Islanding detection in grid connected photovoltaic system

Project on islanding detection in grid connected photovoltaic system

1. Visvesvaraya Technological University , Belagavi Presentation on Project Phase - 2 “ISLADNING DETECTON FOR GRID CONNECTED PHOTOVOLTAIK SYSTEM USING AIRDINO” Presented By A KHAJA MANSOOR (USN:3PG21EE400) DANIEL G MALIN ( USN:3PG20EE409) MADHUSHUDHAN A (USN:3PG21EE417) SHARATH KUMAR N (USN:3PG21EE432) Guide HOD Mrs. Y Sunusha Mr. Prakasha S Asst. Professor Asst. Professor Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering PROUDHADEVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, [Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University Belagavi & Approved by AICTE New Delhi.] T.B. DAM, HOSAPETE-583 225

2. Introduction: Islanding is a critical issue in renewable energy integration, occurring when a photovoltaic system continues to generate power during a grid outage, posing safety risks and grid stability concerns. Our project focuses on developing an islanding detection system for grid-connected photovoltaic systems to address this challenge. We aim to enhance safety, reliability, and stability by promptly detecting islanding events and initiating automatic disconnection from the grid. Throughout this presentation, we'll discuss the importance of islanding detection, project objectives, methodology, key findings, and future directions.

3. importance As we transition towards a more sustainable future, renewable energy sources such as solar photovoltaic systems play an increasingly significant role in our energy landscape. However, one of the challenges associated with integrating these systems into the grid is the phenomenon known as islanding. Islanding occurs when a photovoltaic system continues to generate electricity during a grid outage, creating a "island" of power that is disconnected from the main grid. This poses serious safety risks to utility workers and can lead to equipment damage, power quality issues, and even blackouts.

4. Problem statement Islanding in Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems : Photovoltaic systems may continue to generate power during grid outages, creating isolated "islands" of power. This poses risks to safety, equipment, and power quality. Risks of Islanding: Safety: Endangers utility workers assuming the grid is de-energized. Equipment Damage: Can harm inverters, transformers, and other grid equipment. Power Quality: Introduces voltage and frequency fluctuations, affecting connected loads. Blackouts: May escalate to widespread outages, disrupting service.

5. Need for Effective Detection: Urgent need for detection methods to promptly identify and mitigate islanding events. Early detection enables automatic disconnection, safeguarding safety and equipment. Essential for ensuring safety, reliability, and stability of grid-connected photovoltaic systems.

6. Objective Develop an effective islanding detection system for grid-connected photovoltaic systems, with a focus on achieving high detection accuracy and rapid response times. Importance of the Solution: Enhance safety by promptly identifying islanding events and initiating automatic disconnection to prevent safety hazards. Improve reliability by minimizing the risk of equipment damage and power quality issues associated with islanding. Ensure the stability of grid-connected photovoltaic systems, supporting their seamless integration into the broader energy grid. Target metrics include achieving a detection accuracy rate of at least 95% and reducing islanding-related incidents by 50% within the target deployment area.

7. Project overview Our setup includes: Arduino microcontroller for data processing and control. Voltage sensors to measure grid and solar panel voltages. Relay for automatic disconnection in islanding events. LCD display for real-time monitoring and feedback. Mimicking the voltage sources by two separate batteries Our system mimics islanding detection by continuously monitoring grid and solar panel voltages. If either voltage deviates from preset thresholds, indicating a potential islanding event, the relay is triggered to disconnect the photovoltaic system from the grid.

8. Blockdiagram Voltage sensor Aurdino Solar generated voltage Relay Grid voltage Display BUSBA R Voltage sensor Diode Diode

9. Technical details Voltage Measurement Process: Grid Voltage: Voltage sensors connected to the grid measure the voltage levels continuously. Solar Panel Voltage: Voltage sensors connected to the solar panels measure the voltage generated by the photovoltaic system. Arduino microcontroller processes the voltage readings and compares them to preset thresholds to detect deviations. Relay Tripping Mechanism: Preset Voltage Thresholds: Threshold values are set for both grid and solar panel voltages to define normal operating conditions. Deviation Detection: If either voltage deviates from the preset thresholds, indicating a potential islanding event, the relay is triggered. Automatic Disconnection: Upon relay activation, the photovoltaic system is automatically disconnected from the grid to prevent islanding.

10. Safety and Stability Assurance: Rapid Response: The system ensures rapid response to voltage deviations, minimizing the duration of islanding events. Safety Measures: Automatic disconnection prevents safety hazards to utility workers and equipment damage during grid outages. Stability Enhancement: By preventing islanding events, the system contributes to the stability of grid-connected photovoltaic systems, ensuring uninterrupted power supply and minimizing power quality issues

11. Challengs faced Identification of Challenges : Lack of availability of suitable components: Difficulty in sourcing specific hardware components required for the project. Technical complexities: Complexity in integrating multiple sensors and ensuring accurate voltage measurements. Time constraints: Limited time frame for project development and testing. Overcoming Challenges: Collaboration with suppliers: Worked closely with suppliers to identify alternative components and expedite delivery. Iterative testing and troubleshooting: Conducted extensive testing and troubleshooting to address technical issues and ensure system reliability. Effective project management: Implemented a structured project management approach to prioritize tasks and meet deadlines.

12. Future scope Areas for Further Improvement: Integration of advanced signal processing techniques Implementation of machine learning algorithms Development of predictive analytics Optimization of threshold settings Future Research Directions: Investigation of grid-forming inverter technologies Study of communication protocols for grid integration Exploration of distributed control strategies Evaluation of cybersecurity measures

13. conclusion Key Points Summary: Our project focused on developing an islanding detection system for grid-connected photovoltaic systems. We discussed the challenges associated with islanding and the importance of effective detection methods. The presentation covered our project objectives, methodology, results, and future research directions. Importance of Islanding Detection: Islanding detection is crucial for ensuring the safety, reliability, and stability of grid-connected photovoltaic systems. Early detection of islanding events can prevent safety hazards, equipment damage, and power quality issues.