INTRODUCTION-TO-SPECIAL-EDUCATION-CLASSIFICATIONS

This ppt discusses about special education.

1. Introduction to Special Education

2. Special  education (also known as special-needs education, aided education, exceptional education, special ed., SEN or SPED) is the practice of educating students in a way that provides accommodations that address their individual differences, disabilities, and special needs. Under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Special Education is defined as: "Specially designed instruction, at no cost to parents, to meet the unique needs of a child with a disability.". Special education is in place to provide additional services, support, programs,.. What is Special Education?

3. Types of Exceptionalities According to IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)

4. Autism Your child's doctor will usually diagnose this before he turns three years old.  Your child develops more slowly. He walks, talks, potty trains, or feeds himself later than other children.  Your child might have troubles eating or sleeping. He might be sensitive to lights, sounds, tastes or smells.  He might appear to not hear you. He might stare off into space. He might be fascinated by things that move, like fans or wheels.  He might have trouble playing with other children. He might have trouble understanding or relating to other people

5. Deaf - Blindness Your child’s doctor will diagnose both a hearing and visual impairment. Your child does not have to be totally deaf and blind. Partially blind Totally blind

6. Deafness - Hearing Impairment Your child has trouble hearing. She does not talk or her speech is still hard to understand after she turns two years old. She might be sensitive to very loud sounds. She might not hear soft sounds. Her voice might get louder when she talks. She might turn up the TV or radio to hear it. She might point, pull, or touch instead of talk. She might get upset or nervous in very loud places.

7. Emotional Disturbance Your child has trouble controlling his emotions. He might be aggressive. He might act out, fight, or hurt himself. He might get in trouble a lot at home and school. He might be hyper. He might have a short attention span. He might act without thinking. He might have trouble making friends. He might be afraid or nervous around other people. He might act immature. He might cry a lot or throw temper tantrums. He might appear unhappy or depressed most of the time. He might get headaches or tummy aches when he is really upset.

8. Mental Retardation/ Intellectual Disability Your child has a low IQ, generally below 70. Your child’s doctor will often diagnose this at a young age. Your child cannot learn as fast or as much as other children her age. She might walk, talk, dress, or feed herself later than other children.

9. Orthopedic Impairment Your child has trouble using (or is missing) her fingers, hands, arms, legs, or feet. Your child might need a wheelchair or other help to move around the school.

10. Other Health Impairment Your child has medical problems that make it hard to participate in regular classroom activities. Your child’s doctor must diagnose a medical problem. Examples include asthma, attention deficit disorder (ADD) or attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), diabetes, epilepsy, a heart condition, hemophilia, lead poisoning, leukemia, nephritis, rheumatic fever, sickle cell anemia, and Tourette Syndrome.

11. Specific Learning Disability Your child has an average or high IQ, but still does not do well in school. She might have problems in reading, writing, or math. She might have problems listening, talking, or thinking. She might do very well or learn quickly in some subjects, but do very poorly in others. She might have trouble writing down what she is thinking. She might make mistakes when she reads out loud. She might have trouble following directions. She might have trouble figuring out how to start a task.

12. Visual Impairment Your child has trouble seeing, even with glasses or contacts. He might squint while reading, watching TV, playing computer games, or playing video games. He might get headaches while doing these activities. He might have some sight or be legally blind.

13. Multiple Disabilities                               Your child has more than one of the problems already listed in the chart. She might have physical problems. She might have a hard time moving around the school. She probably has trouble communicating with others. She probably has behavior problems. She might forget skills that she does not use a lot. She might have to relearn things she has already been taught.

14. Different Types of Educational Placement in Special Education

15. Mainstreaming is the placement of a child with a disability in a general education classroom with the expectation that the student will be able to work and produce assignments at a similar rate as students who do not have disabilities. involves placing a student with a disability in a general education classroom with a special education teacher as a co-teacher or with an assistant who knows the child and can ensure that s/he is accessing all of the same instructional materials. 

16. Full Inclusion  refers to the total integration of a student with disabilities into the regular education program with special support. In full inclusion, the student’s primary placement is in the regular education class. The student has no additional assignment to any special class for students with disabilities. Thus, the student with disabilities is actually a member of the regular education class. She is not being integrated or mainstreamed into the regular education class from a special day class. The student need not be in the class 100% of the time, but can leave the class to receive related services such as speech or physical therapy.

17. S elf-contained C lassroom is a special education placement that falls near the middle of a continuum of program options that range in restrictiveness, where the general education classroom is least restrictive and a hospital or a homebound placement is most restrictive. This is  a general term for placements for which the student needs to receive services outside of the general education classroom for half of the school day or more . Placement in a self-contained classroom has to be based on a student's unique needs, not on the disability alone.

18. S elf-contained C lassroom A self-contained classroom is  one in which the same group of students are taught multiple subjects by one educator throughout the day . This setting is usually found at the elementary level, but can be utilized in other grade levels. Unlike standard classrooms with a large number of peers, self-contained classrooms are typically smaller settings with a fewer number of students. Created to help foster enhanced support for students with special needs or specific difficulties, self-contained rooms are generally comprised of about ten students with unique struggles who are most commonly instructed by a lead teacher with a certification in special education. Self-contained classrooms will also have at least one paraeducator who provides instructional support under the guidance of the classroom teacher.