introduction of Operational Research .pptx

OPERATIONAL RESEARCH

1. OPERATIONAL RESEARCH Presented by:- Pradip Neupane Karnali College of Health Science

2. Overview “Operational Research is the scientific study of operations for the purpose of making better decisions.”

3. Overview  It is a discipline that deals with application of advanced analytical methods to facilitate better decisions . It represents the study of optimal resource allocation.

4. Overview In simple terms, it is described as “the science of better”.

5. History Operational Research has been existed as a science since 1930‘s . But as a formal discipline Operational Research originated by the efforts of military planner during World War II .

6. In the decade after World War-II the techniques began to be applied more widely in problems of business, industries and societies.

7. Definition • WHO (2003) “The use of systematic research techniques for program decision making to achieve a specific outcome.”

8. Objectives: • Decision making and improve its quality. • Identify optimum solution. • Integrating the systems • Improve the objectivity of analysis • Minimize the cost and maximize the profit • Improve the productivity. • Success in competition and market leadership • To develop more effective approaches to the programming.

9. Scope of operational research • National plans and budget. • Health care services and National Health Programs. • Government development and public sector unit. • Industrial establishment and private sector unit. • National defence services. • Research and development in engineering

10. • Public works department. • Business management. • Agriculture and irrigation projects. • Education and training. • Transport and communication

11. OPERATIONAL RESEARCH PROCESS 1 . Identification of program problem. 2 . Identification of possible reasons and solutions . 3 . Testing of potential solution. 4 . Results utilization. 5 . Results dissemination.

12. 1.Identification of the program problem Most critical step in the process. Unless problem is clearly defined it is impossible to develop good solutions.

13. 2. Identification of possible reasons and solutions Once the problem has been identified , it is the job of the program implementer and researcher to determine the reasons for the problem and generate possible solutions.

14. 3. Testing of potential solution A good solution must be measurable, easy to implement and sustainable. To determine effectiveness of proposed solution two designs are used- ( a) quasi-experimental design. - comparison of situations before and after the solution. ( b) true experiment. - comparison of outcome between experimental and control groups.

15. 4.Result utilization It is necessary to decide how its results are meant to be used. This determine to some extent that what information should be collected.

16. 5.Results dissemination Results dissemination are done in the form of seminars or by meeting with decision makers.