Introduction in operative dentistry...pptx

Introduction in operative dentistry

1. Dr. Abdalmagid Alhammaly Conservative Thr³ year Introduction to Conservative Dentistry

2. Introduction:  It’s a branch or specialty that deals with the diagnosis, Treatment, and prognosis of defects of hard tooth structure (Enamel, dentine, cementum) that doesn’t require a full coverage restoration . Operative Dentistry also known as, Restorative Dentistry or Conservative Dentistry or Esthetic dentistry.

3. Indications 1.Treatment of carious lesion . 2.Treatment of non-carious lesion . 3.Treatment of malformed, discolored, or fractured teeth . 4.Esthetic enhancement . 5.Repair or replacement of old restorations.

4. O bjectives of C onservative D entistry : 1.Diagnosis : Proper diagnosis of lesions for planning the treatment Determination of nature, location, extent & severity of diseases. 2.Prevention : It includes procedures for prevention before the appearance of any sign and symptom of disease. 3.Interception : Procedures done after the appearance of signs and symptoms of the disease (dental caries) to prevent the extension of the lesion. 4.Preservation: Preservation of what has remained “Tooth structure or pulp” along with an effort to restore what has been lost. 5.Restoration: The restoration must be adequate to restore the form, function, and esthetic of the tooth structure. 6.Maintenance: After restoration is done, it must be maintained for longer useful service.

5. General Considerations : 1.Infection control for the safety of both dentist and patient against disease transmission . 2.Examination of all the oral cavity lead to correct diagnosis & prober treatment plan. 3.Properties of dental restorative materials, as each material have its own indications . 4.Oral environment, dental anatomy & effect of procedures on other dental treatment.

6. Preliminary Consideration for O perative D entistry

7. Patient Positions: make patient comfortable → Efficiency in operation . Zero position → when patient enters the clinic . 2. R eclined 45 degrees → most common patient positions . 3. Programmable operating positions. 4. Almost supine position: the patient's head, knees, and feet are approximately the same level . Patient and Operator Position

8. Chair and Patient Positions The most common patient positions for operative dentistry are almost supine or reclined 45 degree. The choice of patient position varies with the operator, the type of procedure, and the area of the mouth involved in the operation .

9. Occlusal plane of patient is at the level of operator’s elbow to avoid operator skeletal disorders .

10. Neutral Seated Position 1- Forearms parallel to the floor 2- Thighs parallel to the floor 3 - Hip angle of 90 ° 4 - Seat height positioned low enough so that are able to rest the heels of your feet on the floor

11. Neutral Head and Neck Position Goal: Head tilt of 0° to 15° The line from eyes to the treatment area should be as near to vertical as possible Avoid: Head tipped too far forward Head titled to one side

12. Neutral Back Position Goal: Leaning forward slightly from waist or hips Trunk flexion of 0° to 20° Avoid: Overflexion of the spine (curved back)

13. Neutral Shoulder Position Goal: Shoulders in horizontal line Weight evenly balanced when seated Avoid: Shoulders lifted up toward ears Shoulders hunched forward Sitting with weight on one hip

14. Operator Positions in related to patient position. A right-handed operator uses essentially three positions—right front, right, and right rear. T hese are sometimes referred to as the 7-o’clock, 9-o’clock, and 11-o’clock positions . For a left-handed operator, the three positions are the left front, left, and left rear positions, or the 5-o’clock, 3-o’clock, and 1-o’clock positions . A fourth position , direct rear position, or 12-o’clock position, has application for certain areas of the mouth .

15. Operating Positions Location of the operator (operator's arms) in relation to patient position . Rule: treated teeth level is same level as the operator's elbow

16. 9 o ̓ clock Turned slightly toward the clinician Chin-Up position

17. 8 o ̓ clock Turned slightly toward the clinician Chin-Down position

18. 12 o ̓clock position

19. 12 o ̓clock position

20. Posterior Aspects Facing Toward Me 9 o ̓clock (option 1 for 9 :00) Turned slightly away from the clinician Chin-Down position

21. 9 o ̓clock (Option 2 for 9:00) Turned slightly away from the clinician Chin Up position

22. Posterior Aspects Facing Away from Me 10 to 11 0 ̓clock Turned toward the clinician Chin-Down position

23. 10 to 11 o ̓clock Turned toward the clinician Chin – Up position

24. Recommended seating positions for operator and chairside assistant, with the height of the operating field approximately at elbow level of the operator

25. Light position for mandibular teeth Position the dental light directly above the patient’s head. The light should be as far above the patient as possible while still remaining within easy reach.

26. Light position for maxillary teeth Position the dental light above the patient’s chest and tilt the light so that the light beams shine into the patient’s mouth at an angle.

27. General Considerations. As a rule, when operating in the maxillary arch, the maxillary occlusal surfaces should be oriented approximately perpendicular to the Floor . When operating in the mandibular arch, the mandibular occlusal surfaces should be oriented approximately 45 degrees to the Floor. The operator’s face should not come too close to the patient’s face. The ideal distance is similar to that for reading a book while sitting in an upright position . Another important aspect of proper operating position is to minimize body contact with the patient . It is not appropriate for an operator to rest forearms on the patient’s shoulders or hands on the patient’s face or forehead . The patient’s chest should not be used as an instrument tray.