motivation . Helps in Organizational Development . Can be used at home as well as in office.

29. Thank You