INTRODUCTIONTOML2024 for graphic era.pptx

chirag19saxena2001 60 views 16 slides Jun 14, 2024
Slide 1
Slide 1 of 16
Slide 1
1
Slide 2
2
Slide 3
3
Slide 4
4
Slide 5
5
Slide 6
6
Slide 7
7
Slide 8
8
Slide 9
9
Slide 10
10
Slide 11
11
Slide 12
12
Slide 13
13
Slide 14
14
Slide 15
15
Slide 16
16

About This Presentation

Creating a detailed 4000-word introduction for a PowerPoint presentation named "INTRODUCTIONTOML2024 for Graphic Era.pptx" would require an in-depth understanding of the specific content, objectives, and context of the presentation. Since I can't access the content of external files li...


Slide Content

MACHINE LEARNING INTRODUCTION

Machine Learning (ML) ML is a branch of artificial intelligence: Uses computing based systems to make sense out of data Extracting patterns, fitting data to functions, classifying data, etc ML systems can learn and improve With historical data, time and experience Bridges theoretical computer science and real noise data. Role of Statistics: Inference from a sample Role of Computer science: Efficient algorithms to Solve the optimization problem Representing and evaluating the model for inference

Growth of Machine Learning Machine learning is preferred approach to Speech recognition, Natural language processing Computer vision Medical outcomes analysis Robot control Computational biology This trend is accelerating Improved machine learning algorithms Improved data capture, networking, faster computers Software too complex to write by hand New sensors / IO devices Demand for self-customization to user, environment It turns out to be difficult to extract knowledge from human experts  failure of expert systems in the 1980’s.

ML in real-life :-

Applications -: Supervised Learning Classification Regression /Prediction Unsupervised Learning Reinforcement Learning

Supervised Learning Supervised Learning For every example in the data there is always a predefined outcome Models the relations between a set of descriptive features and a target (Fits data to a function) 2 groups of problems: Classification Regression

Supervised Learning Types -: Classification Predicts which class a given sample of data (sample of descriptive features) is part of ( discrete value ). : The rule is easy to understand C The rule is simpler than the data it explain : Exceptions that are not covered by the rule, e.g., fraud

Regression Example: Price of a used car x : car attributes y : price y = g ( x | θ ) g ( ) model, θ parameters

Unsupervised Learning Learning “what normally happens” No output Clustering: Grouping similar instances Other applications: Summarization, Association Analysis Example applications Customer segmentation in CRM Image compression: Color quantization Bioinformatics: Learning motifs

Reinforcement Learning Policies : what actions should an agent take in a particular situation Utility estimation: how good is a state ( used by policy) No supervised output but delayed reward Credit assignment problem (what was responsible for the outcome) Applications: Game playing Robot in a maze

ANN -: Artificial Neural networks (ANN) or neural networks are computational algorithms. It intended to simulate the behavior of biological systems composed of “neurons”. ANNs are computational models inspired by an animal's central nervous systems. It is capable of machine learning as well as pattern recognition.

DECISION TREE A decision tree is a decision support hierarchical model that uses a tree-like model of decisions and their possible consequences, including chance event outcomes, resource costs, and utility

SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE The goal of the SVM algorithm is to create the best line or decision boundary that can segregate n-dimensional space into classes so that we can easily put the new data point in the correct category in the future. This best decision boundary is called a hyperplane . SVM chooses the extreme points/vectors that help in creating the hyperplane . These extreme cases are called as support vectors, and hence algorithm is termed as Support Vector Machine. Consider the below diagram in which there are categories that are classified using a decision boundary or hyperplane :

NAÏVE BAYES Naïve Bayes algorithm is a supervised learning algorithm, which is based on  Bayes theorem  and used for solving classification problems. It is mainly used in  text classification  that includes a high-dimensional training dataset. Naïve Bayes Classifier is one of the simple and most effective Classification algorithms which helps in building the fast machine learning models that can make quick predictions.

Logistic regression is a simple and more efficient method for binary and linear classification problems. It is a classification model, which is very easy to realize and achieves very good performance with linearly separable classes. It is an extensively employed algorithm for classification in industry.

THANKS FOR WATCHING
Tags