Introduction to television part 1

This PPT is only for educational purpose for the students belonging to BMM & FTNMP or other such Professional courses

1. Understanding T.V. Formats & Genres Part -A   Notes By : Ashish Richhariya Course : FTNMP / BMM Designation : Faculty at Thakur College Of Science & Commerce Query : [email protected]

2. Definition of Format 1: T he shape, size, and general makeup (as of something printed). 2: G eneral plan of organization, arrangement, or choice of material. 3: A method of organizing data (as for storage) various file  formats. 4: T o arrange (something, such as material to be printed or stored data) in a particular format. 5: To prepare (something, such as a computer disk) for storing data in a particular format. Thakur College Of Science & Commerce,Mumbai

3. TELEVISION The origin of television dates back to the early 20th century(1920’s). These initial experiments used a mechanical scanning disc that did not scan a picture rapidly enough. 1923:Invention of the iconoscope ,the electric television tube. A Scottish engineer,John Baird is generally credited with the invention of television who in 1924 in a improvised laboratory in his lodging in Hastings ,England succeeded in transmitting the form of pictures from one place to another. 1927,April:The American Telephone and Telegraph Company(AT&T)gave public demonstration in which a speech of the U.S Secretary of Commerce. Herbert Hoover was broadcast form Washington and watched In New York by an invited audience. Thakur College Of Science & Commerce,Mumbai

4. 1930:launch of National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) at New York • The gulf war was the first time that the developments in communication technology provided civilians with an new ways of seeing and experiencing war from a distance with even greater immediacy and realism right into their homes • The war not only created a supply of news but also a demand for it. • 2 November,1936:BBC initiated the first regular television service in the world. • May,1937:The BBC televised the Coronation • 1937:Went to Wimbledon for the first time. • World War sets in. The potential of television was realized and worked upon by major scientists Charles Jenkins, Hilo T.Farnwoth , Vladimir Zworykin) • 1946:TV Broadcasting resumed after the wars Thakur College Of Science & Commerce,Mumbai

5. In the flush of confidence and prosperity that followed the World War II,Americans rode a wave of progress and modernization. The massive manufacturing infrastructure that had geared up to support the war effort now turned it’s attention to the consumer Market. Increased sophistication in electronics was a by product of US involvement in the war and the television became the chief beneficiary. 1948 : AT &T began installing intercity coaxial cable linking the east and the west coasts by 1951 which made national network television possible. Viewers had to work hard to get $400 to buy a TV set ,but investors had to invest considerably more money developing an infrastructure ,building station, purchasing equipment,hiring staff, finding audiences large enough to attract advertisers, and acquiring enough programming to keep audiences tuned in. Thakur College Of Science & Commerce,Mumbai

6. By 1950:Mass production had reached a stage in which television sets could be rolled off the assembly line at a greatly reduced cost when the price finally reached $99 a set. It was considered affordable to an average American household. 1952:One third of all American household had a television had become a mass medium. By 1950:Mass production had reached a stage in which television sets could be rolled off the assembly line at a greatly reduced cost when the price finally reached $99 a set. It was considered affordable to an average American household. •1952:One third of all American household had a television had become a mass medium. Thakur College Of Science & Commerce,Mumbai

7.   In India : •1956:The General Conference of UNESCO which was hosted by India in New Delhi made a provision of $20,000 to set up a pilot project to study the use of TV as a medium of education, rural uplift and community development. •1959:Philips offerd to the govt of India a transmitter at a reduced cost. •September 15,1959:Television was introduced in India Delhi Television centre. •The range of the transmitter was forty kilometers round about delhi . Soon programmes began to be beamed twice a week each of 20 minutes duration. The audience comprised of 180 tele clubs which were provide sets by UNESCO •Development of television broadcasting proceeded at a very slow pace in the first twenty years of existence in the country. •1961:Doordarshan was used as a support to middle and higher secondary school education. It's experiments in teaching of science ,mathematics, and language were proved most successful and received appreciation from many UNESCO experts. Thakur College Of Science & Commerce,Mumbai

8. •August1964:In addition to social education programmes entertainment and information programmes were introduced .A TV production studio was set up with the help of the Federal Republic of Germany •April,1965:a general service was started. It was for one hour a day on four days of the week •15 th august,1965:service was made daily. January 26,1967:Krishi Darshan for rural viewers was inaugurated. It was inaugurated by Indira Gandhi and was telecasted on Wednesday and Fridays for 20 minutes each day. •The seventies saw major expansion •1972:DD,Bombay was commissioned •1973: DD,Srinagar was commissioned •1975:DD,Calcutta was commissioned •Subsequently DD Madras, Lucknow , Amritsar, Jalandhar was formed. •August1 ,1975-76:SITE was launched(6 states-Karnataka, Andhra, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Rajasthan/2400 villages) •Jan 1,1976:Commercials came to be telecasted Thakur College Of Science & Commerce,Mumbai

9. •1st April,1976:Separation of Radio and Doordarshan •1977:Terrestrial transmitters were put up at Jaipur , Hyderabad, Raipur, Gulbara , Sambhalpur , and Muzaffarpur June 9,1981:India’s first satellite “APPLE" went into the orbit . •1982:Next phase of expansion : colour transmission was initiated in the ASIAD games. 8•1982:Launch of INSAT -1A India’s first domestic communication satellite 1983:television expansion which envisaged establishment of high power transmitters and low power transmitters in various parts of the country Commercial spots on television programmes increased. •The next major development that was observed was the entry of the sponsored programmes for television. •1984:India’s First soap opera Humlog was introduced. •The next in the row were programmes like Yeh Jo hain Zindagi / Khandan / Idhar Udhar / Ados Pados / Buniyaad . Thakur College Of Science & Commerce,Mumbai

10. The religious epics like Mahabharata and the Ramayana which followed the soap opera format proved to be phenomenal success on the small screen. Prime time talk shows ,film based programme and quiz programme were soon seen to be important genres of television. 1984 and 1985:Introduction of the second channel of DD Delhi and Bombay. 1985:DD teletext service known as INTEXT was started .It provided the viewers with news, rail and air timings, weather information and other data of common interest May,1991:India started receiving Star TV/ CNN telecast Oct,2,1992:Zee TV, Hindi service was started. At present DD has 11 regional language satellite channels 1997:DD being autonomous after Prasar Bharti Act . Thakur College Of Science & Commerce,Mumbai

11. Define Format? Format is simply the specific way that content within genre is arranged or structured. For instance, the use of half-inch margins on documents is a formatting choice commonly used essays that range from different genres. A TV format is the overall concept and branding of a copyrighted television show. The most common type of formats are those in the television genres of game shows and reality shows, many of which are remade in multiple markets with local contestants Format is the specification of how anything is going to be. Thakur College Of Science & Commerce,Mumbai

12.     Genre is defined as a category of artistic application, such as in music and literature- each distinct in style, form, and content. When defined in terms of rhetorical choice, the word genre takes on a similar definition but applies to existing conventions of writing, some of which are specific to certain academic or professional fields.        For future application, students should keep in mind that since the rhetorical situation ultimately decides the appropriate genre, genre in turn influences formatting choices for the piece of writing. What is Genre ? Thakur College Of Science & Commerce,Mumbai

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