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1. JAWAHARLAL NEHRU GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE SUNDERNAGAR DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINERRING “UTILIZATION OF RUBBER IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION” SEMINAR(CE-613) SESSSION-JUNE 2023 SUBMITTED BY : FACULTY SUPERVISOR: Isha Ms. Surabhi Roll No.-20010101036 Asst.Prof.,Dept. of CE Batch- 2020-2024 JNGEC Sundernagar

2. CONTENT INTRODUCTION IMPORTANCE OF RUBBER IN PAVEMENT JUSTIFICATION WHY I CHOOSE THIS TOPIC LITERATURE REVIEW LIMITATIONS REFERANCES

3. INTRODUCTION In recent times,a serious problem that leads to environmental pollution is the abundance and increase of waste tyres disposal. The rubber as a polymer is a thermosetting material cross cross-linked to processing and moulding.However it can't be softened or remoulded by pre-heating unlike other types of thermoplastic polymer which can be softened and reshaped when heated. It has been established fact that normal bituminous course can`t cope up with the following problems: Increasing traffic on roads/overloading of vehicles leading to ruting,cracking,deformation and shorting of asphalt pavement. High range of temp. causing pavement to become softer in summer and brittle in winter. Rain/water cause extensive stripping problem in asphalt pavement In recent years, researches on application of rubberished bitumen binders have been reported many advantages.

4. IMPORTANCE OF RUBBER IN PAVEMENT The importance of rubber in road pavement are as follows: Higher resistance to deformation at increased road temperature,reduce degree of rutting,improve driving comfort even on higher axel loads. Improve skid resistance,better road grid and smoother vehicle break application,which reduce the chance of accident. Increase viscosity ,avoids bitumen softening and flushing onto the surface of the sprayed seal. Improve adhesion and bonding with aggregates,less windscreen damage and improves safety. High resistance to moisture/water absorption hence reduction to damage during rains. Service life of road increased.

5. JUSTIFICATION WHY I CHOOSE THIS TOPIC Number of tyres are burn daily which pollute the environment,which cause many diseases. Rubber waste can be recycled or reuse as bitumen modifier. Addition of rubber in bitumen provide higher resistance to deformation under increased road temperature improves smoothness to drive. Helps in conserving the ecological balances. The study also encourage the use of these potentially hazardous waste for mass scale without affecting the environment,cultivation ,human and animal lives. Addition of rubber make bitumen more adhesive and increased its binding properties.

6. LITERATURE REVIEW

7. S.NO. NAME OF RESEARCH PAPER / YEAR NAME OF JOURNAL/AUTHOR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION 1. Use of Waste Rubber Tyres in Construction of Bituminous Road YEAR- 2013 JOURNAL- International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering and Management(IJAIEM) AUTHOR- Niraj D. Baraiya Waste tyres cut in size 22.4mm-6.00mm. Rubber pieces sieved through 22.4mm sieve and retained at 5.6mm sieve. Retained rubber pieces the in bitumen,10-20% by weight of aggregates,at temp. (160-170 degree Celsius) Different tests are then performed on this mixed proportion. Modifies flexibility of surface layer Reduce thermal cracking and permanent deformation. Reduce the sound pollution in heavy traffic.

8. S.NO. NAME OF RESEARCH PAPER / YEAR NAME OF JOURNAL/AUTHOR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION 2. Effect of the use of Crumb Rubber in Conventional Bitumen on the Marshall Stability Value. YEAR- 2014 JOURNAL- International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology. AUTHOR- Harpalsinh Raol, Abhijitsinh Parmar, Dhaval Patel, Jitendra Jayswal MARSHALL STABILITY TEST Using Crumb Rubber by15% of proportion to replace the bitumen. MATERIAL USED: Aggregates,Bitumen,Crumb Rubber APPARATUS USED: Marshall Stability Machine A ddition of Crumb Rubber gives 1.6 times greater value then conventional bitumen mix.

9. Graph-1 Graph-2 Graph-3

10. S.NO. NAME OF RESEARCH PAPER / YEAR NAME OF JOURNAL / AUTHOR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION 3. Performance Evaluation Of Natural Rubber Modified Bituminous Mixes YEAR-2015 JOURNAL- Journal of Civil Structural,Environmental,Water resources and Infrastructure Engineering Research(JCSEWIER) AUTHOR- Krishnapriya M. G TESTS: Static Indirect Tensile Strength Test Repeated Load Test Marshall Stability Test MATERIAL USED: Natural rubber modified bitumen(NRBM) Aggregates and fillers NRBM mix has excellent rut resistance The fatigue life of the NRMB mic increased Resilient modulus also increased.

11. S.NO. NAME OF RESEARCH PAPER / YEAR NAME OF JOURNAL / AUTHOR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION 4. Waste Rubber Bitumen Modifier YEAR-2015 JOURNAL- International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science AUTHOR- Abir Roy, Asst. Prof. Avinesh Kumar MARSHALL TEST ANALYSIS: Density analysis Stability analysis Flow analysis Voids in total mix analysis Stiffness analysis MATEIAL USED: BITUMEN AGGREGATES WASTE RUBBER Stability increases with increase of waste content Density of the mix increased Increase adhesion between aggregate particles , durability Minimize the deformation of road wearing course

12. S. NO. NAME OF RESEARCH PAPER / YEAR NAME OF JOURNAL/AUTHOR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION 5. Study of Behaviour of Bitumen Modified with Crumb Rubber Year-2016 JOURNAL- International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology(IJERT) AUTHOR- V.Suganpriya, S.Omprakash, V.Chandralaga 1. VISCOSITY TEST MATERIA USED: Bitumen,Crumb Rubber(4%,6%,8%,10%,12%) APPARATUS USED: Viscometer 2. SOFTENING POINT TSET MATERIAL USED: Bitumen,Crumb Rubber(4%,6%,8%,10%,12%) APPARATUS USED: Ring and Ball. Viscosity value of bitumen increases with increase. Softening point increase with increased.

13. S.NO NAME OF RESEARCH PAPER / YEAR NAME OF AUTHOR/JOURNAL METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION 6. Use of Rubber in road construction. YEAR-2017 JOURNAL- International Journal of Advance Research and Development AUTHOR- Nitu H. Deshmukh and D.Y. Kshirsagar 1. PENETRATION TEST MATERIAL USED: bitumen, crumb rubber(0%,8%,10%,12%) APPARATUS USED: Penetrometer 2. SOFTENING POINT TEST MATERIAL USED: Bitumen, crumb rubber(0%,8%,10%,12%) APPARATUS USED: Ring and Ball 3. DUCTILITY TEST MATERIAL USED: Bitumen, rubber waste(0%,8%,10%,12%) APPARATUS USED: Ductility testing machine,Briquette mould Penetration value decrease with the increased. Softening point increased with the increased. Ductility test shows that the rubber waste added to bitumen will harden the bitumen make it more viscous,useful for stiffer bitumen asphalt

14. Graph-4 Graph-5 Graph-6

15. S. NO. NAME OF RESEARCH PAPER / YEAR NAME OF JOURNAL/AUTHOR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION 7. Economic Construction of Bitumen Road of Waste Tyre Rubber YEAR-2017 JOURNAL- International Journal of Science Technology and Engineering AUTHOR- Rupesh Sahu, Rajesh Joshi 1. Adding different %age of crumb rubber/waste rubber in bitumen and check the penetration(mm) and elastic recovery(%) value. 2. Marshall Stability Test MATERIAL USED: Bitumen,Aggregates,Crumb rubber(8%-14%) APPARATUS USED: Marshall Stability Testing Machine with Proving Ring. Penetration value decreases and Elastic Recovery value increases. Marshall stability value increases upto 13% but after this value start decreasing.

16. Graph-7 Table-1

17. S.NO. NAME OF RESEARCH PAPER / YEAR NAME OF JOURNAL / AUTHOR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION 8 . Behavioural Study of Bitumen Mixed with Crumb Rubber in Flexible Pavement YEAR-2020 JOURNAL- International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology(IRJET) AUTHOR- Jeevan. C, P. Hariharan, S. Mohammed Javid Hazeem. PRIMARY TESTS MATERIAL USED: Bitumen, Aggregates,Crumb Rubber(5%,10%,15%) Penetration test Ductility test Viscosity test Specific gravity test Increase strength and performance of road Provide better adhesion between bitumen and aggregates.

18. S.NO. NAME OF RESEARCH PAPER / YEAR NAME OF JOURNAL / AUTHOR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION 9. Use of Waste Tyres in Road Construction YEAR-2021 JOURNAL- International Journal of Advanced Technology in Engineering(IJAITE) AUTHOR- Ajay V. Marotkar,Swapnil V. Meshram, Sagar I. Meshram, Laxmi B. Kumavat, Sangita B. Kumavat, Prof. Sagar Kitey Mixing of Crumb Rubber with Plain Bitumen Tests perform on this mix proportion. MATERIAL USED: Bitumen, Crumb Rubber Additional strength to the road , reduce water damage. Bitumen become more viscous and harden. Road life increased. Improve adhesion property.

19. S.NO. NAME OF RESEARCH PAPER / YEAR NAME OF JOURNAL / AUTHOR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION 1 0. Study on Tyre Rubber Modified Bitumen Mix for Road Asphalt Mixtures YEAR-2021 JOURNAL- International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET) AUTHOR- Shantanu Prajapati, Vivek Kumar Agrawal, Akash Deep Sahu, Ajay Kumar Singh MATERIAL USED: Aggregates Mineral filler Bitumen Crumb Rubber TESTS PERFORMED: Specific Gravity test Ductility index test Marshall stability test Improvement in flash point and specific gravity. Improvement in binder property. Marshall stability value with modified binder are greater.

20. LIMITATIONS Easily damaged by oil and chemicals. Construction is more changing as temperature requirement are more critical. The bitumen-rubber material must be properly selected,designed and produced. It is not possible to store CR-MB at elevated temperature without equipping storage tanks with augurs.

21. REFERENCES Baraiya, N. D. (2013). Use of waste rubber tyres in construction of bituminous road–an overview. International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management, 2(7), 108-110. Raol, H., Parmar, A., Patel, D., & Jayswal, J. (2014). Effect of the use of Crumb rubber in conventional bitumen on the Marshall Stability value. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, eISSN, 2319-1163. Krishnapriya, M. G. (2015). Performance evaluation of natural rubber modified bituminous mixes. International Journal of Civil, Structural, Environmental and Infrastructure Engineering Research and Development (IJCSEIERD), 5(34), 121-134. Abir Roy & Asst. Prof. Avinesh Kumar (2015).Waste Rubber Bitumen Modifier . International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science , ISSN,2091-2730. Suganpriya, V., Omprakash, S., & Chandralega, V. (2016). Study of behaviour of bitumen modified with crumb rubber. Int. J. Eng. Res, 5, 192-197. Deshmukh, N. H., & Kshirsagar, D. Y. (2017). Utilization of rubber waste in construction of flexible pavement. International Journal for Advance Research and Development, 2(7), 70-77. Rupesh Sahu & Rajesh Joshi(2017), Economic Construction of Bitumen Road of Waste Tyre Rubber .International Journal of Science Technology and Engineering ,ISSN-2349-784X. Jeevan. C, P. Hariharan, S. Mohammed Javid Hazeem(2020), Behavioural Study of Bitumen Mixed with Crumb Rubber in Flexible Pavement. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology(IRJET),e-ISSN-2395-0056. Ajay V. Marotkar,Swapnil V. Meshram, ‘et al’(2021). Use of Waste Tyres in Road Construction. International Journal of Advanced Technology in Engineering(IJAITE),E-ISSN:2455-6491. Shantanu Prajapati, Vivek Kumar Agrawal, ‘et al’(2021). Study on Tyre Rubber Modified Bitumen Mix for Road Asphalt Mixtures. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET), ISSN-2321-9653.

22. Thank You