IRSA_NAWAZ_7231234567.890754577905215pptx

Research paper

1. Nanotechnology Applications in Crop Production and Food Systems Noel Ndlovu, Tatenda Mayaya , Clemence Muitire , and Norman Munyengwa International Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science (IJPBCS) v ol. 7(1), pp. 603-613, January 2020. www.premierpublishers.org, ISSN: 2167-0449

2. O utline I ntroduction Application of Nanotechnology in Agriculture Genetic Manipulation of Crops Nutrient Management Nanocoating Nanoencapsulation Precision Agriculture Pest and Disease Management Environmental Sensitivity Application of Nanotechnology in Food Industries Food Packaging Food Processing and Safety Benefits and Risks of Adopting Nanotechnology Conclusions 2

3. I ntroduction 3 Nanotechnology The branch of technology that deals with dimensions and tolerances of less than 100 nanometers, especially the manipulation of individual atoms and molecules. Adoption of nanotechnology can increase the competitiveness of the agricultural industry and boost its annual growth rate. Nanotechnology can also play an important role in many domains of food packaging such as processing, functionality safety, and storage

4. 4 Application of Nanotechnology in Agriculture Agricultural applications of nanotechnology have been widely reported via numerous platforms over the years. The main purpose of nanotechnology in agriculture is to minimize the volume of spread chemicals, reduce nutrient losses during fertilization, and increase crop yield through nutrient and pest management. Genetic Manipulation of Crops Nano-biotechnology provides a set of tools and technological platforms for improving agricultural productivity through genetic modification of plants and transportation of gene and drug molecules to specific locations at the molecular level.

5. 5 Application of Nanotechnology in Agriculture Nutrient Management Nanotechnology is utilized for nutrient management in cropping systems. Nonfertilizer are classified into three main classes namely: Nanoscale fertilizers Nanoscale coating Nanoscale additives Nanocoating Nanocoating is one of the most common strategies utilized in nano-nutrient supplementation. Nanotubes are organic or inorganic atomic sheets arranged in a tube structure that can be loaded with plant nutrients.

6. 6 Application of Nanotechnology in Agriculture Nanoencapsulation Nanoencapsulation is the technology of loading liquid, solid, or gas nanoparticles in a secondary matrix to form nanocapsules . Nanoencapsulation plays a vital role in protecting the environment by reducing evaporation and leaching of harmful substances. The application of zerovalent particles of iron with adsorption affinity for organic components can also be harnessed for soil remediation in pesticide-contaminated arable lands. Precision Agriculture Precision agriculture or farming is the development and utilization of wireless networking and miniaturization of sensors for assessing, monitoring, and controlling agricultural practices.

7. Pest and Disease Management Fast food tends to be high in salt, sugar, saturated fats, trans fats, calories, and processed preservatives and ingredients A wealth of well-conducted research has proven the negative health effects of consuming too much of these food components In the short term, fast food impacts blood sugar and blood pressure, increases inflammation, and may mean an individual does not eat enough necessary nutrients In the long term, a diet rich in fast food could lead to issues with digestion, immunity, inflammation, heart health, obesity, and more Not all fast food is bad, however Make informed choices and be ready to face the consequences 7 Application of Nanotechnology in Agriculture

8. Application of Nanotechnology in Agriculture Environmental Sensitivity Nanotechnology is also opening new avenues with a greater potential for enhancing agricultural productivity and promoting environmental sensitivity. Research is ongoing for increasing seed germination through the use of nanotechnology. Nanomaterials are being used extensively in agricultural waste recycling initiatives across the globe. There is ongoing research regarding the introduction of nanotechnology in hydroponics. 8

9. Application of Nanotechnology in Food Industries Food Packaging Oxygen is one of the major problematic factors in food packaging since it can promote or facilitate spoilage and discoloration of food products Nanoparticles have been u sed to develop a new plastic type that prevents the penetration of oxygen Food Processing and Safety Nanotechnology enables food and beverage industries to alter and manipulate their products for more effective nutrient delivery so as to specifically target the enhancement of nutritional and health statuses of consumers 9

10. Benefits and Risks of Adopting Nanotechnology Benefits Risks Lower pesticide use Potential human health effects Improved traceability & safety of food products Oxidative damage and inflammation of GI tract Reductions in far, sugar, salt, & preservatives Acute toxic responses Enhanced nutritional value of food/beverages Cancers Novel flavors & textures Lesions of liver and kidney Maintenance of food quality & freshness Concerns for workers health and safety More hygienic food processing Potential harmful effects to the environment 10

11. Conclusion The application of nanotechnology in agriculture and food systems can contribute immensely to livelihood sustainability and food security. The major contribution of nanotechnology in agriculture is realized in nutrient management, precision farming, insect pest and disease management, agronomy, and crop improvement schemes However, at the present moment, the development and advancement of nanotechnologies are mainly focusing on their beneficial effects with little attention being placed on nano-toxicology No regulatory standards have been established to govern the use of nanomaterials 11

12. 12 Thank You Questions!!!