Iucn

IUCN

1. IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources BY VAGH SARMAN N M.F.S c , 1 ST SEM REG.NO – 2030316015 FISHERIES RESOURCE MANAgMENT DEPARTMENT COLLEGE OF FISHERIES, J.A.U, VERAVAL

2. Introduction T he International U nion F or Conservation O f N ature A nd N atural R esources ( IUCN ) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of  natural resources. It is involved in data gathering and analysis, research, field projects, lobbying and education. B est known for compiling and publishing Red list : accesses the conservation status of species worldwide. IUCN 's mission is to "influence, encourage and assist societies throughout the world to conserve nature and to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable”.

3. MILESTONES 1947 1948 1961 2012 1964 1949 1956 Took part in setting up World wild life fund (now WWF) IUPN (international Union for protection of nature) formed IUPN and UNESCO jointly organized conference on protection of nature Changed the name to International Union for conservation of nature and natural resources International conference on protection of nature in Brunnen Red data book on the conservation status of species was first published IUCN publishes the list of world’s 100 most threatened species

4. Present status of iucn 1066 NGOs 16151 experts in commissions 161 countries HEADQUARTERS: Gland, Switzerland

5. OBJECTIVES OF IUCN   IUCN will reach these three objectives through work with the global IUCN member network and its partners.

6. IUCN INDIA India a mega diverse country accounts for 7-8% of all recorded species . O ver 45,968 species of plants and 91,364 species of animals. 4  of 34 globally identified biodiversity hotspots: The Himalayas, the Western Ghats, the North-East, and the Nicobar Islands in India.  India became a State Member of IUCN in 1969, through the Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change ( MoEFCC ).  The IUCN India Country Office was established in 2007 in New Delhi .

7. RED DATA LIST T he IUCN Red list of threatened species is also known as the IUCN R ed list or Red data list. IUCN Red list was founded in 1964 , is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species. The IUCN is the world's main authority on the conservation status of species. A series of regional red lists are produced by countries or organizations, which assess the risk of extinction T he IUCN Red list is set upon precise criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and subspecies .

8. Cont …. According to IUCN (1996), the formally stated goals of the Red List are (1) To provide scientifically based information on the status of species and subspecies at a global level. (2) To draw attention toward the importance of threatened biodiversity. ( 3 ) To provide information to guide actions to conserve biological diversity.   Category Total no. of Species in world Extinct 868 Extinct in the wild 78 Critically endangered 5176 Endangered 7705 Vulnerable 11654 Near threatened 4406 Least concern 36952 Total 82065

9. Iucn red data list of india SPECIES 2008 2013 2014 Mammals 96 95 96 Fishes 40 213 216 Birds 76 80 82 Mollusks 2 6 7 Reptiles 25 52 53 Other inverts 109 128 128 Amphibians 65 74 74 Plants 246 325 332 Total 659 973 988

10. RED LIST CATEGORIES AND CRITERIA S pecies are classified by the IUCN Red list into nine groups, set through criteria such as rate of decline, population size, area of geographic distribution, and degree of population and distribution fragmentation.

11. Extinct (EX) A species is Extinct when the last existing member dies. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the  last individual of the species . Total 868 species Extinct in the world.

12. Extinct in the Wild (EW) "Extinct in the Wild" (EW) Species listed under this status by IUCN are not known to have any living specimens in the wild, and are maintained only in zoos or other artificial environments. When possible, modern zoological institutions try to maintain a viable population for species preservation and possible future reintroduction to the wild, through use of carefully planned breeding programs . Total 78 species Extinct in the wild in world.

13. Critically endangered (CR) A  Critically endangered ( cr ) species is one which has been categorized by the IUCN as facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild. Total 5176 species critically endangered in the world. A s of S eptember 2016, the IUCN lists 455   Critically endangered fish species The important criteria are : ( a ) an observed estimated, inferred or suspected reduction of at least 80 % over at least 10 year or 3 generation . ( b ) population estimated to number less than 250 mature individuals.

14. Endangered species (EN) A taxon is endangered when it is not critically endangered but it is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in a near future. 7705 species  are endangered worldwide. The important criteria are : ( a ) an observed, estimated , inferred or suspected reduction of at least 50 % over at least 10 years or 3 generation. ( b ) population estimated to number less than 2,500 mature individuals .

15. Vulnerable (VU) A taxon is vulnerable when it is not critically endangered or endangered but is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium term future . Total 11654 species are Vulnerable world wide. The important criteria are : an observed ,estimated, inferred, or suspected reduction of at least 20 % over at least 10 year or 3 generation. population estimated to number less than 10,000 mature individual.

16. Rare (R ) T axa which are not presently endangered or vulnerable but can become Rare because of small population usually located in restricted scattered over a more extensive range .

17. Lower risk (LR) T axa included in the lower risk category can be separated in to three sub categories : 1) Conservation dependent ( lr -cd ) : Taxa which would qualify for threatened categories within five year it is known as conservation dependent. 2) Near threatened ( lr-nt ) : Taxa which do not qualify for conservation dependent, but which are close to qualifying for vulnerable. 3) Least concern ( lr-lc ) : Taxa which do not qualify for conservation dependent or near threatened.

18. Data deficient (DD) K nown ,but appropriate data on abundance and /or distribution is lacking. L isting a taxon is data deficient ( dd ) when there is inadequate information to make a direct or indirect assessment of its of extinction based on its distribution and / or population status . Not evaluated (NE) : A taxon is not evaluated (ne), when it has not yet been assessed against the criteria .

19. IUCN PROTECTED AREAS CATEGORIES IUCN protected area categories, or IUCN protected area management categories, are categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the international union for conservation of nature (IUCN). The enlisting of such areas is part of a strategy being used toward the conservation of the world's natural environment and biodiversity. the IUCN has developed the protected area management categories system to define, record, and classify the wide variety of specific aims and concerns when categorizing protected areas and their objectives.

20. Category I a — Strict Nature Reserve A  strict nature reserve (IUCN category IA) is an area which is protected from all but light human use in order to preserve the geological and geo morphological features of the region and its biodiversity. T hese areas are often home to dense native ecosystems that are restricted from all human disturbance outside of scientific study, environmental monitoring and education.

21. Category I b — Wilderness Area A Wilderness area (IUCN category IB) is similar to a strict nature reserve, but generally larger and protected in a slightly less stringent manner. T hese are areas which may buffer against the effects of climate change and protect threatened species and ecological communities.

22. Category ii – national park N ational parks are managed in a way that may contribute to local economies through promoting educational and recreational tourism on a scale that will not reduce the effectiveness of conservation efforts. N ational parks are areas reserved for wild life where they can freely use the habitats and natural resources. N o grazing of any livestock shall also be permitted inside a national park. Commercial exploitation of natural resources is strictly prohibited.

23. Category III — Natural Monument or Feature A  Natural monument is a natural or natural/cultural feature of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative of aesthetic qualities or cultural significance. “Areas are set aside to protect a specific natural monument, which can be a landform, sea mount, submarine cavern, geological feature such as a cave or even a living feature such as an ancient grove. T hey are generally quite small protected areas and often have high visitor value .

24. Category IV — Habitat/Species Management Area H abitat or species management area ( IUCN category IV ) is similar to a natural monument or feature, but focuses on more specific areas of conservation, like an identifiable species or habitat that requires continuous protection rather than that of a natural feature. T hese protected areas will be sufficiently controlled to ensure the maintenance, conservation, and restoration of particular species and habitats – possibly through traditional means – and public education of such areas is widely encouraged as part of the management objectives.  

25. Category V — Protected Landscape/Seascape IUCN category v protected landscape and protected seascape — area covers entire bodies of land or ocean with a more explicit management plan in the interest of nature conservation, but is more likely to include a range of for-profit activities. C ategory v—protected landscapes and seascapes allow a higher level of interaction with surrounding communities who are able to contribute to the areas management and engage with the natural and cultural heritage it embodies through a sustainable outlook.

26. Category VI – Protected Area with sustainable use of natural resources T hough human involvement is a large factor in the management of these protected areas, developments are not intended to allow for wide scale industrial production. T he IUCN recommends that a proportion of the land mass remains in its natural condition – a decision to be made on a national level, usually with specificity to each protected area.