Intravenous cannulation

This is a basic introduction to the intravenous cannulation for the beginners.

1. Intravenous Cannulation Sriyani Wijerathna Registered Nursing Officer BSc Nursing Under Graduate IIHS 9/14/2018

2. What is called cannulation ? A technique in which a cannula is placed inside a vein to provide venous access. Venous access allows sampling of blood, as well as administration of fluids, medications, parenteral nutrition, chemotherapy, and blood products .

3. Advantages Immediate effect Control over the rate of administration Patient who cannot tolerate drugs / fluids orally Some drugs cannot be absorbed by any other route

4. What equipment do you need? Gloves Cleaning liquid Gauze swab IV cannula Tourniquet Dressing to secure cannula Saline flush and sterile syringe to be administered

5. preperation Give explanation Gain consent Position the patient appropriately Identify the non-dominant hand / arm

6. Encourage venous filling by Correctly applying a tourniquet Opening & closing the fist Lowering the limb below the heart

7. Signs of a good vein ? Soft Refills when depressed Visible Has a large lumen Straight Easily palpable

8. Anatomy

9. Procedure Wash hands Remove the cannula from the packaging Apply tourniquet Identify vein Clean the site over the vein Allow to dry

10. Procedure Cont. Hold the cannula in your dominant hand Stretch the skin over the vein to anchor the vein Do not re palpate the vein Insert the needle (bevel side up) at an angle of10-30o to the skin Observe for blood in the flashback chamber

11. Procedure Cont. Lower the cannula slightly to ensure it enters the lumen Gently advance the cannula over the needle while withdrawing the guide Release the tourniquet Apply gentle pressure over the vein & remove the needle from the cannula

12. Procedure Cont. Remove the white cap from the needle & attach to the cannula Secure the cannula with an appropriate dressing Flush the cannula with 2-5 ml 0.9% Sodium Chloride or attach an IV giving set and fluid

13. Finally Thank the patient Document the procedure including Date & time Review date Clean up, dispose of rubbish

14. Possible Complications Cellulites Infiltration Thrombophlebitis

15. Possible Complications Cont. Extravasation Bruising Air embolism Haematoma

16. References Royal College of Nursing https://www.rcn.org.uk/publications/ Medscape , Intravenous cannulation https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/

17. Questions ???