Introduction to Dental Anatomy.ppt

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

1. Introduction to Dental Anatomy &
Oral Histology
Dr. Vamshi Krishna. B
Dentist, Shalakya Tantra-Danta Vibhaga
Poornima Ayurvedic Medical College
Hospital and Research centre, Raichur.

2. Your Day Starts With???

4. Nomenclature
Deciduous teeth –20 ( Milk teeth)
Permanent teeth –32
Upper teeth –Maxillary teeth
Lower teeth –Mandibular teeth
At birth –No teeth
Eruption –Deciduous -6 months to 2 1/2yrs
Permanent –6 years to 21 yrs

5. Incisors
Canines
Premolars
Molars
Maxilla
Mandible

6. Incisors –2
Central & Lateral
Canine -1
Molars -2
Teeth
Maxillary
Mandibular
Deciduous teeth

8. Teeth
Maxillary
Mandibular
Incisors –2
Central & Lateral
Canine -1
Premolars -2 Molars -3
Permanent Teeth

10. Dental formula:
Decidous teeth :
I 2/2 C 1/1 M 2/2
Permanent Teeth :
I 2/2 C1/1 PM 2/2 M 3/3

11. CROWN
ROOT
Parts of Tooth

12. Cementum
Alveolar Bone
Gingiva
Periodontal
Ligament
Enamel
Dentin
Parts of Tooth
Pulp

13. SURFACES & RIDGES
•Anterior teeth
•Posterior teeth
•Labial surface
•Buccal surface
•Proximal surface
•Median line
•Mesial surface
•Distal surface
•Contact area

15. Buccal
Labial

18. SEQUENCE OF ERUPTION OF
DECIDUOUS DENTITION:
•Maxillary ------A B D C E
•Mandibular -----A B D C E
•Maxillary ---10, 11, 16, 19, 29 months
•Mandibular ---6, 13, 16, 20, 27 months

19. Arch Tooth Eruption
Maxillary Centralincisor 10months
Lateralincisor 11months
Canine 19months
Firstmolar 16months
Secondmolar 29months
Mandibular Centralincisor 6months
Lateralincisor 13months
Canine 20months
Firstmolar 16months
Secondmolar 27months

20. SEQUENCE OF ERUPTION OF
PERMANENT DENTITION:
•Maxillary ------6, 1, 2, 4, 5, 3, 7, 8
•Mandibular -----6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
Maxillary ---6-7, 7-8, 8-9, 10-11, 10-12, 11-12, 12-13, 17-21yrs
Mandibular ---6-7, 6-7, 7-8, 9-10, 10-12, 11-12, 11-13, 17-21yrs

21. Arch Tooth Eruption
Maxillary Centralincisor 7-8years
Lateralincisor 8-9years
Canine 11-12years
FirstPremolar 10-11years
SecondPremolar 10-12years
Firstmolar 6-7years
Secondmolar 12-13years
Thirdmolar 17-21years
Mandibular Centralincisor 6-7years
Lateralincisor 7-8years
Canine 9-10years
FirstPremolar 10-12years
SecondPremolar 11-12years
Firstmolar 6-7years
Secondmolar 11-13years
Thirdmolar 17-21years

22. Landmarks
Cusp
Tubercle
Cingulum
Ridge
Marginal Ridge
Triangular Ridge
Transverse ridge
Oblique Ridge
Fossa
Sulcus
developmental Groove
Supplemental Groove
Pit
Lobe

23. CUSP
“ A cuspis an elevation or mound on
the crown portion of tooth making up a
divisional part of the occlusal surface”

24. CINGULUM
“ A cingulumis the lingual lobe of an
anterior tooth. It makes the bulk of the
cervical third of the lingual surface. Its
convexity mesiodistally resembles a girdle
encircling the lingual surface at the
cervical third”

25. RIDGE
“ A ridgeis any linear elevation on the
surface of tooth and is named
according to location :
Buccal ridge
Lingual ridge
Incisal Ridge
Marginal Ridge

26. MARGINALRIDGES
“ Marginal ridgesare those rounded
borders of the enamel that form the
Mesial & distal margins of occlusal
surfaces of Premolars & Molars
Mesial & distal margins of lingual
surfaces of Incisors & Canines

28. TRIANGULAR RIDGES
“ Triangular ridgesdescend from the
tips of cusps of molars & premolars
toward the cental part of the
occlusal surfaces”
Named after –Cusps to which they belong

29. TRANSVERSE RIDGE
“ When a buccal & lingual triangular ridge
join, they form a transverse ridge”
Union of two triangular ridges –transverse
ridge = posterior tooth

30. OBLIQUE RIDGE
“ Oblique ridge is the ridge crossing
obliquely the occlusal surfaces of the
maxillary molars”
It is formed by union of triangular ridges of
Distobuccal cusp
Mesiolingual cusp

31. FOSSA
“ A fossais an irregular depression or
concavity”
Types:
Lingual fossa –Lingual surface of incisors
Central fossae –Occlusal surface of molars
Triangular Fossae –Occlusal surface of M & PM
-mesial/ distal to marginal ridges

32. SULCUS
“ A sulcusis a long depression or valley
in the surface of tooth between ridges
and cusps, the inclines of which meet at
an angle”

33. GROOVE
Developmental groove–Shallow groove /line between
the primary parts of crown and root
Supplemental Groove: Shallow linear groove on the
surface of tooth
Buccal & lingual Grooves–Developmental grooves on
buccal /lingual side

35. PITS
“ Pitsare small pin point depressions
located at the junction of developmental
grooves.”

37. LOBES
“ A lobe is one of the primary sections of the
formation in the development of the crown”
Cusps
Mamellons
“ A mamellon is any one of the 3
rounded protuberances found on
the incisal ridges of the newly
erupted incisor teeth”

39. ROOTS
Single
Multiple
Max & mand Anteriors –One root
Mand 1,2 &Max 2 PM –One root
Max 1 PM–two roots = buccal &Lingual
Maxillary molars –3 roots –MB,DB &P
Mandibular Molars –2 roots –M&D

42. Tooth Numbering systems
Universal Numbering system
Palmer Notation System
International/ FDI System

43. Universal Numbering System
Suggested by Parreidt,1882
Adopted by American Dental association –1975
Uses numbers 1-32 for permanent teeth ----1-16,17-32
Decidous teeth –alphabets-A-T ----A-J , K-T

44. Palmer/Zsigmondy Notation system
Upper right
Lower left
Upper left
Lower right
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1234567887654321
EDCBA
EDCBA
ABCDE
ABCDE

45. International/ FDI system
1
4 3
2
8 7
65
Permanent
Decidous
8765432112345678
1234567887654321

47. Example
Maxillary right
Canine -Permanent
Universal –6
Palmer –
FDI -13
3
Maxillary right
Canine -Decidous
Universal –C
Palmer –
FDI -53
C