Khushi Project PPt-2.pptx Pharmacology..

A hormonal disorder causing enlarged ovaries with small cysts on the outer edges.
The cause of polycystic ovary syndrome isn't well understood, but may involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Symptoms include menstrual irregularity, excess hair growth, acne and obesity.
Treatments such as birth control pills to regulate menstrual cycles, metformin to counter insulin resistance and prevent diabetes, statins to manage high cholesterol, hormones to boost fertility, and procedures to remove excess hair may be prescribed.

1. An overview of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid S ub m i tt e d b y : Khushi R o l l N o : 75191807 B. Pharmacy , 4 th Year (8 th Semester) S up e r v i s o r : Miss Sapna Rani Department of Pharmaceutical Science’s M.M. College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences M.M. College of Pharmacy

2. Table of Content Introduction Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Thyroid PCOS associated with thyroid related disorder Symptoms of PCOS associated with thyroid Pathophysiology of PCOS Pathophysiology of thyroid disorder

3. Introduction: Thyroid disorder and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) are very common endocrine disorder among general population. But both thyroid dysfunction and PCOS have completely different etiopathogenesis & also have some various common features. An increased ovarian volume and cystic changes in ovaries have been reported in both primary hypothyroidism and PCOS. Both PCOS and thyroid have possible etiological and clinical connections between them.

4. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Common endocrine disorder and cause of infertility among females. It is a complex endocrine disorder associated with long term annovulation and an excess of androgen circulation in blood.Imbalance of sex hormones cause the abnormal growth of ovarain cyst.

5. It is estimated that 6-10% of women are affected by PCOS in their reproductive age.

6. Thyroid: The thyroid is a butterfly –shaped gland in the neck. It produces hormones responsible for controlling body’s metabolism and growth. The thyroid gland works with pituitary gland located in the centre of skull. The hormones secreted by thyroid gland includes:

7. PCOS associated with thyroid related disorder: An increased estrogenic and estrogenic/progesterone ratio seem to be directly involved in high thyroid antibody levels in PCOS patients. In PCOS estrogen ratio increases and progesterone ratio decreases. Whereas in thyroid disorder like Hashimoto’s TSH ratio increases and the ratio of other hormones such as T4 and T3 decreases.

8. Symptoms of PCOS associated with thyroid:

9. Pathophysiology of PCOS:

10. Pathophysiology of thyroid disorder :

11. Conclusion: Thyroid disorders, especially HT, in the course of PCOS, are observed significantly more frequently than in the general population. However, their concomitance in the context of fertility disorders has not been investigated extensively. The data concerning joint etiology , pathogenesis and clinical consequences are scarce. This is probably caused by complex etiology of both diseases and changes of PCOS diagnostic criteria over time. Three genetic polymorphisms: FBN3, GnRHR and CYP1B1, have been described to play a role in PCOS as well as in HT. Polymorphism of the FBN3 gene seems to be most suitable, due to the relationship with TGFß activity, and Treg level in consequence. The role of TGFß in the pathogenesis of both disorders has been understood. Among patients with PCOS only A8 D19S884 carriers had a normal TGFß1 level; others have been found to have increased values compared with the general population. High estrogen levels during prenatal life may disrupt development of the thymus and its role in creating immune tolerance.

12. Reference: Sinha U, Sinharay K, Saha S, Longkumer TA, Baul SN, Pal SK. Thyroid disorders in polycystic ovarian syndrome subjects: A tertiary hospital based cross-sectional study from Eastern India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab . 2013;17:304–9. [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] . Benetti-Pinto CL, Berini Piccolo VR, Garmes HM, Teatin Juliato CR. Subclinical hypothyroidism in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: An analysis of clinical, hormonal, and metabolic parameters. Fertil Steril . 2013;99:588–92. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] . Ramanand SJ, Ghongane BB, Ramanand JB, Patwardhan MH, Ghanghas RR, Jain SS. Clinical characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome in Indian women. Indian J Endocrinol Metab . 2013;17:138–45. [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] Janssen OE, Mehlmauer N, Hahn S, Offner AH, Gärtner R. High prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol. 2004;150:363–9. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]

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