Introduction to archival storage market, and the future of deep cold data storage.

Archival data storage overview, discusses market opportunity and how Zerras is leading with optical data storage appliance.

1. COMPANY INTRODUCTION LIVE. FOREVER. EASPnet Taiwan 9.152023 Lee Yee

2. THE EARLIEST FORMS OF DATA STORAGE HAS SUFFERED MUCH DATA LOSS (BASED ON HUMAN READABLE CARVINGS AND PAPER) 2200 year-old Greek land contract 3500 year-old prediction 1000 year-old bank note 30,000 year-old story 6000 year-old document

3. MODERN DATA STORAGE DEVELOPED BASED ON MACHINE READABLE TECHNOLOGY LANGUAGE, ENCODING & DECODING METHOD, MATERIAL MAGNETIC STORAGE DNA STORAGE ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT STORAGE OPTICAL STORAGE CLOUD Solid-state Non-volatile memory Hard disk Tape, Film Laser, glass, metaloid Bio-molecular

4. WHERE IS ALL OF HUMANITY’S DATA STORED TODAY? MAGNETIC STORAGE DNA STORAGE ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT STORAGE OPTICAL STORAGE 1 ZETTABYTE OF HDD SHIPPED IN 2021 FOR THE FIRST TIME 2.5 PETABYTES (EST) PER HUMAN X 8 BILLION PEOPLE = 20,000 ZETTABYTES 3 MILLION YEARS TO DOWNLOAD ALL THE DATA ON INTERNET @44MB/S 2000 YEARS TO LISTEN TO 1 PETABYTE OF MUSIC 341 MILLION 3-MINUTE MP3 = 1 PETABYTE

5. 90% OF ALL DATA IN THE WORLD WAS CREATED IN LAST 10 YEARS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE & ROBOTICS DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION RICH IMMERSIVE MEDIA, GRAPHICS AND INTERFACES SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH & SIMULATION FAST COMMUNICATION NETWORKS & MOBILITY AUTOMATION DATA LOSS AND PRIVACY COST CONTAINMENT USE AND AVAILABILITY

6. HDD AREAL DENSITY DOUBLING EVERY 18 MONTHS HAS REACHED ITS PEAK KRYDER’S LAW: SNAPSHOT HAMR/MAMR announcements have been made, but high product costs keep it from being adopted. Kryder’s Law isn’t about how to put more bits on a platter to make storage cheaper, but how storage drives will shape the industries of the future. HDD are reaching $15 per TB. However, HDD are not suitable for long-term archival storage. SOURCE: COUGHLIN ASSOCIATES 2020

7. THE 6 TH V OF THE MODERN DATA ECONOMY EVOLUTION FROM BIG DATA TO LONG DATA Be immutable, Survive data remastering, time and be conveniently discoverable and available. 2001 2021 DATA GROWTH PETABYTES LARGE DATA SETS STORAGE CAPACITY VOLUME PROCESSING TIME IN MOTION / AT REST BATCH REAL-TIME STREAMS VELOCITY DATA SOURCES STRUCTURED / SEMI UNSTRUCTURED COMPLEXITY OF RELATIONSHIPS MACHINE / HUMAN VARIETY TRUST / ORIGINS ACCURACY/VALIDITY AVAILABILITY AUTHENTICITY GOVERNANCE VERACITY COSTS /BENEFITS INSIGHTS USEFULNESS ANALYTICS VISUALIZATION VALUE LONGEVITY DURABILITY / SURVIVABILITY CONTINUOUS UTILITY DATA AS ASSETS / PROPERTY CUSTODY VITALITY

8. ACTIVE ARCHIVES TIERED STORAGE MANAGEMENT An active archive is a tiered storage topology/solution that gives IT systems or human end-users access to data through a common, unified file system that automatically retrieves and places that data on the appropriate storage tier. The information archiving market was worth an estimated $6.4 billion U.S. dollars annually in 2021. Growing to $10bn by 2025 worldwide. ( Statistica May 2021) TAPE/OPTICAL MEDIA

9. HOT DATA COLD DATA AMOUNT OF DATA STORING MORE DATA -LONGER TREND Over 60% of all data is archival Most data becomes archival data after 90 days Data retention of 25-100+ years common Probability of access <1% after 1+ years AMOUNT OF COLD DATA IS GROWING FASTER THAN OTHER TIERS 0 days Data Creation 0 days 30+ days 90+ days Archive 1+ years Permanent Storage +Perpetual Storage Response Ms Ms.-sec Minutes Hours Hours-days Hours-days Creation Security/encryption Long-term storage Long-term perpetual storage 100% 0% 50% Source Horison ,, Inc. % <1% Probability of Access WORM=WRITE ONCE, READ MANY WORSE= WRITE ONECE, READ SELDOM IF EVER WORN=WRITE ONCE, READ NEVER Value of data increases Active data Moderate Activity Low Activity Preservation data

10. WHAT IS DIGITAL PRESERVATION? From making policies and decisions, getting the understanding right could mean all the difference between business alignment, making errors or mistakes. Good thing is that mistakes can be rectified. Any medium or device that keeps data in a state of memory or retention. Data storage also provides the capacity to access and retrieve the data according to the requestors’ requirements of the written and retained data. DATA STORAGE Backup and restore is the process of replicating data so that there is at least a duplicate copy of data to be recovered from in any data loss event such as system failure, cyberattacks, disasters, theft, or security breach. DATA BACKUP is the process and policies of moving non-active aging data to a separate storage device, repository, or location for determined periods of time. it aims to retain, index, search, automate, and provide management capabilities so that files can readily be located, retrieved, deleted, or made accessible DATA ARCHIVE is the process, policies, and actions of conserving and maintaining both the safety and integrity of high value data for an indefinite amount of time. The purpose is to protect data, knowledge or digital assets from being lost or destroyed, and to contribute to the reuse of the data which deals with the perpetual management and remastering of data collections for future use. DATA PRESERVATION 01 02 03 04 KNOWING THE DIFFERENCE

11. LIVE. FOREVER. ZERRAS DEFEND Empower organizations to defend its data for long-term storage. SAFEGUARD Capacitate custodians to protect permanent data collections and digital property. PRESERVE Enable data owners to prolong its high value data to ensure the greatest utility for the future. THE FUTURE OF LONG-TERM ARCHIVAL DATA STORAGE IS OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY MISSION & VISION

12. PRODUCT RE-DESIGN FROM ORIGINAL PATENT FIRST MAJOR ODM PARTNER PROJECT FIRST USER CUSTOMERS Robotic design for high-capacity optical library. Multi-year project to develop and harden the hardware/software product for China market Private-labeled product distributed by archival solution provider to government and institutions HOW WE STARTED HISTORY KNOWN IN THE INDUSTRY AS DACAL TECHNOLOGY, BASED IN TAIWAN, THE COMPANY HAD MANY SUCCESSES WITH DESIGNING AND MANUFACTURING COMPUTER APPLIANCES FOR SEVERAL BRANDS ORIGIN OEM / ODM MANUFACTURER OF CONUSMER ELECTRONICS AND STORAGE COMPUTING PRODUCTS 2016 2017 2018

13. MINIMUM VIABLE PRODUCT ZERRAS FOUNDED Battle-tested in the field develop product market fit, and first product roadmap. Formation of new C-corporation based in the United States. A NEW BEGINNING HISTORY The pandemic has changed the world as we know it. Digitalization is the norm. Data storage for a new creator economy that emphasizes digital property. WHERE WE ARE NOW AUG 2021 DEC 2021 2022 GO-TO-MARKET NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT REBOOT Rethink market and product requirements and opportunity MAR 2021

14. LEE YEE A company is an association or collection of individuals, whether natural persons, legal persons, or a mixture of both. Company members share a common purpose. EASON CHEN A company is an association or collection of individuals, whether natural persons, legal persons, or a mixture of both. Company members share a common purpose. MEET THE TEAM CO-FOUNDER & CEO CO-FOUNDER & CTO ANIL UBEROI STRATEGIC ADVISOR A company is an association or collection of individuals, whether natural persons, legal persons, or a mixture of both. Company members share a common purpose.

15. ZERRAS IS POWERING OPTICAL STORAGE FOR THE MODERN DATA ECONOMY FROM BIG DATA TO LONG DATA FOCUS ON TIER 3/4 COLD STORAGE MARKET 20 YEAR HISTORY IN OPTICAL AND DATA STORAGE MARKET HQ BASED IN SILICON VALLEY 6 th V: VITALITY Be immutable Survive data remastering, time and Conveniently discoverable and available.

16. THE PRESERVATION OF HUMAN POTENTIAL: MARKET OPPORTUNITY growing 40% annually- many organizations will struggle to handle the long-term growth -IDC 2021 175 ZB In the global datasphere by 2025 The creator economy value chain coupled with new digital tools is just getting started 42M PB Required for perpetual storage by 2030 Of the 60M petabytes shipped through 2030 will require deep archive – Gartner 8/21 45% CAGR Metaverse market value growth projected through 2027 DIGITAL CREATIONS, RESEARCH, RECORDS, PRICELESS ARTIFACTS OF CULTURE, AND DIGITAL PROPERTY - BOTH PERSONAL AND ENTERPRISE

17. Optical storage technology provides industries a level of data permanence and security needed to bridge the phygital metaverse: digital assets, property, compliance TARGET INDUSTIES AND APPLICATIONS GOVERNMENT LIFE SCIENCE ENTERPRISE LIBRARY & ARCHIVAL SCIENCE PEOPLE AND CULTURE ENTERTAINMENT AND MEDIA REGULATORY COMPLIANCE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH RECORD KEEPING DIGITAL PRESERVATION DIGITAL MEDIA PRODUCTION DIGITAL IMMORTALIZATION

18. The ability to collect money or benefits in order to let someone buy, trade, access or use the digital asset. ECONOMIC RENT Data has the value in understanding the past for future generations if it can be safeguarded or monetized against time. Data can be put to work if it is available. REUSABLE FOR THE FUTURE Reliable integrity, authenticity, completeness, physical durability, and safety of the data at the level of the record. – NOT POLICY. It becomes permanent memory. ZERO TRUST DATA THE VALUE OF LONG-TERM IMMUTABLE DATA BENEFITS DATA THAT REMAINS UNALTERABLE AND UNMODIFIED ON THE MEDIUM

19. PRESERVING HIGH VALUE DATA AND DIGITAL ASSETS ANY DIGITAL ASSETS THAT INCLUDES THE RIGHT TO USE, FOR DISTRIBUTION, OR FOR DATA AUTHENTICITY NON-FUNGIBLE TOKENS/ CRYPTO BRAND & MARKETING ASSETS FINANCIAL RECORDS & DOCUMENTS VIDEO & AUDIO CONTENT ANIMATION, GRAPHICS, CAD & MEDIA FILES IMAGES & PHOTOGRAPHY ASSETS SURVEILLANCE & EVIDENCE FILES MEDICAL DATA RECORDS & IMAGES SCIENTIFIC, TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH DATA FILES & COLLECTIONS LONG-TERM FILE STORAGE SYSTEM FOR

20. 10 AGENTS OF DATA LOSS AND DETERIORATION LONG-TERM DATA PRESERVATION PHYSICAL FORCE THEFT, MALWARE VANDALISM INCORRECT TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY FIRE, WATER, LIGHT, POLLUTANTS, PESTS HUMAN ERROR IMPROPER IDENTIFICATION AND ORGANIZATION ELECTRO-MAGNETIC PULSES AND FIELDS STORAGE MEDIA DECAY HARDWARE, SOFTWARE OBSOLESCENCE CUSTODIAL NEGLECT, LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT DATA LOSS & DETERIORATION

21. DIGITAL ASSET MANAGEMENT LIFECYCLE THE FOUR STATES OF DATA DATA IN USE DATA IN MOTION DATA AT REST DATA IN PRESERVATION THE VALUE OF DATA INCREASES WHEN IT MOVES MANAGE RETRIEVE ARCHIVE STORE CREATE DESTROY OWNERSHIP COMPLIANCE SOVERIGNTY CUSTODIANSHIP ACCESS

22. INTRODUCING ENERGY-SAVING & ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY GREEN STORAGE LIBRARY THE WORLD’S MOST

23. REDUCING THE ANNUAL POWER CONSUMPTION & COSTS REQUIRED TO STORE INFORMATION EACH YEAR OPTICAL STORAGE SOLUTION Light: Science & Applications (2014) 3, e177; doi:10.1038/lsa.2014.58 2014 CIOMP 1.0 kWh per effective TB for current HDD-based data centers (0.8–1.8 kWh TB , including storage and cooling costs compared with 0.3kWh OSA 60W POWER CONSUMPTION WHEN ACTIVE 12W POWER CONSUMPTION WHEN IDLE ZERO POWER CONSUMPTION WHEN DATA IS OFFLINE ZERO HEAT DISSAPATION ICEBOX GEN 1 ULTRA-LOW ENERGY CONSUMPTION PER WRITING CYCLE AND IDLE STATE Potential energy savings of 70% 100 50 Years 2 5 10 20 50 100 HDD (kWh) 8760 21900 43800 87600 219000 438000 OSA (kWh) 2628 2628 2628 2628 2628 2628 Saving 70% 88% 94% 97% 98.8% 99.4% Lifetime (years) Optical Storage Array HDD Array 99.4% power consumption savings over 100 years

24. Lowest power consumption and zero heat dissipation. 12W when idle. 20 Terabytes of immutable and removeable data storage High capacity removeable 200-disc media capsule Single-disc front-panel code-protected access Easy connect to PC/Laptop fast USB 3.0 interface Meets highest regulatory standards for compliant data retention Low maintenance design and total cost of ownership 100% Blu-ray disc backward compatibility Easy deployment. Secure and simple integration into MS Windows administration ICEBOX GEN1 OPTICAL STORAGE LIBRARY

25. STORAGE CASE OFFLINE Stackable protection or in-shelf offline management with RFID tracking, Protection for transport SECURES. DEFENDS. PRESERVES. ICEBOX Prevents tampering of data Patented Dual drive 4U library base Turn and click to remove/lock 8 sec disc loading time 288 Mbps read/write 20 TB STORAGE CAPSULE ICE CAPSULE Holds 200 high quality BDXL single sided WRITE ONCE DISCS – RFID enabled.

26. SCALE OFFLINE STORAGE AS YOU GROW 50 CAPSULES / 1000 DISCS UP TO 1 PB OF STORAGE UP TO 200 TB IN A SINGLE 42U RACK FLEXIBLE, MODULAR CONFIGURATIONS SEPARATE 1U MEDIA FILE SERVER / CONTROLLER HIGHLY RELIABLE, LOW MAINTEANCE ROBOTICS BALANCED PERFORMANCE AGAINST TCO NETWORK-ATTACHED STORAGE SOLUTION

27. HIGHEST LEVEL OF INTEGRITY AND TRUST PRESERVE DATA WITH THE Data written on immutable media is evidence that they are what they purport to be. Data is etched into a record of finality withstanding time. Non-reversible and erasable. PERMANENCE Files and data are protected from alteration, deletion, willful negligence, for as long as the records are retained on write-once media for the full retention period. TAMPER-PROOF Data is retrieved though ISO standards and open file systems that processes and reproduces records in a format that can be read by persons for the long term. COMPATIBLE Data is readily accessible through random access whenever they need to be retrieved. Virtual data stores provide ultra fast access to application servers and networked environments. ACCESSIBLE Meets the common set of international foundational requirements regarding the acceptance of electronic records in a court of law, investigation, or regulatory hearing The ICEBOX File Manager is capable of automatically recording mirror images for duplicate recovery copies of originals. REDUNDANT Offers the highest protection and resistance to climate environments and disasters. Water, temperature, flooding, electromagnetic fields RESILIENT Produces log files for keeping audit trails of process management evidence. inherent and automatic audit trail of all stored records. ACCOUNTABLE Medium provides over 100+ years of data retention and protection against data deterioration Full backward compatibility of standard BDXL discs. Reduces migration and transfers during retention periods. DURABLE

28. THE LOWEST TCO OF ANY RANDOM ACCESS STORAGE MEDIUM / DEVICE OPTICAL STORAGE SOLUTION A 2015 study by Hitatchi Data Systems estimated and concluded the TCO for different storage types. Costs of additional media capacity per year Management and administrative staff costs for life of the system Migration of data to new storage medium and new drives costs Energy, cooling and backup power supply costs Equipment energy power consumption costs Storage area networking costs Service provider data transfer/retrieval fees, cloud outsourcing costs Physical and Cyber security costs Disaster recovery costs including secondary sites Data center space, floor space, offsite warehousing costs Software file systems, storage management tools, and licensing costs Loss of data or loss of business costs Data lifecycle management costs, archival, deduplication, compression, knowledge management costs Monitoring system, performance management, and virtualization software costs   Costs related to waiting for storage to be provisioned, recovered, system downtime, or brought online for data accessibility  Over-provisioning capacity costs Testing, integration, and installation of new technologies costs Transportation costs related to data storage forklifts or movement Procurement, finance, and insurance costs Spare parts and warranty costs   Media Retail price (reference only): BDXL: $100 @ 1 TB = $.10 per GB ODA: $200 @ 5.5 TB = $0.04 per GB SATA HD: $600 @ 18 TB = $0.03 per GB LTO 9: $280 @ 18 TB = $.02 per GB

29. TRUSTED BY COMPANIES AROUND THE WORLD TO PERPETUALLY STORE AND DEFEND ITS DATA First Historical Archives of China National Archives Administration of China Xinhua News Agency Chinese Academy of Sciences China Pictorial Sichuan Provincial Dept of Archives Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank Second Historical Archives of China https://english.cas.cn/ http://www.lsdag.com http://www.shac.net.cn http://en.srcb.com/index.shtml https://www.saac.gov.cn/ http://www.chinapictorial.com.cn http://www.xinhuanet.com/ http://www.scsdaj.gov.cn China Unicom https://www.chinaunicom.com.hk

30. ROADMAP & PRODUCT LIFECYCLE MOVING TOWARDS AN ERA OF LONG DATA OPTICAL DISCs are expected to catch up and exceed LTO density and TCO in less than 10 years. New optical media such as quartz glass storage will solidify optical technology as the ultimate in long data storage. Zerras ’ dominant library designs will drive long-term data preservation value. 2020 20-25 TB PER CAPSULE 10 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 20 40 60 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 40-45 TB PER CAPSULE 13 DISC CARTRIDGE DESIGN + STAND ALONE DRIVE LONG DRIVE AND MEDIA PRODUCT LIFECYCLE PHYSICAL CAPACITY (TB) BDXL / SINGLE SIDED ODA / NGOM BDXL / DOUBLE SIDED 2032 Gen 1 Gen 1.5 Gen 3 ODA / NGOM 100 TB PER CAPSULE Gen 2 10 DISC CARTRIDGE SINGLE DRIVE 200 TB PER CAPSULE CARTRIDGE LIBRARY CARTRIDGE LIBRARY Gen 2.5 Gen 3.5 Gen 4

31. ICEBOX G1 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Media Capacity per cartridge Native capacity 20TB (100GB x 200 pcs BD-R discs) (Recommend 100GB Enterprise BDXL) Number of BD-Drive 1.5Gbits / Sec SATA II interface Blu-ray Drive x 2 Power Consumption : BD-R 6X (Sleep) 0.375W / BR-R 6X (Write) 4.73W / BR-R 6X (Write) 4.58W 、 Random Access (Read) 6.05W Write / Read Speed : Write – 72Mpbs~216Mbps / Read - 72Mpbs~216Mbps Media 12cm Discs / BDSL 、 BDDL 、 BDTL 、 BDXL 、 BD LtH Cartridge Hot Swappable  Yes Power Supply 110~240V AC 50Hz / 60Hz Power Consumption (Operating) Max 60Watt / Idle 12Watt Host Interface USB 3.0 RFID Offline Management Yes Control Keypad Yes Password Protect Yes Operating Temperature 5°C to 50°C (41°F to 122°F) Operating Humidity 20% to 80% (relative humidity) Storage Temperature -20°C to +60°C (-4°F to +140°F) API / HID Command Support Yes (Support Windows) / HID Command (Support Linux) Zerras File Manager OS Supported - Windows Server 2019 - Windows Server 2016 - Windows Server 2012 R2 - Windows Server 2012 - Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 Support Disc Format UDF 2.3~2.6 Dimensions (W x H x D) /Weights 483mm x 180mm x 470mm / 12kgs Certification CB / RoHS Accessories USB 3.0 Cable / Power Cord / Media Storage Box

32. OPTICAL DRIVE & MEDIA SUPPORT OPTICAL STORAGE SOLUTION WRITE Industrial Slim Slot BD-R SL / DL 6X CAV (96.6Mbps~216Mbps) BD-R TL / XL 4X ZCLV (72Mpbs~144Mbps) BD-R TL / QL / LtH 4X ZCLV (72Mpbs~144Mbps) BD-R LtH 4X ZCLV (72Mpbs~144Mbps) BD-RE SL / DL / TL 2X CLV (72Mbps) READ Industrial Slim Slot BD-R ROM / SL / DL 6X CAV (96.6Mbps~216Mbps) BD-R SL / DL 6X CAV (96.6Mbps~216Mbps) BD-R TL / XL 4X PCAV (93.6Mpbs~144Mbps) BD-R LtH 5X CAV (72Mpbs~180Mbps) BD-RE SL / DL 5X CLV (72Mbps~180Mbps) Single-sided 100 / 128 GB BD-R TL / XL

33. MEDIA CONTROLLER SERVER REQUIREMENTS Form Factor 1U rack, Height: 43mm (1.69 inches), Width: 435mm (17.13 inches), Depth: 545mm (21.5 inches) Processor (max)  Intel ®  Xeon ®  processor or AMD EPYC™ Memory 64GB of 2666MHz  Disk Bays - Maximum Internal Storage 4x 3.5-inch simple- or hot-swap SATA or SAS drives Network Interface 2.5GbE Port x 2 / 1GbE port x 1,1GbE dedicated management x 1 / 25GbE SFP28 SmartNIC Port Device Interface 10 Port USB 3.0 Hub

34. ICEBOX FILE MANAGER SOFTWARE OPTICAL STORAGE SOLUTION The API Package for Zerras Icebox File Manager software provides an application programming interface (API) for 32 bit and 64 bit (x64) Windows applications which allows controlling the ICEBOX File Manager Service from your application. Console applications as well as Windows applications can make use of the services of the Icebox File Manager API DLL. For network applications Icebox Manager API can also be used on a network client. This capability allows applications to control Icebox File Manager from any system in the network. The binary modules of the Icebox Manager API DLL have been created using Microsoft Visual C++ 2005. The Icebox Manager API provides functions to query information about slots, media, volumes and volume Sets: Set-up and control connection to the Icebox Manager Service Query information about configured devices and media Activate / deactivate devices or media Move media Volume / Volume Set management Background jobs Miscellaneous functions ICEBOX File Manager Software features Migration Process Offline Management Media Mirroring Volume Set Function Media Quality Diagnosis Windows Clustering Data Protect (Encryption) Windows Cluster Support API Programming Support ICEBOX Manager API Function to integration Virtual Disc Library Statistics Information Medium Change Optimization Cache Configuration Dynamic Image Recording Automatic Error Recovery

35. GENERAL STORAGE TOPOLOGY OPTICAL STORAGE SOLUTION ICEBOX 4U Storage Clusters JBOD SPF+ Fiber Channel / G Ethernet USB 3.0 FC SAN Tape Media Control Server Cloud NAS Server rsync Database Server Offline Rack Storage Shelf 42U Rack Application Server

36. LONG-TERM DATA PRESERVATION IN HEALTHCARE OPTICAL STORAGE SOLUTION Radiology Information system Picture archive and communication system Hospital Information System Patient information Unstructured data Application Server Data Archive Management Medical Applications and Departments All Flash Array Server HDD Array Server Primary storage node JBOD Tape Backup and restore Offline Rack Storage Shelf with RFID tracking Ethernet Optical library ICEBOX G1 Media Controller Server USB 3.0 Virtual Optical Store Application Server Application Server Secondary storage node I/O Zerras Icebox File Manager Software is installed on the Media Controller/Server.

37. DATA PRESERVATION OPTICAL STORAGE SOLUTION MUSEUMS, LIBRARIES, ARCHIVES All Flash Array Server HDD Array Server Primary storage node JBOD Tape Backup and restore Offline Rack Storage Shelf Ethernet Optical library ICEBOX G1 Media Controller Server USB 3.0 Virtual Optical Store ( Storage Cache) Filing System Library Document System Preservation archiving information system, catalog, meta data management Digitalization of assets APP Server Node Secondary storage node Zerras Icebox File Manager Software is installed on the Media Controller/Server.

38. VIRTUAL OPTICAL STORE (VOS) OPTICAL STORAGE SOLUTION VIRTUAL OPTICAL STORE 1 OPTICAL STORAGE LIBRARY HARD DISK CACHE (JBOD) DISK ARRAYS ICEBOX LIBRARY UNIT 1 STORAGE VOLUMES ARCHIVED ON OPTICAL DISCS ICEBOX LIBRARY UNIT N STORAGE VOLUMES ARCHIVED ON OPTICAL DISCS FILE MANAGER SOFTWARE BACKGROUND MOVE PROCESS ADD/REMOVE DISC/VOLUME/FILE VIRTUAL OPTICAL STORE N HARD DISK CACHE (JBOD) DISK ARRAYS MEDIA CONTROLLER NETWORK FILE SERVER USB / ETHERNET FIBRE CHANNEL CIFS/SMB KNOWLEDGE CONTENT RECORDS PRESERVATION WEB ARCHIVE SYSTEMS APP SERVERS SOFTWARE/MANAGEMENT CLOUD SERVICES A VOS is a hard disk-based storage server area where the data of the optical media will be copied to. It is used to cache whole media (optical discs), storage volumes, or files on hard disk such that archived data can be easily made accessible and online to archivists and users. You can create many VOS which may be located on different hard disks, private storage networks, or the public cloud. CIFS/SMB PROTOCOLS

39. Media Controller Server OFFLINE STORAGE RACK SHELF WITH RFID TRACKING OPTICAL STORAGE SOLUTION Switch RFID Sensor RFID Sensor 42U Rack Shelf (Storage Capsules Only) RFID Sensor RFID Controller RFID Reader RFID Reader USB Port LED Light (Front) LED Light (Back) GPIO(I2C) GPIO(I2C) Offline Rack shelf ID Base ID Base ICEBOX removeable storage capsules are fitted with RFID tags. When the capsules are removed from the library unit, they are placed into storage boxes and placed into offline storage racks/shelves. The offline storage racks are fitted with RFID sensors that link the location of the storage capsules and volumes such that archived data can be inventoried and tracked in a database. 42U Rack ICEBOX Libraries 42U Rack ICEBOX Libraries

40. VIRTUAL OPTICAL STORE (VOS) OPTICAL STORAGE SOLUTION VIRTUAL OPTICAL STORE 1 OPTICAL STORAGE LIBRARY HARD DISK CACHE (JBOD) DISK ARRAYS ICEBOX LIBRARY UNIT 1 STORAGE VOLUMES ARCHIVED ON OPTICAL DISCS ICEBOX LIBRARY UNIT N STORAGE VOLUMES ARCHIVED ON OPTICAL DISCS FILE MANAGER SOFTWARE BACKGROUND MOVE PROCESS ADD/REMOVE DISC/VOLUME/FILE VIRTUAL OPTICAL STORE N HARD DISK CACHE (JBOD) DISK ARRAYS MEDIA CONTROLLER NETWORK FILE SERVER USB / ETHERNET FIBRE CHANNEL CIFS/SMB KNOWLEDGE CONTENT RECORDS PRESERVATION WEB ARCHIVE SYSTEMS APP SERVERS SOFTWARE/MANAGEMENT CLOUD SERVICES A VOS is a hard disk-based storage server area where the data of the optical media will be copied to. It is used to cache whole media (optical discs), storage volumes, or files on hard disk such that archived data can be easily made accessible and online to archivists and users. You can create many VOS which may be located on different hard disks, private storage networks, or the public cloud. CIFS/SMB PROTOCOLS

41. OTHER BACKUP SLIDES OPTICAL STORAGE SOLUTION

42. DATA SPAWL EXPECTED ANNUAL DATA GROWTH RATE 297 TB in internally managed data centers 221 TB in cloud repositories (public, private, industry) 201 TB in third party data centers 193 TB in edge and remote locations 89 TB in other locations 570 TB in internally managed data centers 498 TB in cloud repositories (public, private, industry) 407 TB in third party data centers 390 TB in edge and remote locations 160 TB in other locations 2020: TOTAL ENTERPRISE DATA VOLUME OF 1 PB 2022: TOTAL ENTERPRISE DATA VOLUME OF APPROXIMATELY 2.02 PB +42.2% AVG. ANNUAL GROWTH OVER 2 YEARS Source: The Seagate Rethink Data Survey, IDC, 2020 Enterprise or personal data doesn’t reside in one location. It depends on the workload, use case, costs, and level of management ability.

43. BEST PRACTICE STRATEGIES FOR KEEPING DATA SAFE 3-2-1 BACKUP RULE HAVING MULTIPLE COPIES OF CRITICAL DATA PROVIDES REASSURANCES THAT DATA WILL SURVIVE ANY LIKELY HAZARDS. FROM MALICIOUS ATTACKS, NATURAL DISASTERS, DATA CORRUPTION Primary data + 2 other copies. Redundancy to protect against incidents such as theft, fire, disasters, disgruntled employee. COPIES Primary data on 1 type of media (HDD) and copy of data on another media (TAPE / OPTICAL/CLOUD) COPIES ON DIFFERENT TECH Keep secondary or tertiary data offsite in another remote location to strengthen data security. COPY OFFSITE 3 2 1 321 = 3 COPIES, 2 SITES, AND 1 TECHNOLOGY 322 = 3 COPIES, 2 SITES, AND 2 TECHNOLOGIES HARD DISK DRIVES AND TAPE ARE SAME MAGNETIC TECHOLOGY WITH SAME VULNERABILITIES

44. ARCHIVE TO TAPE: THE OPTION TODAY BENEFITS MAKE A SECOND COPY STORE THE SECOND COPY MIGRATE TAPE EVERY 3 YEARS REMASTER THE DATA BFORE POTENTIAL FAILURE: BIT FLIP, CURLING ROADMAP FOR HIGHER TAPE CAPACITY AND DRIVES LEGACY PRACTICE IN MANAGING TAPE BACK UP AND RESTORES PREDICTABLE COST RESULTS INCREASE IN CAPACITY IS DICTATED BY STORAGE NEEDS CONTINUOUS, TEDIOUS PROCESS LINEAR PROCESS COSTLY REMASTERING PROCESS, DRIVES, AND MEDIA REFRESH

45. ADDING OPTICAL DATA STORAGE TO YOUR DATA CENTER Separate back-up and restore functions Supplement magnetic storage with optical media to create a preservation tier Differentiate magnetic tape and optical from exposure to environmental conditions Optical storage requires a small amount of energy to maintain vs creative on-off power management solutions Avoid forced migration costs allowing for cost savings and long-term planning

46. LINEAR TAPE OPEN LTO ULTRIUM ROADMAP Over 5.6 million drives [1], 351,732,245 cartridges and 370,870 Billion GB of media capacity have been shipped, making LTO Ultrium the most successful tape format in history ACTIVE ARCHIVE ON TAPE

47. BENEFITS ZERRAS OPTICAL STORAGE ARCHIVE KEEPS DATA VERIFIABLY SAFE Durable media and library survives elements, keeps data safe with verification LONG PRODUCT LIFECYCLE BDR backward compatible drives resists obsolescence LOWEST TCO Low maintenance, high-capacity design keeps support costs low, reduce # of migrations REDUCED POWER CONSUMPTION Lowest power consumption and eco-friendliness, no special environment needed BUILT-IN IMMUTABILITY Write-once read many media is inherent and does not rely on software controls for added security KNOWS WHERE YOUR DATA IS Database manages offline inventory of storage volumes with RFID tracking, faster access to data than tape

48. THE EVOLUTION OF BIG DATA 01 02 03 04 05 06 DATA GROWTH PETABYTES LARGE DATA SETS STORAGE CAPACITY VOLUME PROCESSING TIME IN MOTION / AT REST BATCH REAL-TIME STREAMS VELOCITY DATA SOURCES STRUCTURED / SEMI UNSTRUCTURED COMPLEXITY OF RELATIONSHIPS MACHINE / HUMAN VARIETY TRUST / ORIGINS ACCURACY/VALIDITY AVAILABILITY AUTHENTICITY GOVERNANCE VERACITY COSTS /BENEFITS INSIGHTS USEFULNESS ANALYTICS VISUALIZATION VALUE LONGEVITY DURABILITY / SURVIVABILITY CONTINUOUS UTILITY DATA AS ASSETS / PROPERTY CUSTODY VITALITY BIG DATA

49. 3 LAYERS OF TOTAL PROTECTION ULTIMATE SOLUTION AGAINST DATA LOSS OPTICAL STORAGE ARCHIVE PROTECTION AGAINST ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AND DISASTERS PROTECTION AGAINST DATA LOSS FROM CYBER-ATTACKS AND RANSOMWARE PROTECTION AGAINST ACCIDENTAL DELETION PROTECTION AGAINST MODIFICATION AND DATA TAMPERING WORM SECRUITY AIR GAP WORM MEDIA Offline Data Storage EN ERGY COST CONTAINMENT GREEN SUSTAINABILITY

50. LIVE. FOREVER. THANK YOU 1-888-980-9990 [email protected] WWW.ZERRAS.COM

51. THANK YOU 1-888-980-9990 [email protected] WWW.ZERRAS.COM THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS PRESENTATION IS NOT PART OF ANY CONTRACT BETWEEN ZERRAS AND ANY PARTIES, NOR WILL IT CREATE AN IMPLIED TERM IN ANY SUCH CONTRACT. NO CONTRACTOR IS ENTITLED TO RELY ON THE INFOMRATION HEREIN FOR SUPPORT OF A CLAIM OR ANY OTHER PURPOSE. THIS IS INFORMATION OF A GENERAL NATURE, INTENDED ONLY TO PROVIDE A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPICS REFERENCED – IT IS BY NO MEANS COMPLETE OR COMPREHENSIVE. VIEWING THIS MATERIAL IS NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR ANY DOCUMENTS. DATA PROVIDED THAT HAS NO SOURCE, OR THE SOURCE OF THE UNKNOWN WILL BE NOTED.

52. BLU-RAY DISC ECOSYSTEM CONSUMER-FIRST : DISTRIBUTION AND RECORDING OF HD VIDEO IN THE HIGHEST POSSIBLE QUALITY HIGH-DEFINITION VIDEO / MEDIA DISTRIBUTION (Content authors) HIGH-DEFINITION A/V RECORDING (Electronic Devices) DATA STORAGE (Personal computing) DIGITAL ASSET MANAGEMENT AND PROFESSIONAL STORAGE HD VIDEO PLAYBACK AND RECORDING DEVICE MANUFACTURERS CONTRACT MANUFACTURERS CONTENT CREATOR/OWNER DRIVE MANUFACTURER AUTHORING/ PUBLISHER DEVICE SOFTWARE COMPONENT MANUFACTURER WHOLESALE DISTRIBUTOR DISC REPLICATION TESTING EQUIPMENT DISC MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT APPLICATION SOFTWARE SOLUTION PROVIDERS MEDIA MANUFACTURING RECORDING /PLAYBACK SOFTWARE RETAIL DISTRIBUTOR FORMAT SPECIFICATIONS STANDARDS CLOUD SERVICE PROVIDERS ENTERPRISE / DATA CENTERS GOVERNMENT PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS CONSUMER PRODUCT COMPANIES AUDIO / VIDEO MEDIA / BROADCAST GAME MEDIA RESEARCH / ENGINEERING SERVICES OTHER STORAGE PRODUCT COMPANIES

53. GET IN TOUCH CONTACT INFO STEVE JOBS 1-888-980-9990 [email protected] WWW.ZERRAS.COM

54. ICE VAULT LIVE. FOREVER. NAME OF PRESENTER HERE DATE HERE TITLE

55. Historical value that provides future context, understanding, and truth HISTORICAL Cultural value that conserves humanitarian activities, heritage, and societal impact CULTURAL Creator value that protects intellectual creativity and invention CREATOR Scientific research value that enables others to gain in knowledge, reference, and discoveries SCIENTIFIC Personal value that preserves authenticity, proof of existence, and property PERSONAL Entertainment value that drives experiences to new audiences and participants ENTERTAINMENT IMMUTABLE PERMANENT STORAGE CLOUD

56. IMMUTABLE AND PERMANENT STORAGE CLOUD SERVICE ICE VAULT 1. ARCHIVE DATA IN THE CLOUD 3. DATA IS SECURLY SHIPPED OFFLINE TO CUSTODIAL DESTINATION 2. REPLICATE DATA ONTO PERMANENT STORAGE 4. ACCESS OR INVENTORY YOUR PRESERVED DATA ON PREMISE ICE VAULT is a permanent data storage service for data archiving, replication, offline data distribution, and disaster protection of long-term data assets. Ideal for data that is final and is infrequently accessed, required for regulatory compliance, and large data sets that need to be distributed on-premise or multiple locations.

57. NO NETWORK DATA TRANSFER FEES NO NETWORK MINIMUM STORAGE PERIOD FEES LOW-COST PER GB REPLICATE AND SHIP TO MULTIPLE LOCATIONS OFFLINE DATA MANAGEMENT LOCAL, PRIVATE AND SECURE

58. ICE VAULT TOPOLOGY ICEBOX (on-prem edge library) ICE VAULT (cloud service) ICEBOX (remote) Virtual Cloud Storage pools ( e.g.AWS ) Local on-prem storage pools Offline data transfer (shipment by mail) Immutable long-term Copy Information Archiving Clouds Archive data package onto ICE CAPSULES – professional grade optical media Random access data retrieval Enterprise / Branch sites Offline Storage Warehouses Immutable long-term copy NAS Affiliate Fulfillment Partner

59. STORAGE DEVICE HIERARCHY Volatile memory, RAM, Byte addressable IMPROVE MEMORY CAPACITY IMPROVE PERFORMANCE IMPROVE SCALABLE EFFICIENCY SECURE AND PROTECT LONG-TERM DATA VALUE Primary Secondary Tertiary Offline Persistent, non-volatile memory, NAND SSD Hard disks, storage arrays, magnetic tape Optical storage archive library, optical discs, glass media, DNA storage

60. ZERO TRUST STORAGE TOPOLOGY

61. ZERO TRUST STORAGE TOPOLOGY AIR-GAP

62. MULTI-UNIT OPTICAL STORAGE VAULT ICEBOX 1 ICEBOX 2 ICEBOX 3 1-200 1-200 1-200 DRIVE A DRIVE B DRIVE C DRIVE D DRIVE E DRIVE F VOL 1 VOL 2 VOL X VOL X VOL X VOL X Physical Vol Logical Vol ICEBOX NODE Capacity ID NAS Network Interface

63. Historical value that provides future context, understanding, and truth HISTORICAL Cultural value that conserves humanitarian activities, heritage, and societal impact CULTURAL Creator value that protects intellectual creativity and invention CREATOR Scientific research value that enables others to gain in knowledge, reference, and discoveries SCIENTIFIC Personal value that preserves authenticity, proof of existence, and property PERSONAL Entertainment value that drives experiences to new audiences and participants ENTERTAINMENT SIX ECONOMIC VALUES FOR LONG-TERM DATA PRESERVATION

64. THE PROBLEMS WITH LONG-TERM DATA STORAGE PAIN Containing costs of data growth through storage tiers, and the scaling of higher storage capacities COST CONTROL Immutability to protect the authenticity of data recorded – tamper proof security and regulatory compliance of data retention periods DATA PERMANANCE All storage mediums have short shelf-life between 5 and 30 years. Long-term data must be constantly remastered and migrated to prevent data loss. POWER PONSUMPTION Data is forgotten, or difficult to be found. Tedious and time consuming to bring back online or make available DATA REMASTERING New storage infrastructure must consume less power and allow for efficient energy consumption. Hard drives and similar consume power even when idle. Generates heat. DATA RETRIEVAL LOSS OF DATA Lifespan of storage media is not very long. Magnetic storage mediums are vulnerable to climate, temperature changes, disasters, & electro-magnetic fields STORAGE MEDIUM VULNERABILITIES Electronic data and files require continuous management throughout their entire lifecycle because of the potential for lost or unreadable data. This is a complex task amidst the ever-growing volume and diversity of electronic information.

65. ARCHIVE TO TAPE: THE OPTION TODAY BENEFITS MAKE A SECOND COPY STORE THE SECOND COPY MIGRATE TAPE EVERY 3 YEARS REMASTER THE DATA BFORE POTENTIAL FAILURE: BIT FLIP, CURLING ROADMAP FOR HIGHER TAPE CAPACITY AND DRIVES LEGACY PRACTICE IN MANAGING TAPE BACK UP AND RESTORES PREDICTABLE COST RESULTS INCREASE IN CAPACITY IS DICTATED BY STORAGE NEEDS CONTINUOUS, TEDIOUS PROCESS LINEAR PROCESS COSTLY REMASTERING PROCESS, DRIVES, AND MEDIA REFRESH