IOT WALA PROJECT SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM

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1. Smart Irrigation System ( Using Internet Of Things) Made By: Ravi Shankar Singhal 0818cs181102

2. Content Why we need of Smart Irrigation System Sensors Used   Soil Sensor Jumper Wires NodeMCU Relay Water Motor Pump Humidity and Temperature Sensor Pipe BLYNK Connection  Code Advantage And Disadvantage

3. Why We Need Smart Irrigation? Most of the farmers use large portions of farming land and it becomes very difficult to reach and track each corner of large lands. Sometime there is a possibility of uneven water sprinkles. This result in the bad quality crops which further leads to financial losses. In this scenario the Smart Irrigation System using Latest IoT technology is helpful and leads to ease of farming In 31 March 2018, three farmers died due to electric shock at the time of given watering to the plants and so many case of electic shock died farmers at the time of given  water to the plants.

4. Soil Moisture Sensor Soil moisture sensors  measure the volumetric water content in soil. Since the direct gravimetric measurement of free soil moisture requires removing, drying, and weighing of a sample, soil moisture sensors measure the volumetric water content indirectly by using some other property of the soil, such as electrical resistance, dielectric constant, or interaction with neutrons, as a proxy for the moisture content. Latest Soil Moisture Sensor

5. Specifications:- Operating voltage: 3.3V~5V Dual output mode,analog output more accurate A fixed bolt hole for easy installation With power indicator (red) and digital switching output indicator (green) Having LM393 comparator chip, stable Panel PCB Dimension: Approx.3cm x 1.5cm Soil Probe Dimension: Approx. 6cm x 3cm Cable Length: Approx.21cm VCC: 3.3V-5V GND: GND Old Soil Moisture Sensor

6. Jumper Wires Jumper wires are simply wires that have connector pins at each end, allowing them to be used to connect two points to each other without soldering. Jumper wires are typically used with breadboards  and other prototyping tools in order to make it easy to change a circuit as needed. Fairly simple. In fact, it doesn’t get much more basic than jumper wires. Types Of Jumper Wires Jumper wires typically come in three versions: male-to-male, male-to-female and female-to-female. The difference between each is in the end point of the wire. Male ends have a pin protruding and can plug into things, while female ends do not and are used to plug things into. Male-to-male jumper wires are the most common and what you likely will use most often. When connecting two ports on a breadboard, a male-to-male wire is what you’ll need.

7. Types of Jumper Wire Male to Female Female to Female Male to Male

8. NODEMCU (ESP8266) NodeMCU is an open source LUA based firmware developed for ESP8266 wifi chip. By exploring functionality with ESP8266 chip, NodeMCU firmware comes with ESP8266 Development board/kit i.e. NodeMCU Development board. NodeMCU Dev Kit/board consist of ESP8266 wifi enabled chip. The  ESP8266  is a low-cost Wi - Fi chip developed by Espress if Systems with TCP/IP protocol. For more information about ESP8266, you can refer ESP8266 WiFi Module.

9. Relay A standard and generally used relay is made up of electromagnets which in general used as a switch. Dictionary says that relay means  the act of passing something from one thing to another ,  the same meaning can be applied to this device because the signal received from one side of the device controls the switching operation on the other side.

10. Water  Pump Motor (Only for small projects) Specifications: Operating Voltage : 2.5 ~ 6V Operating Current : 130 ~ 220mA Flow Rate : 80 ~ 120 L/H Maximum Lift : 40 ~ 110 mm Continuous Working Life : 500 hours Driving Mode : DC, Magnetic Driving Material : Engineering Plastic Outlet Outside Diameter : 7.5 mm Outlet Inside Diameter : 5 mm

11. Humidity  and Temperature Sensor Specification Supply Voltage: +5 V Temperature range :0-50 °C error of ± 2 °C Humidity :20-90% RH ± 5% RH error Interface: Digital This DHT11 Temperature and Humidity Sensor features a calibrated digital signal output with the temperature and humidity sensor capability. It is integrated  with a high-performance 8-bit microcontroller. Its technology ensures the high reliability and excellent long-term stability.  This sensor includes a resistive element and a sensor for wet NTC temperature measuring devices. It has excellent quality, fast response, anti-interference ability and high performance.

12. Pipe Flexible PVC  is a soft,  flexible  material that ranges in appearance from transparent to opaque.  PVC  is manufactured with plasticizers, which confer rubbery properties on the end product. By adjusting the type and amount of plasticizers, plastic molders can achieve a large range of  flexible  compositions. Since the plasticizers are small molecules, they can also “escape” the polymer more easily, which is the reason  why PVC  (also called “vinyl”) is often cited as a health and environmental hazard. This comes from chemicals called napthalates , which are the real reason  why PVC is soft.

13. Blynk App Pavel Baiborodin – Founder of Blynk Blynk  is a Platform with IOS and Android apps to control Arduino, Raspberry Pi and the likes over the Internet. It's a digital dashboard where you can build a graphic interface for your project by simply dragging and dropping widgets. Blynk is  a new platform that allows you to quickly build interfaces for controlling and monitoring your hardware projects from your iOS and Android device. After downloading the  Blynk app , you  can  create a project dashboard and arrange buttons, sliders, graphs, and other widgets onto the screen

14. Open Blynk App After Registration Create New Project Name of your Project Choose Your Device If you want to Add New Device 

15. Create a button Do Button Setting Turn to push button Select your pin from Hardware in which you connect   After all done tap on play button(in which circle) Tap on button

16. Code for Blynk app #include< Blynk.h > #include<ESP8266WiFi.h> # define LED 16 #define BLYNK_PRINT Serial #include<BlynkSimpleEsp8266.h> char auth[] ="c408aa477b30498cbb29c8a5f26696e9 "; char ssid [] = " AndroidAP "; char pass[] ="qimo1234"; void setup() { Serial.begin (115200); Blynk.begin ( auth,ssid,pass );   pinMode (LED,OUTPUT); } void loop() { Blynk.run (); }

17. Connections of Smart Irrigation System

18. Code of Smart Irrigation System #define BLYNK_PRINT Serial #include<ESP8266WiFi.h> #include<BlynkSimpleEsp8266.h> char auth[] ="G0qFaAvAeW5_bU5JWUDT-fqEMhWWAPXr"; const int sensorPin = 4; int sensorState = 0; int lastState =0; void setup() {   Serial.begin (9600);   Blynk.begin (auth," AndroidAP ","mere ko nahi pata ");   pinMode ( sensorPin,INPUT ); } void loop() {    Blynk.run ();    sensorState  =  digitalWrite ( sensorPin );    Serial.println ( sensorState );   if( sensorState ==1 &&  lastState  == 0 )    {

19.      Serial.println ("needs water, send notification");      Blynk.notify ("I am very Thirsty");             lastState  = 1;     delay(1000);        }   else  if( sensorState  == 1 &&  lastState ==1 )   {      Serial.println ("has not watered yet");     delay(1000);   }   else{      Serial.println ("I am Full");        lastState =0;       delay(1000);   }   delay(1000);   }

20. Advantages of Smart irrigation System   to save water Smart irrigation also deals with efficiencies in the delivery of the water. There are generally four types of delivery: surface, sprinklers, trickle and subsurface methods. It distributes water through irrigation ditches, letting gravity do the work. Sprinklers distribute water through the air like rain and can be fixed or mobile. Trickle irrigation spreads water very locally to the ground surface. Controlling these two set points reduces the amount of water used by linking it to the moisture level needed in the soil for a particular crop. A particular land area is too dry and starting an irrigation routine or to stop irrigation when a particular saturation point is met because a soil moisture level has been reached. Use local soil moisture data drawn from sensors in the ground to support informed decisions about watering schedules.

21. Dis-advantages of Smart irrigation System Agriculture being a natural phenomenon relies mostly on nature, and man predict or control nature let it be rain drought sunlight availability. pests control etc. So ever implementation IoT system agriculture. The smart agriculture need availability on internet continuously. Rural part of the developing countries did not fulfill this requirements. Moreover internet is slower. Fault sensor or data processing engines can cause faulty l decisions which may lead to over use of water, fertilizers and other wastage of resources. The smart farming based equipment require farmer to understand and learn the use of technology. This is the major challenge in adopting smart agriculture framing at large scale across the continues. It also has some issues which have to be tracked properly in order to attain the full benefit of it. The current IoT systems are not scalable or reliable and the initial costs are high which the farmers cannot afford.