introduction review of analog circuits.pdf

Introduces sensor systems and hierarchy.

Explains the need for signal conditioning (scaling, amplification, filtering, conversion).

Covers MOSFET basics, current sources, current mirrors, biasing, and bandgap references.

Discusses noise in MOSFETs, single and multi-stage amplifiers, op-amp design, and output stages.

Introduces MOSFET switches, charge injection, switched capacitor circuits, comparators, and mismatch issues.

Contains references and evaluation policy

1. EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits
Dhanaraj K. J.
Associate Professor
ECED, NIT Calicut

2. 2EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits, Monsoon Semester 2025-26

3. 3EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits, Monsoon Semester 2025-26

4. Signal Conditioning
◦Sensor output not “always” suitable for ADC
too small - input range ADC not used effectively (scaling)
too sensitive - requires amplification or buffer
too much interference/noise - ADC saturates without filtering
wrong format - eg : resistive sensor (requires conversion)
4EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits, Monsoon Semester 2025-26

5. 5EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits, Monsoon Semester 2025-26

6. 6EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits, Monsoon Semester 2025-26

7. 7
LTPOC
30063
Pre-requisites: A first level course in Analog Circuits/equivalent
Course Outcomes:
CO1: Generate bias voltages and currents for various analog building blocks
CO2: Apply suitable device models to obtain circuit design parameters
CO3: Analyse and design single and multi-stage amplifiers
CO4: Make use of analog building blocks to realize dynamic, discrete-time
and filter circuits
Components in CMOS process, Review of MOSFET operation, small signal
and large signal models, Current sources and sinks, current mirrors, cascode
connection, low voltage cascode current mirrors, biasing current mirrors,
constant Gm biasing, start-up circuits, self-biasing techniques (CTAT and
PTAT), bandgap references - Review of single stage amplifiers - Design and
simulation of single stage amplifiers
EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits, Monsoon Semester 2025-26

8. 8
MOSFET noise sources, representation of noise in circuits, noise bandwidth,
noise estimation in single stage amplifiers and cascaded stages - Single
stage op amps, realizing buffer, folded cascode input stage, multi-stage
amplifiers, systematic design of two-stage op amp, noise in multi-stage
amplifiers – Output amplifiers, efficiency and distortion, push-pull
configuration, low impedance output stages, buffered op amps, Operational
transconductance amplifiers, unity gain frequency, Gm-C filters
MOSFET switch, charge injection and clock feedthrough, kT/C noise -
Introduction to switched capacitor circuits, resistor emulation using switch,
switched capacitor integrator, switched capacitor equivalents of continuous-
time filters - Latched comparators, time constant, offset, CMOS
transconductors using triode and active transistors, Random and systematic
mismatch in CMOS process, circuit and layout techniques to reduce
mismatch
EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits, Monsoon Semester 2025-26

9. 9
References:
1.B.Razavi, Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuit, 2
nd
Edition Mc Graw
Hill India, 2017
2.P. Allen & D. Holberg, CMOS Analog Circuit Design, 3
rd
Edition, Oxford
University Press, 2013
3.R.J. Baker, H.W.Li and D.E.Boyce, CMOS Circuit Design, Layout and
Simulation, 3
rd
Edition, Wiley -Blackwell , 2010
4.T. C. Carusone, D. Johns and K. Martin, Analog Integrated Circuit Design,
2
nd
Edition, Wiley India 2014.
EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits, Monsoon Semester 2025-26

10. Evaluation Policy
◦Mid Semester Exam : 30%
◦Assignments: 30%
◦End Semester Exam: 40%
Grading Policy
◦Relative
10EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits, Monsoon Semester 2025-26

11. 11EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits, Monsoon Semester 2025-26

12. 12EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits, Monsoon Semester 2025-26

13. 13
RC<<T
1
RC>>T
1
EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits, Monsoon Semester 2025-26

14. 1.Juneja S, Pratap R, Sharma R. Semiconductor technologies for
5G implementation at millimeter wave frequencies–Design
challenges and current state of work. Engineering Science and
Technology, an International Journal. 2021 Feb 1;24(1):205-17.
2.https://www.semi.org/en/communities/flextech/what-are-flexible-
electronics#:~:text=Flexible%20Electronics%3A%20generally%20
refers%20to,circuits%20on%20a%20conformable%20substrate.
3.https://www.intechopen.com/books/very-large-scale-
integration/low-power-design-methodology
4.J.Millmanand H.Taub , Pulse, digital and switching waveforms
McGraw-Hill (1965).
14

15. 15EC3021E: Analog MOS Integrated Circuits, Monsoon Semester 2025-26