jouranlism 8 as a powerpoint presentation

journalism

1. NEWS WRITING

2. COVERAGE What is News? The News Writing Elements of News Sources of News Kinds of News

3. ICEBREAKER GROUP ACTIVITY

4. What is NEWS? Information about current events printed in newspapers or broadcast by media (Microsoft Encarta, 2009) gives the reader information that will have an impact on them in some way usually flows from most important to least important.

5. What is NEWS? Recent information Current events Somebody or something interesting Something previously unknown

6. The Elements of News Timeliness Proximity Impact Prominence Oddity Conflict Human Interest

7. The Elements of News Timeliness the fact or quality of happening at the best possible time or at the right time:

8. The Elements of News Proximity considers the location of the event in relation to the target audience of the media outlet

9. The Elements of News Impact to have a strong effect or influence on a situation or person

10. The Elements of News Prominence a story that involves a well-known person, place, or event.

11. The Elements of News Oddity One-of-a-kind stories or rarely happening. Greater the unusualness, the greater its. value as news.

12. The Elements of News Conflict struggles between individuals or ethnic groups or organizations For example, stories about war, crime, and social discord are newsworthy because their conflict narrative spurs interest

13. The Elements of News Human Interest feature story that discusses people or pets in an emotional way.

14. Where to find News? Daily newspapers News magazines Teen magazines Education journals Television Internet Open your eyes and ears

15. Kinds of News Straight News News Feature

16. Kinds of News Straight News - consists of facts reported without elaboration - report only the most essential information -currents news

17. Kinds of News News Feature based on facts writer may give his impressions, may describe and narrate without resorting to biased opinion - magazines, newspapers and online.

18. The LEAD: Guidelines in Writing Use active voice. Ask, “Why should I care?”; “What do my readers need to know most?” Sell the story. Put attributions first.

19. Structure of News: The BODY Contains the details of the lead Arranged from the most important to the least important One sentence, one paragraph Sentences are generally less than 25 words Include quotations whenever possible (direct and indirect)

20. Structure of News: DIRECT QUOTES Should be linked to the paragraph before them. The quote should elaborate on the previous paragraph.

21. Structure of News: DIRECT QUOTES For example: Because of an anonymous $25,000 donation, students who ride a school bus to and from school will have access to the Internet during their commute starting March 1. “Giving free Wi- Fi to our students will enable them to do research, read the news or even watch educational videos each day,” Superintendent Kelli Putman said. “This change will have a positive impact on academic productivity.”

22. Structure of News: DIRECT QUOTES Next Transition, Direct Quote Superintendent Putman first proposed this plan in November, but the district did not have the funding to go forward. The city newspaper published an article about the proposal, and the anonymous donation followed. “With the tight budget and tough economic times, I thought my Wi- Fi proposal was a pipe dream,” she said. “I want to thank the donor for being so generous.” and so on…

23. Structure of News: DIRECT QUOTES Should not repeat the transition/lead before them. For example: Principal Jeanette Rother said that several teachers have been reluctant to give assignments that require Internet access. “Several of our teachers have been hesitant about giving homework assignments that would require the Internet,” Rother said..

24. Structure of News: DIRECT QUOTES Can be longer than one sentence. Should have attribution after the first sentence of the quote. Attribution should be: Noun then verb. For example: Correct - senior Bob Rodriguez said. Incorrect - said senior Bob Rodriguez. (unless you have an unusually long title)

25. Structure of News: DIRECT QUOTES Do not place two people’s direct quotes next to each other without a transition.

26. Structure of News: TRANSITION Very, very important Holds the story together

27. Structure of News: TRANSITION Can be fact, indirect quote or a partial quote.

28. Structure of News: TRANSITION FACT TRANSITION: (Lead) President Barack Obama will speak on Friday to seniors about getting involved in community service work. (Direct Quote)“Seniors will learn a lot about duty and commitment when they hear President Obama,” Principal Ike Sumter said. “We are so excited that he agreed to come.” (Fact Transition) Before becoming president, Obama worked as a community organizer in Chicago.

29. Structure of News: TRANSITION INDIRECT QUOTE TRANSITION: (Lead) President Barack Obama will speak on Friday to seniors about getting involved in community service work. (Direct Quote)“Seniors will learn a lot about duty and commitment when they hear President Obama,” Principal Ike Sumter said. “We are so excited that he agreed to come.” (IQ Transition) President Obama said he believes community service is more important than college in building character.

30. Structure of News: TRANSITION PARTIAL QUOTE TRANSITION: (Lead) President Barack Obama will speak on Friday to seniors about getting involved in community service work. (Direct Quote)“Seniors will learn a lot about duty and commitment when they hear President Obama,” Principal Ike Sumter said. “We are so excited that he agreed to come.” (PQ Transition) President Obama said he believes community service is “extremely valuable lesson” for every teen to have.

31. Structure of News: TRANSITION Use transitional words to help with the flow (as needed): After all, Also, Finally, In addition, However, Otherwise, Then For example: In addition to speaking about community service, Obama plans to talk to students about the importance of voting.

32. Structure of News: TRANSITION Use parts of the direct quotes to create the transition. And then use the rest of the quote as direct quote.

33. The BODY: Tips in Writing List down facts according to descending importance. Highlight the most important data as the lead. Names should be given in full when first mentioned. Thereafter, use Mr., Ms., or Mrs. Or appropriate title Attribute authority or source of news. Don’t start news with numerals, there is…, there are…, and avoid…; when possible, use articles (a, an, the) as beginning word.

34. The BODY: Tips in Writing Make sure your facts are accurate. Keep your sentences short. Be specific. Avoid long and complex words. Avoid passive verbs, jargons and clichés.

35. The BODY: Tips in Writing Use transitions. Avoid redundancy and repetition. Write in the third person. Use adjectives sparingly. Do not editorialize. Numbers 1- 9 spelled out, 10 and above figures

36. FACT vs. OPINION FACTS verifiable attributable objective

37. FACT vs. OPINION OPINION fleeting moldable subjective

38. FACT vs. OPINION Why should opinions be left out of news?

39. FACT vs. OPINION How do opinions in news stories impact a reporter’s credibility?

40. FACT vs. OPINION Opinions belong on what page of a newspaper?

41. FACT vs. OPINION

42. WRITING SCHOOL NEWS

43. What are possible topics in the school? Classroom story Enrollment story Meeting story Program/ Party Story Honor Roll Awards story

44. What are possible topics in the school? School Improvement story Election Story School Organization/ Club story Out- of- school activity

45. Sources of News Offices, departments, library School calendar Invitation and Memos Different clubs and organizations Sports teams Student and teachers Community

46. Checklist for News Stories Are the most important and recent facts first? Is the story accurate? Are the sources identified fully? Are the paragraphs short? Is the sentence structure varied in the story? Is the story neat and double- spaced so that it is easy to read? Does your story flow? Did you use the transition/quote formula? Did you use active voice?

47. No-Nos for News Stories Writing a feature lead Adding facts Putting attribution before the quote Missing the news peg Missing important information and people Stacking quotes Forgetting to use student quotes

48. What will Make a Difference? Getting the news peg in the lead. Using the T/Q formula. Using the “correct” sources and quotes.

49. Pitfalls to Avoid Editorializing Using first and second person - Keep yourself out of the story. Common error: “our school” Messy handwriting, poor grammar and spelling Paragraphs too long Misspelling names in the story Trying to use all of the information

50. THE GOOD NEWS… Lecture ends here…

51. THE BAD NEWS… Workshop starts now! 

52. References: Delgado, A. (2013). News Writing Handout. SJN Parish Formation Complex Delgado, A. (2012). Campus Journalism Workshop Training Handout. General De Jesus College, Nueva Ecija Harrower, T. (2011). Introduction to Journalism. Lindenwood University, USA