Introductory meteorology & climatic change AMET5311 NOTES IGKV

6,669 views 60 slides Aug 29, 2023
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About This Presentation

Meaning and scope of agricultural meteorology; Earth atmosphere- its composition, extent
and structure; Atmospheric weather variables; Atmospheric pressure, its variation with
height, Wind, types of wind, daily and seasonal variation of wind speed, cyclone,
anticyclone, land breeze and sea breeze...


Slide Content

The atmospheric pressure at Earth's surface is 14.7 pounds per square inch (psi). This
lis the weight of all the air above us, and it is called air pressure. High in the atmosphere, air
[pressure decreases, The standard atmospheric pressure at sa level on Earth is 1013.

for about 14.7 pounds per square inch "

ad gin, a ee
[1013.25 fan, arman 14.7 wir sf ta th

Pipes of win
[see winds

Erie ind]

Land and ca tren
Pana sre)

[Mountain and Valley Breezes}

[Wind speed varies daily ally due to changes in temperature and pressure. A dal
[average may not be sufficient to report wind speed, and a long-term average may be more
prudent. Seasonal winds are caused by global atmospheric circulation patterns, while local winds
[are produced by the sun heating up different parts of the earth's st enly. Seasonal win
fiends to be more constant while local winds are more variabl

13

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TEMPERATURE INVERSION]
[A temperature in

sion is layer in the atmosphere in which air temperature increases with height.

[An inversion is present in the lower part ofa cap. Temperature Inversion is also known as thermal

[The cap is a layer of relatively warm air aloft (above the inversion). Air parcels rising into this layer
[become cooler than the surrounding environment, which inhibits their ability to ascend,

ere ge arg es rea ea TT er hw aN Fd À go |

‘The reversal ofthe normal behaviour of temperature in the troposphere is known as
temperature inversion.

The troposphere is the lowest region ofthe atmosphere, extending from the earth surface
10 a height of about 6-10 km.

Inversions play an important role in determining visibility, precipitation, and cloud forms.
There will be limited diffusion of air pollutants, smoke and dust

During the day time, the radiation from the sun heats up the land surface and the air gets
mainly heated up when this air gets in touch with the heated land surface.

Diurnal variations in air temperature also affect inversion,

Convective clouds cannot grow high enough to produce showers in regions where a
pronounced low-level inversion is present. This happens due to the accumulation of smoke
and dust particles.

Even in the absence of clouds, visibility may be greatly reduced below the inversion.

Fog is frequently present there, asthe air near the base of an inversion tends to be cool.
‘Through convection and conduction, the heat from the ground gets transferred to the ai.
‘The magnitude of ground inversions is greatly affected by the topography.

‘Temperature inversion is quite common, but it happens for a short duration.

An ideal situation for inversion is stil air, long winter nights with clear skies

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