Introdution to Environmental Science(Lecture 02).pdf

all about environmental science

1. Urbanization

2. Urbanization
Definitions:
Urbanizationistheprocessofpeoplemoving
outfromruralareastocitiesandurbanareas

3. Urbanization
Definitions:
Urbanizationreferstothepopulation
shiftfromruraltourbanareas,the
correspondingdecreaseinthe
proportionofpeoplelivinginruralareas.

4. Urbanization
FeaturesofUrbanization:
1.FastGrowthinPopulation
EspeciallyinMegaCities
2.UrbanSprawl
3.DevelopmentofInformalSettlement
4.HighrateofUnemployment
5.InfrastructureDeprecation
6.DegradationinQualityofLife
7.Crime,

5. ❑Over Population

6. ❑Unemployment

7. ❑Urban Sprawl

8. ❑Inadequate Infrastructure

9. ❑Inadequate Infrastructure

10. ❑Inadequate Infrastructure

11. ❑Inadequate Infrastructure

12. ❑Homelessness

13. ❑Slum/Squatter

14. ❑Slum/Squatter

15. ❑Slum/Planned

16. ❑Degradation in Quality of Life

17. Causes of Urbanization

18. Effects of Urbanization
Positive effects
✓ GoodemploymentOpportunity
✓ Betterjobopportunities
✓ Availabilityoftechnologicalfacilities
✓ Improvementininfrastructuralfacilities
✓ BetterqualityofEducation
✓ BettermedicalfacilitiesandhealthcareService
✓ Bettercommunicationandtransportationfacilities

19. Effects of Urbanization
Negative effects
HousingProblem

20. Effects of Urbanization
Negative effects
❑Overcrowding
•Housing
•Infrastructure

21. Effects of Urbanization
Negative effects

22. Effects of Urbanization
Negative effects
❑ Water scarcity

23. Effects of Urbanization
Negative effects
Sanitation Problems

24. Effects of Urbanization
Negative effects
A rise in the crime rate
Dueto:
• Duetolackofresources,
• Poverty,
• Unemployment,
• Overcrowding
Leadsto
• Kidnapping,
• Rape,
• Murder,
• Theft,
• Robbery,
• Hijacking

25. Solutions for the Issues of Urbanization
•There should be better urbanplanning, financing, and institutional reforms
•Governmental transfers and land utilization should be considered in line with a
large number of workers migrating into cities.
•job opportunities need to be created for people who remain unemployed.
•There should be laws for sustainable and environmentally friendly.
•Smarter growth techniques need to develop for conserving natural ecosystems.
•Tourism promotion base for creating more job opportunities.
•Family planning needed to keep the population growth in control.

26. Thank you
Questions?