Introduction-to-Computer-Hardware .pptx

introduction to ict

1. Introduction to Computer Hardware Computer hardware refers to the physical components that make up a computer system. These include essential parts like the processor, memory, storage devices, and input/output interfaces that work together to enable a computer to function. a

2. Central Processing Unit (CPU) Brain of the Computer The CPU is the central component that coordinates and performs the basic computational operations of a computer. Power and Performance CPU speed and processing power are key factors in a computer's overall performance and responsiveness. Variety of Processors CPUs come in different architectures, core counts, and clock speeds to suit a wide range of computing needs.

3. Random Access Memory (RAM) Temporary Storage RAM provides short-term memory for the CPU to access data and instructions quickly during program execution. Performance Boost More RAM allows the computer to handle more tasks simultaneously, improving overall system responsiveness. Common Types RAM comes in different types like DDR, SDRAM, and DRAM, each with its own performance characteristics.

4. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) and Solid-State Drive (SSD) 1 HDD Hard Disk Drives are traditional storage devices that use magnetic platters to read and write data. 2 SSD Solid-State Drives are newer storage devices that use flash memory, offering faster access times and lower power consumption. 3 Comparison SSDs provide better performance, but HDDs offer larger storage capacities at a lower cost per gigabyte.

5. Motherboard 1 Central Connectivity Hub The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects all the other hardware components together. 2 Form Factors Motherboards come in various sizes and shapes, such as ATX, Micro-ATX, and Mini-ITX, to fit different computer cases. 3 Key Components It houses the CPU socket, RAM slots, expansion slots, and connectors for storage, power, and I/O devices.

6. Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) 3D Rendering GPUs excel at parallel processing, making them highly efficient for rendering 3D graphics and animations. Gaming Performance Powerful GPUs are essential for smooth, high-quality gameplay, especially in modern, graphically-intensive games. Machine Learning GPUs are increasingly used in accelerating machine learning tasks due to their parallel processing capabilities.

7. Power Supply Unit (PSU) Power Conversion The PSU converts AC power from the wall outlet to the DC power required by the computer's components. Wattage Considerations It's important to choose a PSU with sufficient wattage to handle the power needs of all the installed hardware. Efficiency and Reliability High-quality PSUs offer better energy efficiency and reliability, ensuring stable power delivery to the system.

8. Input/Output (I/O) Devices Input Devices Keyboard, Mouse, Gamepad, Webcam, Microphone Output Devices Monitor, Speakers, Printer, Projector Storage Devices Hard Drive, SSD, USB Flash Drive, Memory Card I/O devices allow users to interact with the computer, input data, and receive output or information from the system.