introduction to interventional cardiology.pptx

Here's a comprehensive introduction to interventional cardiology:

*Introduction to Interventional Cardiology*

Interventional cardiology is a subspecialty of cardiology that focuses on using minimally invasive procedures to diagnose and treat cardiovascular diseases. These procedures involve using catheters (thin, flexible tubes) and other devices to visualize and treat blockages, abnormalities, and defects within the heart and blood vessels.

*History and Evolution*

Interventional cardiology has its roots in the 1960s, when Dr. Andreas Gruentzig performed the first successful angioplasty. Since then, the field has rapidly evolved, with advancements in technology, imaging, and techniques.

*Key Procedures*

1. Angioplasty: Balloon dilation of narrowed or blocked arteries
2. Stenting: Placement of metal mesh tubes to keep arteries open
3. Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR): Measures blood flow to determine treatment
4. Atherectomy: Removal of plaque from artery walls
5. Thrombectomy: Clot removal from coronary arteries
6. Valvuloplasty: Balloon dilation of narrowed heart valves
7. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR): Minimally invasive valve replacement

*Diagnostic Techniques*

1. Coronary Angiography: Imaging of coronary arteries
2. Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS): Imaging of artery walls
3. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): High-resolution imaging
4. Cardiac Catheterization: Measurement of heart pressures and blood flow

*Conditions Treated*

1. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
2. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
3. Heart Valve Disease
4. Cardiac Arrhythmias
5. Hypertension
6. Heart Failure

*Benefits*

1. Minimally invasive
2. Reduced recovery time
3. Less scarring
4. Improved outcomes
5. Enhanced quality of life

*Risks and Complications*

1. Bleeding
2. Infection
3. Allergic reactions
4. Stroke
5. Kidney damage

*Future Directions*

1. Advancements in imaging technology
2. Development of new devices and materials
3. Increased focus on prevention and personalized medicine
4. Expanding role of interventional cardiology in structural heart disease

*Conclusion*

Interventional cardiology has revolutionized the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, offering minimally invasive and effective solutions. As technology continues to advance, the field will play an increasingly important role in improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

1. _What is Interventional Cardiology? _Interventional cardiology is a subspecialty of cardiology that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases using minimally invasive procedures. These procedures involve the use of catheters, balloons, stents, and other devices to visualize and treat heart conditions.

2. Procedures Procedures Angioplasty can fail so stenting done usually after it

3. Atherectomy destroy plaque

4. Baloon Catheter Baloon valvuloplasty Open constricted valves

5. IMAGING TECHNIQUES: Visualize the site of blockage of coronary vessels

6. Identify the blockage site of blood vessel

7. Multiple x rays taken in motion important in procedures like catheterization of vessels

8. _ Advantages of interventional cardiology : _1. _Reduced risk_: Minimally invasive procedures reduce the risk of complications compared to open-heart surgery. 2. _Faster recovery_: Patients typically experience less pain and faster recovery times. 3. _Improved outcomes_: Interventional cardiology procedures can improve symptoms, quality of life, and long-term outcomes. Prepared by DR Umair khan