Introduction to CHEMISTRY Title: Introduction to Chemistry – IGCSE Subtitle: Understanding the Basics of Matter and Reactions Visual suggestion: Periodic table background or laboratory glassware image

Title: Introduction to Chemistry – IGCSE
Subtitle: Understanding the Basics of Matter and Reactions
Visual suggestion: Periodic table background or laboratory glassware image

1. Introduction to Chemistry – IGCSE Understanding the Basics of Matter and Reactions

2. What is Chemistry? - Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, and how it changes. - Explains reactions, composition, and structure of substances.

3. Importance of Chemistry - Medicine (drugs, vaccines) - Industry (plastics, metals, energy) - Environment (pollution control, water treatment) - Everyday life examples: cooking, cleaning, cosmetics

4. Branches of Chemistry - Organic Chemistry: Carbon compounds - Inorganic Chemistry: Non-carbon compounds - Physical Chemistry: Energy changes & rates of reaction - Analytical Chemistry: Composition of substances - Biochemistry: Chemical processes in living things

5. States of Matter - Solid: Fixed shape and volume - Liquid: Fixed volume, takes shape of container - Gas: No fixed shape or volume - Plasma: Ionized gas (optional for IGCSE mention)

6. Atomic Structure - Atoms: Building blocks of matter - Subatomic particles: Proton (+), Neutron (0), Electron (-) - Elements: Substances made of one type of atom

7. Molecules and Compounds - Molecules: Two or more atoms joined - Compounds: Made from two or more elements chemically combined - Example: H2O (water), CO2 (carbon dioxide)

8. Chemical Reactions - Definition: Process where substances change into new substances - Signs of a reaction: * Gas released * Color change * Temperature change * Precipitate formed

9. Mixtures vs Pure Substances - Pure substances: Only one type of particle (element/compound) - Mixtures: Two or more substances mixed, can be separated physically - Examples: Salt, sugar, sand, air

10. Safety in Chemistry - Always wear lab coat, goggles, gloves - Handle chemicals carefully - No eating/drinking in the lab - Follow teacher instructions

11. Summary - Chemistry = study of matter & reactions - Matter: atoms → molecules → compounds - Branches: organic, inorganic, physical, analytical, biochemistry - Importance in daily life, industry, environment

12. Questions / Discussion Optional slide for engaging students