INTRODUCTION TO NATURAL DISASTER

INTRODUCTION TO NATURAL DISASTER

1. INTRODUCTION TO DISASTER DR. MAHESWARI JAIKUMAR [email protected]

2. DISASTER DISASTER is “Any occurrence that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life or deterioration of health & health related services on a scale sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community area”

3. HAZARD “Any phenomenon that has the potential to cause disruption or damage to people & their environment”

4. CAUSES 1.High birth rate. 2.Problems of land tenure. 3.Problems of economic opportunity.

5. 4.Lack or misallocation of resources to meet human needs. 5.Population explosion. 6.Rapid urbanization. 7.Deforestation.

6. 8.Invasion of the ecology. 9.Global warming. 10.Expansion of industries. Wrath of God

7. LIST OF DISASTER 1.Earth quakes. 2.Cyclones. 3.Floods. 4.Tidal waves. 5.Land slides.

8. 6.Volcanic eruptions. 7.Tornadoes. 8.Fires. 9.Hurricanes. 10.Severe air pollution.(smog) 11.Heat waves. 12.Famines.

9. 13.Epidemics. 14.Building collapse. 15.Toxicologic accidents. 16.Nuclear accidents. 17.Warfare

10. EARTHQUAKE a sudden violent shaking of the ground, typically causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action.

11. EARTHQUAKE

12. EARTHQUAKE

13. LAND SLIDE A landslide is the movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope. They result from the failure of the materials which make up the hill slope and are driven by the force of gravity. Landslides are known also as landslips, slumps or slope failure.

14. TSUNAMI A long, high sea wave caused by an earthquake or other disturbance. “The loss of human lives from this latest tsunami is staggering"

15. TSUNAMI

16. FLOOD A n overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits, especially over what is normally dry land.

17. FLASH FLOOD A sudden local flood, typically due to heavy rain.

18. FLASH FLOOD

19. LIGHTENING The occurrence of a natural electrical discharge of very short duration and high voltage between a cloud and the ground or within a cloud, accompanied by a bright flash and typically also thunder.

20. “A tremendous flash of lightning"

21. LIGHTENING

22. HURRICANE A hurricane is a huge storm! It can be up to 600 miles across and have strong winds spiraling inward and upward at speeds of 75 to 200 mph.

23. HURRICANE &LIGHTENING

24. Each hurricane usually lasts for over a week, moving 10-20 miles per hour over the open ocean. Hurricanes gather heat and energy through contact with warm ocean waters.

25. TORNADOE A mobile, destructive vortex of violently rotating winds having the appearance of a funnel-shaped cloud and advancing beneath a large storm system.

26. S ynonyms: whirlwind ,  windstorm ,  C yclone ,  typhoon , tropical storm/cyclone,  tempest , dust devil ,  storm ,  superstorm ,  hurricane ,  gale ,  squall ;  informal twister

27. WHIRLPOOL

28. TIDAL WAVE An exceptionally large ocean wave, especially one caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption.

29. WHIRL WIND A column of air moving rapidly round and round in a cylindrical or funnel shape. Synonyms: tornado ,  hurricane ,  typhoon ,  cyclone ,  tropical storm , tropical cyclone, vortex ;

30. WHIRLWIND

31. AVALANCHE A mass of snow, ice, and rocks falling rapidly down a mountainside.

32. AVALANCHE

33. AVALANCHE

34. SAND STORM A dust storm or sand storm is a meteorological phenomenon common in arid and semi-arid regions. 

35. SAND STROM

36. SAND STROM/SAND DUNES

37. Dust storms arise when a gust front or other strong wind blows loose sand and dirt from a dry surface.

38. SMOG Fog or haze intensified by smoke or other atmospheric pollutants.

39. SMOG Fog or haze intensified by smoke or other atmospheric pollutants.

40. VOLCANO Volcanic Eruptions. A volcanic eruption occurs when molten rock, ash and steam pour through a vent in the earth's crust. 

41. VOLCANO

42. Volcanoes are described as active (in eruption), dormant (not erupting at the present time), or extinct (having ceased eruption; no longer active).

43. VOLCANO

44. HEAT WAVES A prolonged period of abnormally hot weather.

45. CLOUD BURST A cloudburst is an extreme amount of precipitation, sometimes accompanied by hail and thunder, that normally lasts no longer than a few minutes but is capable of creating flood conditions

46. CLOUD BURST

47. A  cloudburstcan suddenly dump 72,300 tons of water over one acre.

48. CRATER A large bowl-shaped cavity in the ground or on a celestial object, typically one caused by an explosion or the impact of a meteorite.

49. CRATER

50. FOREST FIRE A forest fire is an uncontrolled fire occurring in nature. Sometimes , the forest fire is so large that it takes a long time for the fire fighting crews to gain control over the situation. This could result in massive destruction.

51. FOREST FIRE

52. FIRE

53. FIRE

54. FAMINE Extreme scarcity of food.

55. EPIDEMIC A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.

56. NUCLEAR WARFARE A nuclear war is a war in which countries fight with nuclear weapons. A nuclear war has never happened.

57. Because nuclear weapons are extremely powerful and could cause destruction throughout the world, the possibility of nuclear war has had a great effect on international politics.

58. VOLCANO

59. NUCLEAR DISASTER A nuclear and radiation accident is defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as "an event that has led to significant consequences to people, the environment or the facility."

60. Examples include lethal effects to individuals, large radioactivity release to the environment, or reactor core melt."

61. NUCLEAR DISASTER

62. NUCLEAR DISASTER

63. CLASSIFICATION OF DISASTERS 1. WATER & CLIMATE RELATED DISASTERS 2. GEOLOGICAL RELATED DISASTERS.

64. 3. CHEMICAL, INDUSTRIAL & NUCLEAR RELATED DISASTERS. 4. ACCIDENT RELATED DISASTERS. 5. BIOLOGICAL RELATED DISASTERS.

65. WATER & CLIMATE RELATED DISASTERS Flood, Cyclone, Tornadoes, Hurricanes, Hailstorm, Cloud burst, Heat waves, Snow avalanches, Droughts, Sea erosion, Thunder & lightening.

66. GEOLOGICAL RELATED DISASTERS Land slides & mudflows, Earthquakes, dam failures/Dam burst, Minor fires, Tsunami.

67. CHEMICAL, INDUSTRIAL & NUCLEAR RELATED DISASTERS Chemical and industrial disasters, Nuclear disasters.

68. ACCIDENT RELATED DISASTERS. Forest fires, Urban fires, Mine flooding, Oil spills, Major building collapse, Serial bomb blast, Festival related disasters, Electrical disasters & fires, Air, road & rail accidents, Boat capsizing, village fire, Stampede.

69. BIOLOGICAL RELATED DISASTERS. Biological disasters & epidemics, Pest attacks, Cattle epidemics, Food poisoning.

70. RESULTS &CONSEQUENCES OF DISASTER Affect health & well being of people. 2. Large number of people are affected & displaced. 3. People are killed or injured.

71. EARTHQUAKE

72. 4. Subjected to a greater risk of diseases. 5. Results in considerable economic harm. 6. Harm to existing infrastructure.

73. EARTHQUAKE

74. ULTIMATE EFFECT 1.Injuries. 2.Emotional stress. 3.Epidemic of disease. 4.Increase in indigenous disease.

75. FACTORS DECIDING THE CONSEQUENCES 1.Type of disaster. 2.Density & distribution of population. 3.Condition of the warning. 4.Degree of preparedness.

76. THNANK YOU