Introduction to statistics.pptx basic of introduction to statistics

An introduction to statistics presentation by Rakshita Padesuron slideshare covers topic such as:
defination ,charaterstic, types, function of statistics
classificatio, types, ojectives ,functions and some example
tabulation , table of tabulation ect..,
these help toundestand basic of statistics and it help to competative exams,

1. Introduction to statistics Rakshita . I.Padesur

2. Introduction to statistics The world statistics is derived from Latin world ‘status’ Italy world statistic Germany world statistic French world Statistique, which mean a person well-versed with state affairs /a political state ‘Ronald A Fisher’ is known as father of statistics According to ‘croxtal & cowden’ Statistic mean “Statistic is sign of collection , Presentation , Analysis & Interpretation of numerical data. According to ‘Bowley’ statistic is “Science of Counting Science of Average” According to ‘Lord Boddington’ Statistics means “ science of estimate & probabilities”

3. Names of statistics who developed theory of statistic Karl Pearson Bowley Spearman Croxtal & cowden Ronald A Fisher Names of Indian Statistician who made counterion in develop of statistics R. C. Bose S.N.Roy B.R.Bhatt B.K.Kale P.C. Mahalanobies

4. Charterstic of Statistic Statistic is aggregate of facts Statistic is a marked to an extended by multiplicity of causes Statistic is a numerically expressed Statistics is a enumerated & estimated Statistics collects data in systematic manner for a predetermined purpose Statistic is placed in relation to each other Function Of Statistic It’s Simplified complex data & makes data easy to understand It’s facilitated easy come comparison It’s help for framing suitable ,General , economic, Political & Social policies It’s help in forecasting about future by studying present & past data

5. Techniques of data collection Census techniques Sample techniques A.Census Techniques : these census techniques is complete enumeration of each & every unit of population B. Sample Techniques : sample technique is collection of data from the part of population

6. Sources of data Primary data Secondary data A. Primary data : ` The data which are collected originally for they purpose investigation by investigator himself for the first time is called primary data B . Secondary data : the data which are not collected originally by they investigator but it’s collected by someone else.

7. Classification & tabulation INTRODUCTION : we have discuss different method of data collection in statistical investigation the data so collected are usually were large quantity & as search there are not fit for presentation, Analysis & interpretation of data analysis it’s arrange & presented in simplified form. The data are therefore sorted out according to similar charterstic & than presented in the form of table. Definition : Classification means grouping of related items into classes . or Classification is a process of sorting of similar & dissimilar characteristic which are presented in the data Objectives of classification : To reduce quantity of data & simplifies the collected facts To facilities comparison To highlights significant factor

8. Types of classification Geographical {Spacial} Chronological { Temporal} Qualitative Quanlitative Geographical : In these type of data are classifieds into on the bases of geographical area/ places Ex: In order to show production of rice in south India. STATES RICE PRODUCTION (Tons) Karnataka 200 Andar Pradesh 300 Tamil Nadu 400 Kerala 150 PRODUCTION OF RICE IN SOUTH IN INDIAN

9. Chronological classification: Chrono means time in these type of classification of data are classified on the bases different point of time E x: If a company wants to known trend of sales over number of year is has follow YEAR SALES IN TURNOVER 2022 200 2021 100 2020 70 SALES OF COMPANY

10. Qualitative classification : In these type data are classified on the base of quality or attributes like such as gender, literacy , employ, marital status , knowledge etc.…. Here data classified into two groups namely the group processing quality & other group not processive quality Ex: Classification of population is has follow. Population male female Literate employee unemployee Illitrate empolyee unemployee literate employee unemployee illitrate employee unemployee

11. Quanlitative : It’s type of classification data are classified according to some quanlitative such as height, weight , marks ,age , sales, salary etc.,.. Ex: NUMBER OF MARKS OBTAINED BY STUDENTS MARKS TOTAL NUMBER OF STUDENT 0-30 2 30-40 5 40-50 6

12. TABULATION: Tabulation is one of the most important method of presenting classified data a meaningful & systematically manner. Definition : Tabulation a process of laical listing of classified data in the form of table, containing horizontal rows vertical with all necessary discrimination. PART OF GOOD TABLES Table Number Table content Sub tittle Caption Stubes Body of the table Foot note sources

13. FORMAT OF GOOD TABLE : Table no: 1234 TITTLE : POPULATION OF TOWN Sub tittle: { Accordng to religion &gender} * _________________(Foot Note) S ources :According to 2021 Census. R religon Hindu Muslim Christian Total Male 50 50 50 150 female 50* 50 50 150 total 100 100 100 300 gender

14. Thank You