introduction of nanoparticles, advantages and disadvantages, characterization and applications

Nanoparticles, advantages and disadvantages, characterization and applications

1. A SEMINAR ON
NANOPARTICLES
Presented by
NIVEDITHA G
NARGUND COLLEGE OF PHARMACYNiveditha G 1

2. SEMINAROUTLINE
DEFINATION
ADVANTAGES, LIMITATIONS
NOVELNANOPARTICULATE SYSTEMS
CHARACTERIZATION OFNANOPARTICLES
THERAPEUTICAPPLICATIONS
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3. NOVEL NANOPARTICULATE SYSTEMS
ADVANTAGES OF NANOPARTICLES.
Biodegradable,
Nontoxic,
Sitespecific,
Longershelflife,
Highcarriercapacity,
Feasibilityofincorporationofbothhydrophilicand
hydrophobicsubstancesand
Feasibilityofvariableroutesofadministration.
LIMITATIONS
DrugscanbetargetedonlytoRESororganswhichare
phagocyticallyactive.
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4. NOVEL NANOPARTICULATE SYSTEMS
SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES (SLNs)
TheSLNsaresubmicroncolloidalcarriershavingsize
rangeof50–1000nm.
Theyarecomposedofphysiologicallipid,dispersedin
waterorinanaqueoussurfactantsolution.
Thesearecolloidaldrugcarriercombinesthe
advantagesofpolymericnanoparticles,fatemulsion
andliposomessimultaneouslyandavoidingsomeof
theirdisadvantages.
Here,toovercometheproblemsassociatedwiththe
liquidstateoftheoildroplets,theliquidlipidwas
replacedbyasolidlipid,
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5. NOVEL NANOPARTICULATE SYSTEMS
Advantages of SLNs
smallsizeandrelativelynarrowsizedistributionwhich
providebiologicalopportunitiesforsite-specificdrug
delivery,
controlledreleaseofthedrugoveraprolongedperiod
canbeachieved,
protectionofincorporateddrugagainstchemical
degradation,
possiblesterilizationbyautoclavingorirradiation,
notoxicmetabolitesareproduced,
relativelycheaperandstableand
easeoflargescaleproduction.
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6. NOVEL NANOPARTICULATE SYSTEMS
Preparation Methods of SLNs
High pressure homogenization technique
-Hot homogenization technique
-Cold homogenization technique
Microemulsion technique
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7. NOVEL NANOPARTICULATE SYSTEMS
Homogenization Techniques
1. Hot homogenization technique
involveshomogenizationofmeltedlipidsatelevated
temperature.
appliedtolipophilicandinsolubledrugs.
manyheatsensitivedrugscanalsobesafelyprocessed
becausetheexposuretimetohightemperaturesis
relativelyshort.
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8. SLN Preparation using SLN Preparation using
Hot Homogenization Tech Cold Homogenization Tech
MOP of SLNs:-
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10. NOVEL NANOPARTICULATE SYSTEMS
Homogenization Techniques
2. Cold homogenization technique
involveshomogenizationofasuspensionofsolidlipid
atroomtemperatureorbelow.
appliedtohydrophilicdrugs.
avoidsandminimizesmeltingprocessoflipidand
henceitissuitableforthermosensitivedrugs.
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11. NOVEL NANOPARTICULATE SYSTEMS
SYNTHETIC NANOPARTICLES USING MICROEMULSIONS
AS NANO-SIZE REACTORS.
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12. CHARACTERIZATION
The nanoparticles are characterized for size, density,
electrophoretic mobility, angle of contact and specific
surface area.
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13. CHARACTERIZATION
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14. CHARACTERIZATION
Size and Morphology
Freeze-fracture technique
-a very good technique
-size evaluation
-morphological determination of inner structure of
particles
Electron microscopy
-measures individual particles for size and its
distribution
-relatively less time consuming
TEM AND SEM
-permits differentiation among nanocapsules and
nanoparticles
-SEM is relatively less time consuming
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15. CHARACTERIZATION
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
-Using the AFM, individual particles and groups of particles
can beresolved
-applied for characterization of nanospheres and SLNs
-an effective means for the investigation of nanoparticle
behaviour in biological environment
AFM Images : Particle Visualization Display
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16. CHARACTERIZATION
Specific Surface
-sorptometer is used
-the specific surface area is calculated by the following
equation:
A = 6 / d . D
where,
A = specific surface area
d =density
D= diameter of the particle
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17. THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS
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18. Acnemedicationsfromantimicrobialnanoparticles,
Forimprovedstability–Influenzavaccine,
SuperficialandsystemicStaphinfectionscouldbe
managedviananoparticles,and
Asadiagnosticagents:
colloidalpreparationsareusedascarriersofradio
isotopesforstudyofmorphology,bloodflowandfunction
ofvariousorgansinthebody.
THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS
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